颜料——涂料的重要组成部分

颜料是涂料的重要组成部分，本文简要介绍了颜料的作用和性质。     

3 200 t/d生产线氨逃逸理论值与实测值的对比分析

对某3?200 t/d水泥生产线的氮氧化物和氨逃逸情况进行了实际测试,并计算了C1出口和窑尾烟囱的理论氨逃逸值。结果表明,氨逃逸理论计算值与实测值存在较大差异,理论计算值高于实测值,氨的氧化率和粉尘浓度、水分等是实测值与理论值存在差异的主要原因,氨水用量和分解炉出口NOx浓度是影响氨逃逸理论计算结果的主要因素。     

天然胶乳和硅橡胶气囊导尿管的成型工艺与应用

气囊导尿管广泛应用于临床医疗,对比天然胶乳与硅橡胶气囊导尿管的性能、成型工艺和应用。天然胶乳具有优异的综合性能,采用多次浸渍工艺可制作各种规格和型号的气囊导尿管,但天然胶乳制品生物相容性差,天然胶乳气囊导尿管临床上存在过敏症、亚硝胺诱导致癌和残留硝酸钙刺激等安全风险。硅橡胶气囊导尿管临床上生物相容性和安全性较好,置留时间较长,但价格相对偏高。两种气囊导尿管各有市场需求,预计硅橡胶气囊导尿管将逐渐替代天然胶乳气囊导尿管。     

Flow regime identification in horizontal pneumatic conveying by nonintrusive acoustic emission detection

This work investigated flow regimes identification in horizontal pneumatic conveying from the scope of particle motions based on acoustic emission detection. Results showed that the variation of acoustic energy and acoustic energy fraction could be used to identify the transition between suspension flow and stratified flow. Near the transition point, the acoustic energy was maximum, and the energy fraction of particle-wall collision mutated at high mass fluxes. Furthermore, the fluctuation distribution index (FI) was constructed learning from the concept of polymer molecular weight distribution index, and the “circumferential fluctuation difference (D)” was defined. Based on this, new identification criteria and flow regime diagram were established. In suspension flow, D >0. In stratified flow, D <0. While in slug flow, D ≈ 0. According to these criteria, flow regimes can be identified independently of changing trends of measurement parameters. The universality of above criteria was further verified under different operating conditions.     

Surface shape development of the pitch lap under the loading of the conditioner in continuous polishing process

Continuous polishing using the pitch lap is a key process in finishing large flat optical elements. The optical elements’ surface figure is primarily dependent on the surface shape of the pitch lap, which is controlled by a large-size conditioner. However, underlying fundamentals of the process control is not yet clear, and it remains empirical and nondeterministic to date. In this study, a novel analysis model is proposed for exploring the surface shape development of the pitch lap under the conditioner loading. The analysis model divides the polishing time into a series of segments, in which the shape variation of the pitch lap due to viscoelastic creep is derived from the pressure distribution at the conditioner-lap contact interface. Further, a contact model of the lap and conditioner is built to obtain the pressure distribution at the interface, and a novel creep model is proposed for the viscoelastic behavior of the pitch lap under the pressure. The analysis model combined with the contact and viscoelastic models can be used to explore the pitch lap shape development under various conditions and hence reveal the underlying fundamentals of controlling the lap shape by the conditioner.     

LNG接收站腐蚀情况分析

我国 LNG接收站大多位于沿海地带,长期处于高湿、高盐雾环境,按照 ISO12944大气腐蚀环境分类属于 C4或 C5-M等级。随着 LNG接收站运营年限延长,其腐蚀问题逐渐凸显。本文介绍了 LNG接收站工艺、用材、运行介质、原有防腐措施等,在此基础上分析了 LNG接收站常见腐蚀问题,并对其原因进行了分析,为 LNG接收站新站防腐设计和运营维护工作提供参考。     

磷酸脲母液制备工业级磷酸二氢铵工艺研究

湿法磷酸制备磷酸脲过程中会副产大量磷酸脲母液,母液含有金属杂质及五氧化二磷含量较高。采用溶剂萃取法回收磷酸脲母液中五氧化二磷制备工业级磷酸二氢铵（MAP）,分别考察了包括萃取、洗涤、中和、精制、结晶等工艺流程对产品收率及纯度的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件：萃取相比（有机相与水相体积比）=3:1,萃取时间为5 min,萃取温度为50 ℃,洗涤相比（有机相与洗涤剂体积比）=10:1,中和pH为4.5,复合酸性萃取剂PO8皂化率为20%,精制相比（萃取剂与水相体积比）=1:1,浓缩比为1.36,结晶温度为30 ℃。在该条件下制备的工业级MAP纯度可达99.45%,母液中五氧化二磷回收率为85.34%。该工艺对环境友好,原料中五氧化二磷回收率高,具有较高的经济效益。     

Fe_2O_3/FeVO_4新型光催化剂的制备及光催化性能

采用液相沉淀法制备新型FecO2/FeVO4光催化剂,研究不同Fe掺杂量和煅烧温度对Fe2O3/FeVO4光催化活性的影响.以甲基橙水溶液为光催化降解对象,考察掺杂后的样品在紫外和可见光作用下的光催化活性.结果表明:当Fe/V摩尔比为1.01:1,750℃煅烧4h制得的样品光催化活性最好,较纯FeVO4提高19%左右.实验确定了样品光催化甲基橙溶液的最佳投加量为4 g/L,100 min内对甲基橙溶液的脱色率达到82%.同时样品具有很好的重复利用性,循环使用5次后,样品的光催化效率仍能保持在80%左右.     

联合电催化氧化处理难降解有机废水研究进展

介绍了难降解有机废水的各种联合电催化氧化处理技术,主要包括:光电催化氧化技术、超声-电催化氧化技术、臭氧电催化氧化技术、电催化-生物反应技术、膜过滤电催化氧化技术.讨论了联合电催化氧化技术各自的特点、优势与不足.分析表明,联合电催化氧化技术在废水处理上具有协同作用.通过电催化材料和工艺技术的研究,有可能实现电催化氧化技术的产业化.     

底涂剂对密封胶粘附性的影响

在航空制造业中,由于XM－22密封剂具有良好的耐油性、粘附性与密封性、因此经常作为密封材料被用于产品的缝内、缝外密封,以确保产品的密封效果。但是,在XM－22密封剂实际应用中,有时会因阳极化处理后的铝合金型材停放时间过长,导致型材表面受到污染,严重地影响型材与密封剂之间的粘附性,形成粘接不良,进而使产品的密封质量和使用性降低。为了解决XM－22密封剂与阳极化处理的铝合金之间的粘附问题,我们采用北京航空材料研究院研制的NJD－1底涂剂作为偶联剂,用来增加密封剂与材料间的粘附性,提高产品密封质量。通过一系列试验、测试,证明NJD－1粘接底涂剂在XM－22密封产品上应用效果良好。