基于直方图均衡化的红外图像伪彩色增强显示

红外成像技术由于具有抗干扰性强和全天候工作等特点而被广泛应用于各个领域.针对红外图像视觉效果模糊的问题,提出了一种基于直方图均衡化的红外图像伪彩色增强显示方法.该方法包括图像增强和伪彩色处理两步：首先,计算图像的均值,并根据均值的大小采用不同的空域变换方法,然后进行直方图均衡化处理;在伪彩色处理中,设计了新的伪彩色编码表,并采用查找表的方式对增强后的图像进行了伪彩色处理与显示.试验结果表明,经过伪彩色增强处理后,图像的显示效果有了明显提高,图像中的动态范围得到了扩大,细节信息也得到了加强.     

基于小波域内层间系数反向相关提取图象边缘

为了更好提取出边缘,提出利用小波层间系数之间的相关性通过反向移位构建滤波器从而提取图像边缘.首先对含噪图像进行小波分解,将相邻各层小波系数进行反向移位相关,阈值化后作为滤波器对平滑小波系数有选择地进行滤波操作,去除噪声影响,得到图像的边缘图.利用此方法对256 ×256×8 bit/像素的Rice 图像做了边缘提取,边缘提取准确,具有更好的降噪性能同时也降低了计算量.     

Effect of vertical rolling at various temperatures on subsequent multi-pass severe rolling of AZ31B alloy sheet

AZ31B alloy was subjected to vertical rolling at various temperatures prior to multi-pass severe rolling processing including initial rolling including one 80% reduction pass and finish rolling at 300 °C and 350 °C, respectively. The depth and number of edge crack, microstructure evolution and tensile properties were examined. The results indicate that pre-vertical rolling at low temperature before severe rolling can significantly restrain edge crack, change relative frequency distribution of edge-crack depth, increase microstructure homogeneity and sharply change the intensity and distribution of basal texture of initial-rolled sheets. The level of edge crack increases with increased vertical rolling temperature above 100 °C mostly due to the combination of shear band density, microstructure homogeneity, grain size and texture of rolled sheets. Compared with conventional rolling, the effect of vertical rolling on final mechanical properties depends on the finish rolling temperature due to the combination of shear bands, twins and grain size. The variation trend of mechanical properties with increased vertical rolling temperature is also sensitive to finish rolling temperature. For as-rolled sheets, the severe rolling route with vertical rolling at 100 °C and finish rolling at 300 °C should be required.     

Improved discharge properties of bulk Na2O-BaO-PbO-Nb2O5-SiO2 glass-ceramic dielectrics through electrode structure design

For pulsed power applications, bulk Na₂O-BaO-PbO-Nb₂O₅-SiO₂ glass-ceramic dielectrics in considerable size (about 150 × 60 × 4 mm³) were prepared via controlled-crystallization route. The discharge properties (mainly the discharge speed dI/dt and the duration time τ) of the dielectrics were investigated. The results show that the capability of charge or energy storage in the bulk dielectrics is relatively lower than that of anticipation based on smaller specimen, due to a serious drop of breakdown strength (BDS) of the bulk dielectrics. Several electrode structures were designed and applied in the measurement circuit to enhance the BDS of the bulk dielectrics. Among which, a bowl-like electrode structure was proved to reduce electrode edge effect most effectively in the BDS measurement and result in the improved dI/dt and τ.     

基于Mean-Shift的卡尔曼粒子滤波车辆跟踪算法研究

在视频车辆跟踪算法中针对传统粒子滤波的非线性、非高斯性可能导致跟踪过程的不准确性,提出一种基于Mean-Shift的卡尔曼(Kalman)粒子滤波算法。该算法利用建立基于目标颜色直方图特征模型对视频车辆目标进行建模,并将其与Kalman滤波相结合进行更新;通过采用Mean Shift算法将Kalman滤波器引用到粒子滤波器当中,通过预测迭代,从而达到对车辆的运行轨迹的修正。将先验信息预测与粒子滤波相结合在保持跟踪系统整体上的非线性、非高斯性,兼顾了卡尔曼滤波局部的线性高斯特性。实验结果表明,该方法与传统粒子滤波方法相比,具有较好的实时性和较高的准确率,能够准确稳定地对目标车辆进行跟踪。     

Powering a wireless temperature sensor using sediment microbial fuel cells with vertical arrangement of electrodes

The application of wireless sensors is an important approach for monitoring natural water systems in remote locations; however, limited power sources are a key challenge for successful application of these sensors. Sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) have shown potential as a sustainable power source with low maintenance requirements to power wireless sensors. This study examines electricity generation in lab-scale SMFCs with the sediment from Lake Michigan. Two SMFCs are operated in parallel with a difference in cathode arrangement (floating cathode vs. bottom cathode). The data show that the SMFC with a floating cathode produces more electricity and results in a shorter charging time when an ultracapacitor is connected to the circuit. To control electricity delivery and voltage elevation to a value that can drive a wireless temperature sensor, a power management system (PMS) is developed. With the PMS, both SMFCs can consistently power the wireless temperature sensor for data transmission to a computer, although the number of recorded data within the same period differs. This research provides an effective PMS for power control and valuable experience in SMFC configurations for the next onsite test of the developed SMFCs in Lake Michigan.