Large Charged Drop Levitation Against Gravity

A hybrid electrostatic-acoustic levitator that can levitate and manipulate a large liquid drop in one gravity is presented. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first time such large drops (up to 4 mm in diameter in the case of water) have been levitated against 1-gravity. This makes possible, for the first time, many new experiments both in space and in ground-based laboratories, such as 1) supercooling and superheating, 2) containerless crystal growth from various salt solutions or melts, 3) drop dynamics of oscillating or rotating liquid drops, 4) drop evaporation and Rayleigh bursting, and 5) containerless material processing in space. The digital control system, liquid drop launch process, principles of electrode design, and design of a multipurpose room temperature levitation chamber are described. Preliminary results that demonstrate drop oscillation and rotation, and crystal growth from supersaturated salt solutions are presented.     

三维机织间隔复合材料结构对其力学性能的影响

以玻璃纤维为原料,设计3种不同结构的三维机织间隔织物,采用手糊成型工艺制备三维机织间隔复合材料,研究了其在压缩、剪切、弯曲等载荷作用下的力学特性,并分析了材料结构对其力学性能的影响。结果表明,相同高度(20 mm)、相同间隔(30 mm)的3种三维机织间隔复合材料的压缩强度和剪切强度均表现为:三维纤维间隔复合材料<"X"型间隔复合材料<三维织物间隔复合材料,其压缩强度分别为0.52,0.72,1.66 MPa,剪切强度分别为0.22,0.28,0.36 MPa;3种三维机织间隔复合材料的弯曲强度基本相同,均为4.30 MPa左右。     

Al/Si和B/Na摩尔比对钠钙铝硅系玻璃结构和耐久性的影响(英文)

研发一种新型浮法玻璃对商业平板玻璃领域具有重要意义。通过熔化-退火法制备了2个系列具有不同的Al/Si摩尔比和B/Na摩尔比的Na2O-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系玻璃。采用INVIA共焦显微Raman光谱仪对玻璃结构进行测试,通过Qn(n=1,2,3,4)结构单元的变化、NBO/NBO+BO和NBO/tetrahedron来表征玻璃结构。玻璃耐久性通过电感耦合等离子体光谱仪、光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜进行表征,并测试玻璃在去离子水和混合碱溶液中的失重。研究结果:增加Al/Si摩尔比和B/Na摩尔比,2个系列玻璃中Qn单元分配情况的变化有所不同,NBO/NBO+BO和NBO/tetrahedron均逐渐减小。非桥氧数量的减少同时抑制了钠离子的浸出和骨架结构的溶解。钠含量对玻璃耐久性的影响强于玻璃形成体。     

芳烃原料罐区有机气体回收装置运行问题初探与分析

本文介绍了四川石化65万t·a-1对二甲苯芳烃联合装置配套芳烃原料罐区有机气体回收装置工艺流程简述,主要控制指标、运行状态以及运行过程中出现的问题分析及应对措施。装置运行半年来,操作稳定,外排气体烃含量小于35×10-6,远低于国家设计标准,达到安全环保要求。     

Cr2O3含量对复合封接玻璃的性能影响

采用熔融冷却工艺添加Cr2O3到SB-331封接玻璃粉中制成了复合封接玻璃材料.利用XRD、DSC、润湿角测定仪、氦质谱检漏仪和高阻计等测试手段,研究了Cr2O3填料的含量对复合封接材料物相结构、热性能和封接性能的影响.结果表明:添加Cr2O3能够改变基础玻璃SB-331的非晶态结构,增强析晶倾向并提高热稳定性能,有效改善封接玻璃对铁合金的润湿性能和封接性能.Cr2O3的最佳加入量为25％,耐压性达到120 MPa以上.     

不同地域生土基材料抗压强度试验研究

对于生土建筑,材料提选尤为重要,本研究针对我国生土建筑分布集中的东北、东南、西北、新疆地域的建筑母材进行抗压强度试验,对比各地域生土基材料(黑土、红土、黄土、黄砂土)的差异性.研究表明,不同地域生土基材料的抗压试验P-Δ曲线共性强.但破坏形态不同,不同地域生土基材料立方体强度从小至大依次为,东南红土、新疆黄砂土、东北黑土、西北黄土.可为我国生土建筑母材提选和材料的基本力学性能提供参考.     

A new bubbling extraction tower: Toward liquid–liquid solvent extraction at large aqueous‐to‐oil phase ratios

Enrichment and recovery of valuable components in industrial waste waters by traditional liquid–liquid solvent extraction is not economic due to extremely low concentrations of those targets. Large‐phase‐ratio extraction exhibits potential advantages for recovery of small quantities of target components from large volume of aqueous solutions. A novel bubbling extraction tower is proposed toward performing solvent extraction at large aqueous‐to‐oil phase ratios in this work. Organic extractants were covered onto surface of gas bubbles to form a layer of organic liquid membrane and the dispersed organic phase in tower could be small enough. The target components are extracted from aqueous feed solution onto the surface of the bubbles, and the enrichment ratios could be extremely high. We develop a feasible methodology to calculate tower height and operation phase ratios of the bubbling extraction tower, which is essential for future industrial scale‐up. Experimental results in pilot test are highly consistent with calculations. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: 3889–3897, 2015     

扁平轮胎硫化工艺的有限元分析

以255/30R22轮胎为例,用ABAQUS软件建立有限元模型对硫化过程进行两次模拟,一次不考虑反应热,另一次用子程序HETVAL加载反应热,分别得到两次模拟的温度场,并编写子程序UVARM得到有反应热条件下的硫化程度场。结果表明：轮胎硫化过程中,硫化反应热影响硫化温度曲线的峰值,但对最终温度影响不大;加载反应热能够更好地模拟轮胎真实硫化过程;无论温度场还是硫化程度场,总是薄胶料的值高于厚胶料的值;后硫化作用不容忽视,传统硫化工艺有改进的必要和空间。     

A review on microwell and microfluidic geometric array fabrication techniques and its potential applications in cellular studies

The ability to trap precise quantities of cells or particles into confined areas has numerous applications for biological purposes. In particular, single cell trapping has received considerable attention because it permits the study of heterogeneity in a population, while trapping larger groups of cells have been used to form aggregates. Among several methods, the use of microwell offers a simple platform to capture cells or particles using hydrodynamic forces. This review examines the use of microwells in both static and microfluidic environments, and the application of microfluidic geometric arrays for trapping. This paper discusses the design and fabrication methods of microwells and compares the trapping and release techniques used in both static and microfluidics‐integrated microwells. Finally, we will summarize novel microfluidic geometric arrays used to capture cells or particles through hydrodynamic trapping.