电力市场环境下考虑风电调度和调频极限的储能优化控制

风电功率间歇性不仅使风电场难以精确响应调度计划,还导致电网频率波动加剧.为提高风电可调度性和电网频率安全,该文以日前调度为例构建日前调度计划和电网调频极限的形成方法,在此基础上提出利用储能辅助风电场跟踪日前调度计划并参与调频的策略;然后在电力市场环境下以风储电站利润最大为目标建立风储运行模型,该模型考虑由所提策略形成的风储电站联合出力约束和频率安全约束,用来计算储能辅助风电场跟踪日前调度计划和参与调频的最优出力;最后基于实测数据对该策略进行仿真分析,结果表明所提策略可以提高风电场跟踪日前调度计划能力和电网频率安全性,同时还具有良好的经济效益.     

A STUDY OF HYDROGEN EFFECT ON DEFORMATION AND FRACTURE MICROPROCESS IN PURE IRON

本文利用S4-10型Stereoscan扫描电镜拉伸试验装置,对阴极充氢的Johnson-Matthey纯铁的形变和断裂微观过程进行了动态观察。主要结果如下: 1.随着氢含量的增加(从5.4cm~3/100g增到31.0cm~3/100g),屈服应力略有增加,流变应力和断裂强度显著增加,而断裂应变明显降低。在氢含量高于18.7cm~3/100g以上时,下屈服点和Lüders带消失。 2.氢含量低于10cm~3/100g的试样,裂纹优先在晶内滑移面上萌生形核,沿着亚晶界向前扩展,断裂途径大都是与拉伸轴呈45°方向断开。而氢含量大于16cm~3/100g的试样,裂纹易在晶界上开裂,在晶内呈锯齿形向前扩展,与拉伸轴正交方向断开。 3.纯铁氢脆的主要特征是:(1)试样表面上滑移线的明显减少,(2)脆性微观断裂形态的形成和增多。这是由于固溶的氢原子降低塑性形变所致。     

THE EFFECT OF η-PHASE IN AN IRONNICKEL BASE SUPERALLOY

本文研究了合金元素、热加工和热处理工艺对一种Fe-Ni基高温合金中γ′-η相转变的影响,以及η相对机械性能和热加工性能的影响。试验结果表明,η相降低断裂强度和持久寿命,提高高温塑性和热加工性能.增加钛含量和热加工应变能促进η相形成,而添加Al,Mo和微量元素硼阻碍η相形成。     

当前我国在学位价值取向上的错位现象及其原因透视

学位具有学术价值、教育价值、管理价值等本体性价值，也具有个体价值与社会价值、工具性价值和目的性价值等派生性价值。当前人们在学位价值取向上存在着一些明显的错位和偏差。其具体表现有四点：一是重学位的“派生”性价值，轻学位的“本体”性价值；二是过分强调学位的教育价值和管理价值，而缺乏对学术价值应有地位的肯定；三是重学位的社会价值，轻学位的个体价值；四是重学位的工具性价值而忽视学位的目的性价值。导致这种错位现象产生的原因，不仅有教育系统内部因素，而且也与中国传统文化价值观和当前社会对人才的选拔、聘用政策有着直接的关系。     

高温超导氧化物YBCO中添加BaF2的研究

研究了BaF2添加对高温超导氧化物YBCO先驱粉末的热力学行为及对织构组织和超导性能的影响。DTA分析结果表明，添加BaF2使YBCO先驱粉末升温过程中的包晶分解温度有所降低，同时使YBCO的包晶反应温度降低，对织构生长的温度区间影响不是很明显。SEM测量发现，YBCO的显微组织结构基本不变，说明BaF2的添加没有显著影响YBCO的织构生长和Y211在基体中的分布。磁化率测景表明，当BaF2含量小于10％（质量分数）时超导转变温度略有降低。     

