Ice-Templated,Large-Area Silver Nanowire Pattern for Flexible Transparent Electrode

Flexible transparent electrodes are critically important for the emerging flexible and stretchable electronic and optoelectronic devices. To this end, transparent polymer films coated with silver nanowires (AgNWs) have been intensively studied in the past decade. However, it remains a grand challenge to achieve both high conductivity and transmittance in large-area films, mainly due to the poor alignment of AgNWs and their high junction resistance. Here, the successful attempt to realize large-area AgNW patterns on various substrates by a 2D ice-templating approach is reported. With a relatively low dosage of AgNWs (4 µg·cm⁻²), the resulted flexible electrode simultaneously achieves high optical transmittance (≈91%) and low sheet resistance (20 Ω·sq⁻¹). In addition, the electrode exhibits excellent durability during cyclic bending (≈10 000 times) and stretching (50% strain). The potential applications of the flexible transparent electrode in both touch screen and electronic skin sensor, which can monitor the sliding pressure and direction in real-time, are demonstrated. More importantly, it is believed that the study represents a facile and low-cost approach to assemble various nanomaterials into large-area functional patterns for advanced flexible devices.     

Ultrafast Electrochemical Growth of Lithiophilic Nano-Flake Arrays for Stable Lithium Metal Anode

Lithium dendrites caused by nonuniform Li⁺ flux leads to the capacity fade and short-circuit hazard of lithium metal batteries. The solid electrolyte interface (SEI) is critical to the uniformity of Li⁺ flux. Here, an ultrafast preparation of uniform and vertical Cu₇S₄ nano-flake arrays (Cu₇S₄ NFAs) on the Cu substrate is reported. These arrays can largely improve the lithiophilicity of the anode and form Li₂S-enriched SEI due to the electrochemical reduction of Cu₇S₄ NFAs with lithium. A further statistical analysis suggests that the SEI, with a higher content of Li₂S, is more effective to inhibit the formation of lithium dendrites and yields less dead lithium. A quite stable coulombic efficiency of 98.6% can be maintained for 400 cycles at 1 mA cm^–2. Furthermore, at negative to positive electrode capacity ratio of 1.5 (N/P = 1.5), the full battery of Li@Cu₇S₄ NFAs||S shows 83% capacity retention after 100 cycles at 1 C, much higher than that of Li@Cu||S (33%). The findings demonstrate that high Li₂S content in the SEI is crucial for the dendrite inhibition to achieve better electrochemical performance.     

Boosted Photocurrent via Heating BiFeo3 Thin Film for UV Photodetector at Wide Temperature Range

The current research on ferroelectric photovoltaic materials is concentrated on enhancing the output photocurrent. As solar cells operate at high temperatures, it is crucial to take into account the effect of increasing temperatures on ferroelectric photovoltaics. In this study, an LNO (lanthanum nickelate, LaNiO₃)/BFO (bismuth ferrate, BiFeO₃)/ITO (indium tin oxide) device is constructed on a mica substrate by sol–gel method. The device achieves output photocurrent enhancement at a wide temperature range (33–183 °C), with the largest photocurrent enhancement at 130 °C, which is 178% relative to room temperature, and the output power is also increased by 9.88 times. At the same time, compared with BFO bulk, it is found that the performance of BFO film is always higher than that of bulk in the test temperature range, and the output photocurrent of BFO film at room temperature is 104 times higher than that of bulk. This article investigates the effect of high temperatures on ferroelectric photovoltaics and also provides a strategy for enhancing the photovoltaic performance of ferroelectric films, providing guidance for future applications of ferroelectric films in flexible solar cells and other applications.     

