酚酸类化合物研究进展

酚酸类化合物作为次生代谢而产物,广泛的存在于自然界中多种植物中,其功能也跟人们的生活息息相关。人们对酚酸类化合物的认识由来已久,酚酸类化合物在现代的各行各业都有重要作用。特别是在医药领域,因酚酸类化合物具有抗炎、抗氧化、降血脂等作用,受到了研究者的关注。作者就目前植物中各类酚酸类化合物的提取、分离及其生物活性研究进行了综述。     

UV-curable polyurethane acrylate–Ag/TiO2 nanocomposites with superior UV light antibacterial activity

Polyurethane acrylate (PUA)–Ag/TiO₂ nanocomposites were synthesized through in situ polymerization. The well-dispersed Ag/TiO₂ nanorods serve as photoinitiator. Meanwhile, the PUA–Ag/TiO₂ nanocomposite films exhibit superior activity toward the photocatalytic degradation of Escherichia coli under UV light. The excellent UV curing and antibacterial activities can be ascribed to the synergistic effect of Ag and TiO₂, which promotes the effective electron/hole separation and thus generates various reactive species. Thin films with these nanoparticles are more hydrophilic after UV illumination. And the antibacterial mechanism of the UV-curable PUA–Ag/TiO₂ nanocomposites was proposed.     

甲烷化技术国产化研究进展

甲烷化是焦炉气制天然气、煤制天然气生产流程的关键步骤,为打破国外技术垄断,国内研究机构积极进行技术开发。系统梳理了甲烷化技术的国产化研究进展,分析了焦炉气甲烷化技术的应用现状,探讨煤制天然气甲烷化技术的应用前景,并就降低首次工程应用风险提出几点建议。国内甲烷化技术已经实现广泛开发,焦炉气甲烷化技术成功实现工业化应用,其国内市场占有率高于国外技术。煤制天然气甲烷化技术已成功开发,工业化应用前景广阔,首次工程应用时应注重经验借鉴、安全分析及设备选型等。     

低阶煤分质利用转化路线的现状分析及展望

为系统了解国内低阶煤分质利用的产物应用现状和技术发展趋势,介绍了低阶煤分质利用的工艺路线与转化路径,并对煤炭热解产生的3种主要产物(煤焦油、热解煤气、半焦)及其工业化应用现状作了阐述。总结了煤焦油、热解煤气和半焦的利用去向,并剖析了低阶煤分质利用目前存在的关键技术问题,提出了未来重点研究方向,还对发展前景进行了展望。通过分析,认为依据我国煤炭资源的分布、低阶煤的储量及其特点,以及国家对煤炭能源政策的引导,在攻克众多共性关键难题的情况下,低阶煤分质利用宜作为上游工序,同时下游配套煤-电-化一体化项目,这种园区项目组团模式的煤炭分质清洁利用将是实现低阶煤利用互利共赢的最佳方式。     

Magneto‐optical effects of Ge‐Ga‐Sb(In)‐S chalcogenide glasses with diamagnetic responses

The Faraday effects of Ge‐Ga‐Sb(In)‐S serial chalcogenide glasses were investigated at the wavelengths of 635, 808, 980, and 1319 nm, respectively. The compositional dependences were analyzed and associated influencing factors including the absorption edge, the concentration of Sb³⁺/In³⁺ ions, and the wavelength dispersion of refraction index were discussed. 80GeS₂·20Sb₂S₃ composition glass was found to have the largest Verdet constant (V=0.253, 0.219, 0.149, and 0.065 min·G^?1·cm^?1 for wavelengths 635, 808, 980, and 1319 nm, respectively) in these glasses, which is larger than that of commercial diamagnetic glasses (Schott, SF 6, V=0.069 min·G^?1·cm^?1@633 nm, for example). Sb³⁺ ions with high polarizability possessing s²‐sp electron jumps involving ¹S₀→¹P₁, ³P_0,1,2 transitions are responsible for large Verdet constant, and Becquerel rule is proved to be an effective guidance for estimating the Verdet constant and further optimizing the compositions in chalcogenide glasses.     

