超临界N_2微孔发泡PA6的制备及性能研究

采用超临界N2微孔发泡注射成型方法制备微孔发泡尼龙(PA)6材料,研究了注射温度、成核剂含量对泡孔密度、直径的影响。采用扫描电子显微镜考察了注射温度对泡孔大小、密度以及分布的影响。结果表明,随着注射温度的升高,泡孔直径变大,泡孔密度减小;成核剂含量增加泡孔密度变大,成核剂到达一定含量后泡孔密度增大不显著,成核剂含量对泡孔直径无显著影响。     

Synthesis,characterization, and properties of acrylate‐modified tung‐oil waterborne insulation varnish

An acrylate‐modified tung‐oil waterborne insulation varnish was synthesized from tung oil, maleic anhydride, and acrylates via a Diels–Alder reaction and free‐radical polymerization, and the varnish could be solidified at a relatively low temperature with blocked hexamethylene diisocyanate as a curing agent. The resulting films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. The insulation properties (electrical insulation strength, volume resistivity, and surface resistivity) of the varnish films were tested, and the resistances of films to salted water were evaluated. With an increase in the maleic anhydride content, the thermal stability of the film was improved, whereas the electrical insulation strength, volume resistivity, and surface resistivity decreased. The electrical insulation strength of the film after it was immersed in the NaCl solution was lower than that in dry state, and it decreased as the immersed time was prolonged. In particular, the electrical insulation strength loss of the film increased significantly at maleic anhydride contents beyond 25 wt %. Furthermore, the hardness of the film increased with increasing methyl methacrylate/N‐butyl acrylate ratio, whereas the flexibility and adhesion of film decreased to a certain degree at the same time. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41608.     

Characteristics of hemicelluloses obtained from sweet sorghum based on successive extractions

Hemicelluloses were successively extracted from sweet sorghum by hot water, dioxane, DMSO, and different concentrations of NaOH between 0.5% and 6.0%. The yields of the seven fractions together accounted for 88.6% of the original hemicelluloses. The obtained hemicellulosic subfractions were comprehensively investigated by both destructive methods such as alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation and acid hydrolysis and nondestructive techniques such as gel permeation chromatography, Fourier‐transform infrared, ¹³C‐nuclear magnetic resonance, and 2D‐heteronuclear singular quantum correlation. Sugar composition studies showed that the water‐soluble polysaccharides consisted mainly of glucose, while xylose, arabinose, and glucuronic acid were the major sugars in other hemicellulosic fractions. It was found that the hemicelluloses from sweet sorghum were l‐ arabino‐(4‐O‐methyl‐d‐ glucurono)‐xylans. Comparison with the hemicellulosic fractions dissolved by the alkali treatment, the hemicellulosic fraction extracted by DMSO had lower molecular weight. In addition, it was also found that the hemicelluloses prepared by dioxane and DMSO were more branched since that they had higher nonxylose/xylose ratios than those extracted by the alkali treatment, which were more linear and contained higher amounts xylose. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42790.     

Male-Produced Aggregation Pheromone of Coffee Bean Weevil, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Araecerus fasciculatus</Emphasis>

The coffee bean weevil (CBW), Araecerus fasciculatus (De Geer, 1775), is a cosmopolitan stored-product pest, especially in tropical and subtropical areas. Previous reports showed evidence for aggregation behavior of CBW and this study aimed to identify and evaluate the aggregation pheromone of this pest. Whole-body solvent extractions were analyzed by coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and comparison of male and female extracts showed a male-specific compound which was identified as squalene, 2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22-tetracosahexaene. This compound was shown to attract male and female CBW in Y-tube olfactometer and storage trap assays. The longevity of septum lures was also evaluated in a warehouse. Squalene could be useful in monitoring and controlling this pest.     

冲孔落料折弯复合模设计

介绍了在冲孔落料后用可滑动折弯凹模与可滑动折弯凸模相结合对薄片形件进行弯边，模具结构简单、巧妙，对同类产品具有一定的借鉴作用。     

Si3N4／SiCp复相陶瓷材料的研究进展

概述了ＳｉＣ颗粒弥散强化Ｓｉ３Ｎ４陶瓷的研究近况,着重讨论了ＳｉＣ粒子的数量和尺寸对Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／ＳｉＣｐ复相陶瓷材料显微结构和力学性能的影响,并简要介绍了Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／ＳｉＣｐ复相陶瓷材料的烧结机理和ＳｉＣｐ的掺入对材料可烧结性的影响。     

用核磁共振法研究微生物凝固天然橡胶硫化过程交联密度的变化

采用核磁共振交联密度仪,考察了微生物凝固天然橡胶在硫化过程交联密度(XLD),网链含量(AMc),自由小分子含量(AT2)以及相邻交联点间的质量(Mc)的动态变化规律。结果表明,硫化初期,XLD和AMc随硫化时间增加急剧增大,但t50后增速降低,并逐步趋于稳定。与AMc相反,自由悬挂链末端及活动性强的小分子等部分的含量(AT2)随着硫化时间的增加而降低,并逐步趋于稳定。橡胶交联点间的相对分子质量(Mc)与交联密度成反比。     

浅淡宜兴紫砂花货塑器艺术造型

简要分析了宜兴紫砂花货塑器艺术造型的特点,概述了紫砂陶手工成型的制作方法及其精加工过程。     

微弧氧化Mg-3Al-1Zn镁合金应力腐蚀和腐蚀疲劳行为研究

本文主要对微弧氧化Mg-3Al-1Zn镁合金在空气和3.5 wt.%硫酸钠溶液两种环境下的应力腐蚀和腐蚀疲劳行为进行研究,并讨论其相互关系。微弧氧化处理后,Mg-3Al-1Zn镁合金的耐蚀性能得到明显改善。与Mg-3Al-1Zn镁合金基体相比,在空气中,微弧氧化后合金的应力腐蚀和腐蚀疲劳强度均下降了大约10 MPa。在3.5 wt.%硫酸钠溶液环境中,微弧氧化后合金的腐蚀疲劳性能仍然是恶化的,但是应力腐蚀强度却得到了显著改善,从58.24 MPa提高至202.08 MPa。这表明材料的力学性能（应力腐蚀和腐蚀疲劳）并不是与其腐蚀性能完全保持线性关系的。微弧氧化处理后镁合金在空气中的应力腐蚀断口为韧性断裂,在硫酸钠溶液环境中为解理断裂。而其腐蚀疲劳断口不论是在空气中还是在腐蚀环境中均为解理断裂。这主要是由于腐蚀环境和变换循环载荷的影响,两者共同作用将会加速裂纹扩展。这表明,周围环境和加载类型对材料断裂机理有重要影响。     

飞机加油模拟系统设计及试验

以飞机加油系统要求的加油压力指标为输入,设计并研制了一套地面加油模拟系统及其控制系统,进行了试验台综合试验。采用旁路分流和串联节流的方式,基于电液伺服调节方法实现加油压力和流量闭环控制。上位机采用LabVIEW软件及信号调理系统完成数据的采集、处理和输出,利用PID控制算法实现过程控制。基于负载模拟和两路压力闭环控制通道切换的方法,使加油压力在地面得以稳压,在加油接头处具备良好的精度和稳定性。给出了几组阶跃响应和冲击响应试验曲线,结果表明:该加油模拟系统能够提供飞机要求的加油压力,其控制精度满足设计指标要求。