鲁棒的单类协同排序算法

单类协同过滤(One-class collaborative filtering, OCCF)问题是当前的一大研究热点.之前的研究所提出的算法对噪声数据很敏感,因为训练数据中的噪声数据将给训练过程带来巨大影响,从而导致算法的不准确性.文中引入了Sigmoid成对损失函数和Fidelity成对损失函数,这两个函数具有很好的灵活性,能够和当前最流行的基于矩阵分解(Matrix factorization, MF)的协同过滤算法和基于最近邻(K-nearest neighbor, KNN)的协同过滤算法很好地融合在一起,进而提出了两个鲁棒的单类协同排序算法,解决了之前此类算法对噪声数据的敏感性问题.基于Bootstrap抽样的随机梯度下降法用于优化学习过程.在包含有大量噪声数据点的实际数据集上实验验证,本文提出的算法在各个评价指标下均优于当前最新的单类协同排序算法.     

铰支柔性梁主参数共振的时滞反馈控制

研究了时滞反馈控制作用下铰支柔性梁主参数共振问题.采用多尺度法,从理论上推导了时滞位移反馈控制作用下铰支柔性梁非线性主参数共振,分析了时滞、反馈控制增益,非线性系数等系统参数对系统非线性主参数振动的影响,分析了主参数动力响应随参数变化的规律.结果表明:随着反馈增益的增大,系统响应幅值得到明显抑制,合理地控制系统参数选取可提高振动控制的效率.     

On Constrained MMVC of Discrete‐Time First‐Order Linear Stochastic Systems with PSI I: The Critically Stable Case

This paper is devoted to the study of the modified minimal variance control (MMVC) of discrete‐time first‐order linear critically stable stochastic systems with prospective strong intervention (PSI) and control input constraints. Due to different evolutionary characteristics of systems with PSI, that is, the two modes of tending to infinity and having bounded oscillations, the discrete‐time first‐order linear critically stable systems can be partitioned into two types regarding the signs of a key system parameter a. A necessary and sufficient condition for the state mean convergence of a system with a = 1 is derived and the corresponding design of MMVC is formulated. For the critical stable system with a =? 1, its oscillation amplitudes of state means can be effectively suppressed or the means can converge under control. Finally, the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed control strategies comparing with MVC are confirmed by numerical simulations.     

An efficient joint channel assignment and QoS routing protocol for IEEE 802.11 multi-radio multi-channel wireless mesh networks

With the emerging of video, voice over IP (VoIP) and other real-time multimedia services, more and more people pay attention to quality of service (QoS) issues in terms of the bandwidth, delay and jitter, etc. As one effective way of broadband wireless access, it has become imperative for wireless mesh networks (WMNs) to provide QoS guarantee. Existing works mostly modify QoS architecture dedicated for ad hoc or sensor networks, and focus on single radio and single channel case. Meanwhile, they study the QoS routing or MAC protocol from view of isolated layer. In this paper, we propose a novel cross-layer QoS-aware routing protocol on OLSR (CLQ-OLSR) to support real-time multimedia communication by efficiently exploiting multi-radio and multi-channel method. By constructing multi-layer virtual logical mapping over physical topology, we implement two sets of routing mechanisms, physical modified OLSR protocol (M-OLSR) and logical routing, to accommodate network traffic. The proposed CLQ-OLSR is based on a distributed bandwidth estimation scheme, implemented at each node for estimating the available bandwidth on each associated channel. By piggybacking the bandwidth information in HELLO and topology control (TC) messages, each node disseminates information of topology and available bandwidth to other nodes in the whole network in an efficient way. From topology and bandwidth information, the optimized path can be identified. Finally, we conduct extensive simulation to verify the performance of CLQ-OLSR in different scenarios on QualNet platform. The results demonstrate that our proposed CLQ-OLSR outperforms single radio OLSR, multi-radio OLSR and OLSR with differentiated services (DiffServ) in terms of network aggregate throughput, end-to-end packet delivery ratio, delay and delay jitter with reasonable message overheads and hardware costs. In particular, the network aggregate throughput for CLQ-OLSR can almost be improved by 300% compared with the single radio case.