不同钛含量TAPO-5分子筛的制备及催化环己酮氨肟化

以氢氧化铝、正磷酸和钛酸四异丙酯为原料,N-甲基二环己基胺为模板剂,采用水热晶化法合成一系列具有不同Ti含量的TAPO-5分子筛,通过XRD、N_2物理吸附-脱附、DR UV-Vis和XRF分别对分子筛结构、织构性质、Ti的存在状态以及Ti含量等进行表征。结果表明,TAPO-5分子筛为微孔-介孔材料,其中,Ti以骨架、非骨架和锐钛矿相3种形式存在;随着Ti含量增加,3种形式的Ti含量均增加,伴随着TAPO-5分子筛的结晶度、比表面积和孔容降低。环己酮氨肟化结果表明,随着Ti含量增加,环己酮转化率和环己酮肟选择性逐渐提高,当Ti质量分数为14.8%时,环己酮转化率和环己酮肟选择性分别为92.5%和95.4%,优于目前过渡金属掺杂磷酸铝分子筛催化环己酮氨肟化的最佳结果。     

基础-任务驱动模式在《微生物学基础》实验教学中的改革初探

任务驱动是高职教育正在推广的教、学、做一体化的一种教学模式,能激发学生的思维,发挥学生的主动性及与教师之间的深层次沟通。基础实验则有助于学生掌握微生物学基础实验技术与技能,为任务驱动教学的顺利展开奠定基础。在《微生物学基础》实验教学过程中进行基础-任务驱动模式教学,教学效果显著,学生综合技能大有提高。     

高酸性环境油田地面工程合金钢材料的选择

本文主要描述了在高含H2S、高含氯化物油田开采和设计过程中奥氏体不锈钢、双相不锈钢、镍基合金钢和钛合金钢材料选择的技术要求,强调了在高H2S和氯化物的酸性环境中的合金钢的选材不但要考虑硫化物应力开裂(SSC),同时要考虑氯化物的应力腐蚀开裂和氯化物的点蚀等因素。     

Synthesis of a Green Fuel Additive Over Cation Resins

The synthesis of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE_n), being green diesel fuel additives, from dimethoxymethane (DMM) and paraformaldehyde over three different cation resins, namely NKC‐9, D001‐CC, and D72, in a stirred‐autoclave reactor was investigated. The pore size distribution and surface area were measured with nitrogen adsorption‐desorption. NKC‐9 had a larger exchange capacity, better developed porosity structure, and higher reaction activity than D001‐CC and D72. The effects of reaction temperature, DMM/CH₂O molar ratio, reaction time, and catalyst loading were studied with NKC‐9. A possible mechanism was explored to describe the bond reorganizations during the reactions.     

Effect of BBS‐Based Frit on the Low Temperature Sintering and Electrical Properties of KNN Lead‐Free Piezoceramics

Using BaO–B₂O₃–SiO₂ (BBS)‐based frit as sintering aid, the K_0.49Na_0.51NbO₃ (KNN) + x wt% BBS (x = 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5) lead‐free piezoelectric ceramics were successfully fabricated by solid‐state reaction method under low‐sintering temperature of 1000°C. The effect of BBS frit doping amount on the structure and electrical properties of the ceramics was investigated. The KNN ceramics with 1.5 wt% BBS frit showed optimal properties as follows: piezoelectric constant d₃₃ = 108 pC/N, planar electromechanical coupling coefficient k_p = 41%, mechanical quality factor Q_m = 225, relative dielectric constant ε_r = 410, dielectric loss tanδ = 0.57% and Curie temperature T_c = 400°C. This ceramic sample should be a good lead‐free candidate for actuators or high temperature sensors application due to its ultra‐low tanδ, relatively high Q_m and T_c.