图像分解的多尺度变分模型

该文提出了一种新的多尺度变分图像分解模型。首先在Tadmar的分层多尺度变分模型的基础上,给出了一种新的(BV, H-1)分层多尺度图像分解方法,然后在逆尺度空间上积分尺度图像并将拉普拉斯算子作用于曲率项就得到了新的积分微分方程。该方程包含一个单调递增的尺度函数,它的值与残差图像的星范数成反比。接着讨论了该方程的重要性质,并给出了数值离散算法。理论分析与数值实验表明新的积分微分方程是一种有效的图像分解模型。     

Colorless ONU implementation for WDM-PON using direct-detection optical OFDM

A novel architecture for the colorless optical network unit (ONU) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated with direct-detection optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DDO-OFDM). In this architecture, polarization-division multiplexing is used to reduce the cost at ONU. In optical line terminal (OLT), quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) intensity-modulated OFDM signal with x-polarization at 10 Gbit/s is transmitted as downstream. At each ONU, the optical OFDM signal is demodulated with direct detection, and y-polarization signal is modulated for upstream on-off keying (OOK) data at 5 Gbit/s. Simulation results show that the power penalty is negligible for both optical OFDM downstream and the on-off keying upstream signals after over 50 km single-mode fiber (SMF) transmission.     

8mm波导结环行器的仿真设计

介绍一种8mm波导结环行器的仿真设计方法,分析了环行器内部的电磁场,在仿真时采用了Ansofl Hfss和Ansofi Maxwell软件实现电磁联合仿真,有效的保证了仿真的准确性.在32.5GHz-36GHz频段,实测结果为驻波小于1.2,损耗小于0.4dB,隔离大于20dB.     

喷射沉积Mg-12.55Al-3.33Zn-0.58Ca-1.0Nd合金组织与力学性能研究

利用XRD、OM、SEM、TEM研究了喷射沉积Mg-12.55Al-3.33Zn-0.58Ca-1.0Nd合金挤压态的显微组织和合金的力学性能。结果表明:喷射沉积挤压态镁合金主要包含基体α-Mg和Al2Ca相,基体组织为等轴晶,平均晶粒尺寸为3μm;Al2Ca颗粒主要沿镁基体晶界分布,颗粒尺寸在1.0μm左右,并在Al2Ca相中存在孪晶结构;合金的σb、σ0.2、δ分别为450、325MPa,5%。在拉伸断口上存在大量石块状的Al2Ca相,表明合金的断裂方式为沿晶断裂;与经热挤压的铸造AZ91镁合金对比,该合金强度明显提高,但合金塑性降低;合金强度的提高主要来源于合金的细晶强化和Al、Zn对合金的固溶强化,而伸长率降低是由于合金中存在的大量Al2Ca颗粒是沿镁基体晶界分布,导致合金的塑性降低。     

宣钢单喷颗粒镁铁水预处理技术的应用

介绍了单喷颗粒镁铁水预脱硫技术的优势,在正常的铁水条件下,宣钢采用单喷颗粒镁铁水预脱硫技术,镁粉喷吹速率平均4．5kg／min,可保证脱硫扒渣能力110万t／年,达到了规定的终点脱硫效果。     

模铸低碳复合保护渣的开发与应用

本文针对钢锭浇铸时使用中高碳保护渣对钢锭表面增碳的影响,对钢锭进行解剖,研究钢锭中C偏析的情况,证实保护渣增碳是造成钢锭大幅度增碳的主要原因,进而开发低碳复合保护渣。结果表明,使用中高碳保护渣钢锭表面增碳明显,采用开发的低碳复合保护渣能达到降低钢锭表面增碳的效果,从而提升钢锭的轧板质量。     

液态渣在预拌抹灰砂浆中的应用技术研究

在预拌抹灰砂浆中,液态渣有作掺和料和骨料两种方式应用。实验研究了粉磨时间、激发剂对液态渣粉磨性能的影响,以及破碎液态渣部分取代天然砂后的混合骨料颗粒级配对预拌抹灰砂浆各项性能的影响。结果表明:(1)将液态渣粉料取代水泥作为掺和料使用时,粉磨液态渣时加入激发剂可提高其活性,选用1h粉磨时间较为合适。(2)当破碎液态渣替代部分天然砂拌制抹灰砂浆时,破碎液态渣的掺配比例控制在40%左右是可行的。