CFRP加固实心粘土砖轴心受压柱的试验研究

采用碳纤维布分别对未加载及加载至破坏的实心粘土砖柱进行环包加固,通过试验研究了碳纤维环箍加固的轴心受压实心粘土砖柱极限承载力的提高幅度及其受力性能,并对其受力特点及影响其承载力、延性的因素进行分析。试验结果表明,碳纤维布提供的紧箍力使实心粘土砖柱的强度和延性都得到较大提高。碳纤维布的轻质高强、耐腐蚀等特性使其可以应用在历史性砖砌体建筑的加固工程中。     

Directional solidification casting technology of heavy-duty gas turbine blade with liquid metal cooling (LMC) process

In this work, some important factors such as ceramic shell strength, heat preservation temperature, standing time and withdrawal rate, which influence the formability of directionally solidified large-size blades of heavy-duty gas turbine with the liquid metal cooling(LMC) process, were studied through the method of microstructure analysis combining. The results show that the ceramic shell with medium strength(the high temperature flexural strength is 8 MPa, the flexural strength after thermal shock resistance is 12 MPa and the residual flexural strength is 20 MPa) can prevent the rupture and runout of the blade. The appropriate temperature(1,520 ℃ for upper region and 1,500 ℃ for lower region) of the heating furnace can eliminate the wide-angle grain boundary, the deviation of grain and the run-out caused by the shell crack. The holding time after pouring(3-5 min) can promote the growth of competitive grains and avoid a great deviation of columnar grains along the crystal orientation 001, resulting in a straight and uniform grain structure. In addition, to avoid the formation of wrinkles and to ensure a smooth blade surface, the withdrawal rate should be no greater than the growth rate of grain. It is also found that the dendritic space of the blade decreases with the rise of solidification rate, and increases with the enlarging distance between the solidification position and the chill plate.     

Enhanced sound absorption properties of porous ceramics modified by graphene oxide films

Under the condition of constant thickness, improving the low-frequency sound absorption performance of conventional sound-absorbing materials is a challenging research topic. To address this issue, a new reduced graphene oxide/polyvinyl alcohol (RGO/PVA) porous composite ceramic was fabricated using freeze-drying and optimized by redesigning the internal connecting pores of porous ceramic matrixes with a reticular microstructure using RGO and PVA. The as-prepared porous structure showed significant enhancement in the low-frequency sound absorption band compared with pristine porous ceramics. In addition, the hybrid porous ceramics exhibited low thermal conductivity. These favorable properties indicate that the hybrid sound-absorbing ceramics have potential application prospects for noise reduction in the fields of construction and electrical and mechanical devices.     

The fabrication of porous mullite ceramics based on the different sizes of aluminum hydroxide

In this research, for studying the influence of size and heat treatment temperature of initial Al(OH)₃ on the physical properties of porous mullite ceramics, porous mullite ceramics were prepared by in situ reaction sintering of amorphous silica and treated Al(OH)₃. The transition phases χ-Al₂O₃, к-Al₂O₃, and stable phase α-Al₂O₃ can be obtained in turn when the treatment temperature of raw Al(OH)₃ is 500, 1000, and 1500°C, respectively. The coarser the raw Al(OH)₃, the higher the strength of porous mullite ceramics. When the sintering temperature is 1500°C, the bending strengths of PS500-C, PS1000-C, and PS1500-C (PSx-C represents that the specimen was prepared by the coarse grade Al(OH)_3, which was previously treated at x°C) are 40.3 ± 2.1, 54.9 ± 5.2, and 64.8 ± 4.8 MPa, respectively. In addition, although the activated Al₂O₃ can decrease the formation temperature (∼100°C) of porous mullite ceramics, the strength and density of porous mullite ceramics prepared by activated Al₂O₃ will decrease at the same sintering temperature. It is believed that the increase of defects and pores during the phase transformation should be responsible for this phenomenon.     

