Toward intrusion detection using belief decision trees for big data

Big data refers to datasets that we cannot manage with standard tools and within which lie valuable information previously hidden. New data mining techniques are needed to deal with the increasing size of such data, their complex structure as well as their veracity which is on covering questions of data imperfection and uncertainty. Even though big data veracity is often overlooked, it is very challenging and important for an accurate and reliable mining and knowledge discovery. This paper proposes MapReduce-based belief decision trees for big data as classifiers of uncertain large-scale datasets. The proposed averaging and conjunctive classification approaches are experimented for intrusion detection on KDD’99 massive intrusion dataset. Several granularity attacks’ levels have been considered depending on whether dealing with whole kind of attacks, or grouping them in categories or focusing on distinguishing normal and abnormal connections.     

Deployment and validation of out of band IP traceback approach (OBTA) in wireless mesh network

Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) have acquired recently enormous attention and momentum; therefore, security aspects have been a fundamental concern for them. Among catastrophic threats on WMNs, Denial‐of‐Service attacks that have become a severe danger because of their plug‐and‐play structural design. Unfortunately, preventing a Denial‐of‐Service attack presents a challenging issue. This fact is induced with the appearance of the source IP addresses spoofing. The resolution key of this issue is to reveal the attack source based on the path through which the attack packet passes. For this, many researchers in IP traceability field propose various methods and techniques to deal with the issue. In this article, we conceive a novel approach named out of band IP traceback approach in WMN (IEEE 802.11s). We create a new architecture using signaling messages for discovering the real source(s) of IP packets. Our solution is based on a security‐oriented signaling protocol. This protocol allows specialized signaling entities to communicate via reliable signaling information. This fact permits us to perform a simple and efficient traceback. In our novel approach, we use 2 radios: the first one transmits normal data packets whereas the second is reserved to exchange IP traceback information. The performance of the proposed scheme is analyzed via simulation analysis using the Network Simulator 3. The simulation results show that our scheme is efficient in dealing with the traceback problem in WMN environments.     

Characterization of physicochemical properties of As2Se3–GeTe–AgI chalcohalide glasses for solar cell and IR applications: influence of adding AgI

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics - This work deals with the study of the influence of adding AgI content on the physicochemical properties of...     

Modelling and solution approaches for the interconnected city logistics

Achieving a sustainable delivery of goods in urban areas has become a challenging task for service providers and logistics managers. Under this context, the physical internet (PI) Manifesto offers through its emergent concept of interconnected city logistics (ICL) a solution toward a more sustainable transportation of PI containers within cities. In this article, we explore the operational urban transportation problem of PI containers under ICL considerations. For this variant, built on the multiplicity of urban logistics centres and their interconnection, a comprehensive modelling approach is proposed to include key features such as multiple time periods, multi-zone urban coverage, heterogeneous fleets, multi-trip and multi-hub pickups, and delivery constraints. In order to deal with solvability issues encountered with realistic instances of the problem, a heuristic solution approach is developed. This is done with the objective to come up with solutions offering the best trade-offs between economic and ecological attributes within a short computational time. To validate the approach, a realistic set of instances is built with data inspired from city freight movements in an urban area in France. Using these experiments, the solvability of the model and the performance of our heuristic approach are discussed and managerial insights are derived.     

Integrated production,statistical process control,and maintenance policy for unreliable manufacturing systems

The objective of this paper is to develop an integrated approach for the joint control of production, maintenance and quality for batch manufacturing systems. We consider such systems that are subject to degradation which is at the origin of the production of defective units. The quality control of lots produced is performed using an ‘x-bar’ control chart. This graphical tool will allow estimating the quality of the batch being produced and possibly undertake perfect preventive or corrective maintenance actions on the production system. A buffer stock is built to maintain continuity of supply during maintenance actions. The incurred total cost includes setup cost, inventory costs, the cost of unused products, maintenance costs and quality costs. Decision variables include the buffer stock size, the sample size, the sampling interval, the surveillance and the control limits of the control chart. Numerical experiments and sensitivity analyses are provided to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed control policy and the robustness of the solving approach.     

Characterization of virgin olive oil from Southern Tunisia

Fruits from three Tunisian cultivars of Olea europea L. grown in the southeast of Tunisia were harvested at the maturity stage of ripeness and immediately processed with a laboratory mill. There are as yet no data on the chemical composition of virgin olive oils from the southeast of Tunisia, an area characterized by an arid condition of growth for olive trees. Our results showed significant differences in the analytical parameters examined for the three cultivars such as fatty acid composition, total phenols and o‐diphenols, and the content of chlorophylls and carotenoids, confirming the importance of genetic factors in the chemical characteristics of the oil. Headspace solid‐phase microextraction (HS‐SPME) was applied to the analysis of volatile compounds of virgin olive oils. Forty‐eight compounds were isolated and characterized by GC‐RI and GC‐MS, representing 94.1–98.1% of the total amount. (E)‐Hex‐2‐enal, the main compound extracted by SPME, characterized the olive oil headspace for all samples. So, it was clearly shown that there were qualitative and quantitative differences in the proportion of volatile constituents from oils of the various cultivars.     

New insights into the role of the thumb-like loop in GH-11 xylanases

GH-11 xylanases are highly specific and possess a thumb-shaped loop, a unique structure among enzymes with a jelly-roll scaffold. To investigate this structure, in vitro mutagenesis was performed on a GH-11 xylanase (Tx-Xyl) from Thermobacillus xylanilyticus. Targets were the conserved amino acids Pro(114)-Ser(115)-Ile(116) that are located at the thumb's tip and Thr(121) and Tyr(111), linker residues that connect the thumb to the main enzyme scaffold. Site-saturation mutagenesis provided an active variant that possesses a new triplet (Pro(114)-Gly(115)-Cys(116)), not found in naturally occurring GH-11 xylanases. The k(cat) value for xylan hydrolysis catalysed by this mutant was increased by 20%. Re-positioning of the thumb through the deletion of the linker residues produced different effects. As predicted by in silico analyses, deletion of Thr(121) had drastic consequences on activity, whereas deletion of Tyr(111) only affected (4-fold decrease) k(cat). Finally, deletion mutagenesis was used to create a thumbless variant that was almost catalytically inactive. Fluorescence titration with xylotetraose and xylopentaose revealed that this thumb-deleted xylanase retained the ability to bind substrates. This binding was comparable to that of the wild-type enzyme. Additionally, unlike wild-type Tx-Xyl, the thumb-deleted xylanase efficiently bound cellotetraose, although no cellulose hydrolysing activity was detected. Overall, these data show that the thumb is a key determinant for substrate selection and support previous data that suggest that it plays a role in the catalytic process.     

Real‐time monitoring of laser photochemical reactions of polyvinylchloride

The formation of conjugated double bonds in polyvinylchloride (PVC) films by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is analyzed using an in situ laser‐monitoring technique we have developed to measure changes in transmittance of thin UV‐irradiated PVC films. Conjugated polyenes of different lengths are produced by laser irradiation at 193 and 248‐nm wavelengths. This technique promises to have broader applications in the study of polymer reaction mechanisms and kinetics. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 59–63, 2000     

Ferromagnetic Properties of Ni9S8/MoS2 Hybrid Structure

Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism - Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides have made a tremendous progress during last two decades owing to their use in technologically...     

Effect of Silicon (Si) Seed Priming on Germination and Effectiveness of its Foliar Supplies on Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum) Genotypes under Semi-Arid Environment

Silicon - Silicon (Si), a nutrient that currently arousing more and more interest from researchers, particularly in relation to water deficit resistance for durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. ssp....