基于粒子群算法的移动机器人全局最优路径规划*

以栅格法和粒子群算法为基础,提出了一种新的机器人实时全局最优路径规划方法.该方法包括采用栅格法对环境进行建模和直接运用粒子群算法在环境模型中搜索全局最优路径.在计算机上进行了仿真,仿真结果证明了该方法的可行性和有效性.     

Facile Fabrication of Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Polyquaternium-10 (PVA/PQ-10) Anion Exchange Membrane with Semi-Interpenetrating Network

Anion exchange membranes (AEMs) are one of the core components of AEM fuel cells. A series of poly(vinyl alcohol)/polyquaternium-10 (PVA/PQ-10) AEMs with semi-interpenetrating networks (s-IPNs) are prepared by a simple solution-casting method using glutaraldehyde (GA) as a cross-linking agent. Subsequently, the prepared PVA/PQ-10 cross-linked membranes are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, mechanical analysis, water uptake and swelling ratio tests, ion exchange capacity (IEC) tests, ionic conductivity measurements, and oxidative/alkaline stability tests. The effects of the mass ratio of PVA and PQ-10 and the amount of cross-linking agent GA on the performance of the PVA/PQ-10 cross-linked membranes are systematically explored. The results show that the cross-linked PVA/PQ-10 AEMs have high IEC and low water uptake and swelling ratio, and its maximum ionic conductivity can reach 79.37 mS cm^–1 at 80 °C. In addition, the PVA/PQ-10 cross-linked membrane has good oxidative and alkaline stability under optimal preparation conditions. These results may provide valuable insights toward more effective scheme designs and new, simple preparation methods for AEMs with s-IPN structures.     

Correction to: Bismuth Yttrium Oxide (Bi3YO6), A New Electrode Material For Asymmetric Aqueous Supercapacitors

Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials - The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistakes. In line 9 of the abstract, 5% should read as 2%. The...     

Design and Achievement of Metallurgical Bonding of Mg/Al Interface Prepared by Liquid–Liquid Compound Casting via a Co-deposited Cu–Ni Alloy Coating

The metallurgical bonding of Mg/Al bimetal by liquid–liquid compound casting was realized via co-deposition Cu–Ni alloy coating. The metallurgical layer of the Mg/Al bimetal consisted of Cu solid solution, Cu₂Mg and (Al0.7Cu1.3) Mg, Mg solid solution, Al₃Ni₂, and Mg₂Cu. Vickers hardness of the interface was between 149.9 and 209 HV, which was significantly lower than those of Al–Mg intermetallic compounds. The formation mechanism of the interface was attributed to interdiffusion among AZ91D, A356, and Cu–Ni alloy coating.

     

硬脆材料专用ELID磨削液的研制

本文在已有新型通用ELID磨削液(HDMY-20型)的基础上，根据硬脆材料的磨削特点和ELID磨削过程中磨削液的电解修锐生膜缓蚀作用、结合通用ELID磨削液的研制经验．通过增添表面活性剂、稳定剂、防锈剂、油性极压剂和调整无机盐等成分的比例关系．优化出适合硬脆材料ELID磨削最佳状态的专用ELID磨削液。应用此磨削液磨削硬质合金表面粗糙度可达Ra0．007μm比通用型磨削液磨削的硬质合金Ra值降低了0．005μm。     

Mg-Sr牺牲阳极显微组织和电化学性能的研究

研究了Mg-Sr牺牲阳极的显微组织和电化学性能的特征.结果表明,Mg-Sr牺牲阳极的晶粒尺寸随Sr含量的增加而减小;当Sr质量分数为0.19%时,电流效率达到58.56%,开路电位达到-1.735 VSCE;Sr的质量分数再增加,Mg-Sr阳极的电流效率降低,开路电位正移.研究认为,Sr的质量分数为0.19%时,晶界析出的Mg17Sr2相（弱阴极相）和α-Mg基体（阳极相）组成电偶对,阻碍了阳极晶间腐蚀,减少了晶粒大块脱落, 且Sr能够和Mg、Fe形成弱阴极性化合物降低Fe的危害,电流效率升高,同时晶粒细化,晶界面积变大,杂质相分布更均匀,开路电位负移;Sr含量大于0.19%时,过量的Mg17Sr2相作为阴极相加大了阳极的自腐蚀,电流效率下降,开路电位正移.     

气-电纺PHB引导组织再生膜的仿生矿化研究

实验将PHB通过气流-高压静电纺丝制成无纺膜，利用扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）对其形态和结构进行表征。在体外研究中，分别将无纺膜样本浸入37℃1．5倍仿生体液（SBF）中3、7、14、28d后对其表面形态和结构进行表征。结果表明，气电纺PHB无纺膜由超细纤维交织而成，纤维之间有多孔形成；通过气流一静电纺丝之后，PHB的结晶度及晶体的有序度降低；PHB膜在SBF中浸泡3天之后就有矿化结晶在纤维的表面形成，随着浸泡时间的增长，矿化结晶的数目增加，结晶度也随之增高，XRD及FTIR表明形成的结晶为含有碳酸根的磷灰石晶体。     

5Cr21Mn9Ni4WNb2N奥氏体耐热钢晶界碳化物

5Cr21Mn_9Ni_4WNb_2N耐热钢锻造后在1200℃以上加热时，NbC聚集成大块，在1200℃以下加热时，NbC薄膜（片）的析出倾向随加热温度降低而增大，1130℃及其以下加热时，粒状和细片状M_(23)C_6随加热温度降低而增多，而且NbC块可作为碳源退化成M_(23)C_6颗粒，过高或过低温度的锻造加热，因晶界NbC块过大或晶界NbC薄膜（片）过多而不利于锻造加工。     

一种Cr—Mn—Mo—B低碳低合金钢的热变形行为

利用ＴＨＥＲＭＣＭＡＳＴＯＲ－Ｚ热处理机对一种Ｃｒ－Ｍｎ－Ｍｏ－Ｂ钢的热变形行为进行了研究，绘制了真应力－应变曲线，得到了各变形工艺参数之间的定量关系，得出试验用钢的Ｑ值为３７３．７ｋｊ／ｍｏｌ。在此基础上给出了试验用钢的动态再结晶图，试验发现，试验用钢９００℃以上变形后，在奥氏体区冷过程中发生静态再结晶与晶粒长大，相变前晶粒尺寸与变形条件Ｚ的关系：ｄｒｅｃ＝２．８８×１０＾４×Ｚ＾－０．２０５。     

Oxidation Behavior of a Single-Crystal Ni-Base Superalloy in Air—II: At 1000, 1100, and 1150°C

The oxidation behavior of a single-crystal (SC) Ni-base superalloy was studied over the temperature range from 1000–1150°C and analysed by TGA, XRD, EDAX, and SEM. The results indicated that the SC Ni-base superalloy exhibited parabolic oxidation kinetics, which were controlled by the growth of the inner -Al₂O₃ layer. A mixed scale formed on the SC Ni-base superalloy after prolonged oxidation. The scale consisted of an outer layer of spinel, a sublayer of mainly -Al₂O₃ with small amount of spinel adjoined by a very thin and even discontinuous layer of CrTaO₄-rich oxide, and an inner -Al₂O₃ layer. The inner -Al₂O₃ layer provided good protection. No internal oxides or nitrides were observed below the inner -Al₂O₃ layer after 1000 hr at 1000°C, and after 200 hr at 1100 and 1150°C.