用AspenPlus模拟分析和优化多晶硅合成工段洗涤塔

利用AspenPlus模拟分析了三氯氢硅合成洗涤塔,利用灵敏度工具分析了摩尔回流比对洗涤塔操作的影响,还利用优化分析工具对进料温度进行了分析。经对洗涤塔的模拟分析,建议实际运行采用适宜的较小回流比操作,可提高氯硅烷的回收率,还可降低再沸器的供热,甚至可取消它,有效避免硅粉和金属氯化物对其的严重磨蚀和腐蚀,同时还可减少冷凝器所需的冷量,降低多晶硅生产中的操作成本。     

超前扩展点的诱导

用人为的方法,在表面温度高于T1时产生超前扩展点的做法叫做超前扩展点的诱导.用液态介质中冷却的四阶段理论分析指出:通过诱导产生超前扩展点可以克服自然超前扩展点的随机性,可以提高工件获得的冷却速度,还可以减小工件上的冷却速度差异.提出了两种诱导超前扩展点的方法:诱导锥法和冲液法.用实际的诱导试验演示了这两种方法的诱导效果.超前扩展点的诱导将成为精细淬火冷却技术中的一项基本方法.     

钨铑靶立体定位在乳腺病变穿刺中的应用价值

【摘要】 目的 探讨全数字化钨铑靶乳腺机三维立体定位系统在乳腺病变穿刺活检术中的应用价值。方法 对102例乳腺摄影发现病变的患者均行乳腺X线下三维立体定位穿刺,抽取部分组织进行活检,结合病理结果进行分析。结果 102例三维立体定位穿刺中,一次性准确定位穿刺97例,成功率为95%,3例定位穿刺多次,另有1例因乳房厚度小于射程,穿刺点无法准确选取。病理结果乳腺癌63例,占61.8%,乳腺良性病变39例,占38.2%。结论 全数字化钨铑靶乳腺机三维立体定位穿刺术,具有操作简便,安全可靠,定位精确,成功率高等优点,能较早地明确乳腺病变的定性诊断,尤其对临床未触及肿块、超声阴性的早期乳腺癌具有重要的临床价值。
     

急性心肌梗死并发心房颤动／心房扑动对近、中期预后的影响

目的评价急性心肌梗死（AMI ）并发心房颤动（房颤）／心房扑动（房扑）对患者近、中期临床预后的影响。方法２００１年１月至２００５年１２月确诊的AMI 患者２９７例,分为房颤／房扑动组（３３例）和无房颤／房扑组（２６４例）。比较两组３０d及６个月内病死率、Killip分级、心源性休克、心律失常发生情况。以多普勒心脏超声测定患者AMI 后６个月的左室射血分数（LVEF）。结果房颤／房扑组与无房颤／房扑组比较:年龄大、CPK峰值高、心源性休克率高、既往发生过心肌梗死者比例高、入院时心功能Killip分级Ⅰ级比例低,多支血管病变率高,LVEF＜４０％比例高（P＜０．０５）;与无房颤／房扑组比较,房颤／房扑组３０d内及６个月病死率、心源性休克、恶性室性心律失常、再发心肌缺血率、再梗死率明显增高（P＜０．０５）;二组LVEF比较差异有统计学意义（P＜０．０５）。结论AMI 并发房颤／房扑的患者其近中期病死率明显增加。     

耦合边界条件下蜂窝陶瓷传热及气体流动特性的数值模拟

通过建立蜂窝陶瓷传热及气体流动的三维非稳态模型,运用计算流体力学(CFD)软件,在耦合边界条件下对蜂窝陶瓷的工作过程进行数值模拟,得到了启动过程中蜂窝陶瓷热端和冷端的气体温度及压力变化规律,以及稳定工作期内蜂窝陶瓷内气体温度、速度和压力的分布规律。为采用蜂窝陶瓷作为蓄热体的高温空气燃烧技术的开发提供了一定的理论依据和指导。     

Synthesis and Characterization of Lauryl Trimethyl Ammonium Surfactants with New Counteranion Types

A new family of lauryl trimethyl ammonium surfactants of the general formula CH₃(CH₂)₁₁ N⁺(CH₃)₃X^? (X = CH₃OCOO, HCOO, CH₃COO, CH₃CHOHCOO) were prepared and characterized both structurally and as aqueous surfactants. Lauryl trimethyl ammonium mono-methyl carbonate was synthesized by using dimethyl carbonate (DMC) as the alkylating agent and lauryl dimethyl amine as the starting material. The latter compound was reacted with formic acid, acetic acid, and lactic acid, respectively, to give the corresponding quaternary ammonium salts with other counteranions. They were structurally characterized by IR, ¹H NMR, MS. Members of this family reduced the surface tension of water to 32–38 mN/m at concentration levels of 10^?2 mol/L.