离子膜电解槽的腐蚀情况浅析

介绍了离子膜电解槽在生产运行过程中的腐蚀现象，讨论了产生腐蚀的原因。     

玻璃熔窑采用天然气燃烧的问题探讨

1 前 言 随着国家能源结构的调整,我国天然气产量在不断增加。天然气作为一种清洁、高效的能源,在各领域都得到了充分的发展和利用。随着天然气价格的不断下调,玻璃工业将会越来越广泛地使用天然气。本文主要探讨玻璃熔窑天然气燃烧的有关问题。     

重组G145R HBsAg亲和纯化方法的建立及其应用

目的建立重组乙型肝炎病毒G145R变异HBsAg抗体亲和纯化方法。方法用抗-HBs单克隆抗体(D12- McAb)制备亲和层析胶,对2A8细胞(分泌G145R变异HBsAg)培养上清盐析物进行亲和纯化。采用SDS-PAGE、Western blot及ELISA,对纯化产物的纯度、特异性、含量和回收率进行鉴定,并与同法纯化的HBsAg阳性血清及r-wHBsAg提取物进行比较。结果D12-McAb对重组真核表达G145R变异HBsAg、HBsAg阳性血清及r-wHBsAS三者具有相似的亲和性,产物纯度分别为90.3%、95.2%和93.1%,回收率分别为43.3%、72.0%和66.4%。结论已成功地建立了重组G145R变异HBsAg抗体亲和纯化方法,为G145R变异以及其他HBV免疫逃逸变异感染的深入研究奠定了重要的技术基础。     

湿式氧化处理乙烯裂解废碱液

文章研究了WAO处理乙烯裂解废碱液的方法。在2L高压釜中进行了乙烯废碱液的湿式氧化实验研究，重点考察了反应温度、停留时间对乙烯废碱液中COD、S^2-,酚的含量的影响。结果表明，湿式氧化处理乙烯裂解废碱液是可行的，处理后污水中COD、S^2-,酚的去除率分别达到40％、98％和30％，达到了排放标准。     

Consolidation of Nano-Sized TiN Powders by Spark Plasma Sintering

Nano-sized TiN powders with an average particle size of 19 nm were synthesized via a new method, reduction–nitridation reaction in liquid ammonia. A consolidation procedure using spark plasma sintering (SPS) was used, and a dense TiN ceramic (>98% of theoretical) with mean grain size of 100–150 nm was obtained at 1380°C. The influence of sintering temperature on grain growth and microstructural evolution was also discussed.     

Preparation of Titanium Nitride/Alumina Laminate Composites

A preparation route for TiN/Al₂O₃ laminate composites has been described. A water-based process using Al₂O₃ and TiN slurries with solids contents of 40 and 35 vol%, respectively, was used to make TiN and Al₂O₃ tapes. The removal of the binder was monitored by weight-loss measurements in a thermogravimetry unit. Bodies composed of Al₂O₃ and TiN tapes were densified at temperatures of 1400° and 1500°C using the Spark Plasma Sintering^® (SPS) technique. Densities of >98% of the theoretical densities were approached. Crack-free and almost fully densified TiN/Al₂O₃ compacts were prepared by heating the burned-out green bodies to the final sintering temperature (1500°C) at a rate of 100°C/min, and with a holding time of 5–10 min, under a pressure of 75 MPa. The microstructures of the obtained compacts were studied using scanning electron microscopy. Grain sizes in the sintered Al₂O₃ and TiN compacts were similar to those of the precursor powders. Hardness and indentation fracture toughness were measured at room temperature, and the monolithic compacts as well as the laminate composites exhibited anisotropic mechanical behavior; i.e., the cracks propagated much more easily in a direction parallel to the laminas than perpendicular to them.     

悬浮污泥过滤工艺在油田污水深度处理中的应用

对大庆油田石英砂过滤器结构进行改造,并应用悬浮污泥过滤技术对油田污水进行了深度处理,试验取得了良好的处理效果.改造后的石英砂过滤器在进水悬浮物质量浓度为40～63 mg/L时,出水悬浮物质量浓度小于10 mg/L,平均去除率为81.8%,比改造前提高了33.3%;在进水油质量浓度为79～119 mg/L时,出水油质量浓度小于10 mg/L,平均去除率为92.9%,比改造前提高了21.2%.通过悬浮污泥过滤工艺处理后,出水悬浮物质量浓度小于2 mg/L,出水油质量浓度小于3 mg/L,滤出水悬浮物去除率达到96.4%,油去除率达到97.0%,水质均达到油田回注水标准.     

超声波/铁-炭微电解耦合处理直接大红4BE染料废水

对超声波/铁-炭微电解耦合处理直接大红4BE染料废水进行了研究。结果表明,超声波与铁-炭微电解耦合可产生协同效应,4BE染料废水的去除率可超过90%,理论分析了协同机理。4BE染料废水的去除过程经历了快反应和慢反应两个阶段,两阶段均符合零级动力学模型,速率常数分别为3.56×10-2nmol/min和3.88×10-3nmol/min。反应主要受到溶液pH的影响,pH为2.4时有利于4BE的去除。     

Catalytic characteristics of various rubber-reinforcing carbon blacks in decomposition of methane for hydrogen production

Carbon black has recently been reported to act as an effective catalyst for methane decomposition and to exhibit stable catalytic behavior despite carbon deposition, and thus it can be used for CO₂-free production of hydrogen from natural gas. In this work, various carbon blacks with different primary particle size were investigated with respect to methane decomposition under atmospheric pressure from 1123 to 1223 K. Catalytic characteristics, such as activity, activation energy and reaction order, were investigated and compared. It was observed that with decreasing primary particle size (or increasing specific surface area), the specific activity increased and the activation energy decreased. The reaction orders for various pelletized, rubber-reinforcing carbon blacks were 0.6–0.7, about the same regardless of the primary particle size, while they were near 1 for fluffy carbon blacks. Fluffy carbon black showed higher activity and activation energy than the pelletized carbon black of the same primary particle size. Changes of the surface morphology during carbon deposition were observed by TEM. Variations of the number of active sites were discussed in regard of the primary particle size, carbon deposition and binder. The presence of different types of active sites was also suggested.     

模具对振动注射成型制件作用效应的初步研究

采用自制的振动试验台，分别安装两个不同的试样模具，使用了不同的聚合物材料，在不同的温度，压力下变化不同的振动频率和振幅进行实验，研究了聚合物熔体在振动场中注射成型时，成型模具对聚合物振动成型效应的作用。结果表明，模具浇口及型腔尺寸不同。振动注射制件的强度不同；模具型腔尺寸大振动产生的效应弱。型腔小振动产生的效应强。