Accelerated electrospark deposition and the wear behavior of coatings

Electrospark deposition (ESD) is a coating process that is featured by low heat input to the substrate. Low coating efficiency and other limitations influence its wider application. The present paper introduces newly designed ESD equipment, by which a higher coating rate can be reached. The relationship among coating thickness, surface roughness, and process parameters such as pulse energy, pulse frequency, and deposition time are presented. Electrospark deposition coating by the new equipment on AISI 1045 steel (with WC-8% Co as electrode) increases the wear resistance by 5 to 8 times. The micromechanism is investigated by scanning electron microscopy observation.     

用正交法研究稀土对20Cr钢渗碳的影响

研究了稀土种类与含量对渗碳的影响，结果表明，稀土在渗碳过程中有显著的活化催渗作用，渗碳速度提高１５％－２５％，耐磨性提高１２－１５％。通过采用二次回归正交法，对试验结果进行了统计处理，建立了渗碳温度，时间、稀土含量对渗层深度、表面硬度、表面硬度、耐磨性及冲击韧性的数学关系式。     

Si-Mn-Mo系低碳贝氏体钢焊接热影响区的脆化机理

用焊接热模拟,普通光学金相,透射、扫描电镜及电子探针,X射线和常规拉伸、冲出等手段研究了一种新型Si-Mn-Mo系低碳贝氏体钢焊接热影响区过热区的组织和性能的关系,重点探讨了过热区的脆化机理.结果表明,在焊接热模拟条件下,原始奥氏体晶粒尺寸是影响机械性能的主要因素.少量准下贝氏体与低碳马氏体的混合组织具有最佳的强韧性配合.随线能量增加,影响韧性的主要因素是奥氏体晶粒粗化以及高温时碳原子在奥氏体晶界及其附近的偏聚;而且碳原子的这种偏聚是经过较高线能量热循环后出现沿晶脆性断口的主要原因.粒状贝氏体及粒状组织中的M-A岛不是该钢焊接热影响区过热区脆化的原因.     

调制波长对Cu／Ni金属多层膜力学性能的影响

用电沉积法在低碳钢基体上制备了具有不同调制波长(一个调制波长等于单层Cu膜与单层Ni膜厚度之和)的Cu/Ni金属多层膜，研究了多层膜硬度与其中单层膜厚度之间的关系。结果表明，当膜厚在亚微米范围内时，Cu/Ni多层膜的屈服强度(为硬度值的1/3)与单层膜厚之间符合基于位错塞积模型的Hall-Pctch(H-P)关系式；而当单层膜厚小于100nm时，屈服强度与膜厚的关系偏离了H-P线性关系。基于程开甲等人位错稳定性理论首次对金属多层膜变形行为偏离Hall-Petch关系的现象作了定量解释。     

Compositional effect on hot cracking for binary alloys

Composition plays an important role in the hot cracking of alloys in the casting process. For the sake of simplicity, binary alloys are employed to study the effect of composition on hot cracking in this paper. The available experimental observations on the hot cracking of binary alloys are reanalyzed and a simple rule that reflects the compositional effect on hot cracking is proposed. The analysis shows that for most binary alloys the most important factor in hot cracking is the critical value at which the remaining fraction liquid for solidification till the eutectic temperature is about 1%. Hot cracking disappears at another critical content, at which the remaining fraction liquid at eutectic temperature is around 10%. The Scheil equation is employed to evaluate the variation in fraction solid and liquid in the assessments.     

Effect of Na2SO4 and Water Vapor on the Corrosion of Ti3SiC2

The corrosion behavior of polycrystalline Ti₃SiC₂ was studied in the presence of Na₂SO₄ deposit and water vapor at 900°C and 1000°C. The mass gain per unit area of the samples superficially coated with Na₂SO₄ exposed to water vapor was slightly lower than that of the samples corroded without water vapor. The microstructure and composition of the scales were investigated by SEM/EDS and XRD. Pores were observed in the corroded sample surfaces. The main corrosion phases on the sample surface were identified by XRD as TiO₂, Na₂Si₂O₅ and Na₂TiO₃. After Ti₃SiC₂ corroded in the presence of the Na₂SO₄ deposit and water vapor, the scale had a three-layer microstructure, which was different from the duplex corrosion scale formed on Ti₃SiC₂ beneath the Na₂SO₄ film without water vapor. Because water vapor penetrated the corrosion layer and then reacted with SiO₂ to form volatile Si(OH)₄, an intermediate porous and TiO₂-enriched layer formed in the corrosion layer.     

人字形转向支架压铸件的工艺设计研究

介绍了转向支架铝合金压铸件的结构，分析了合金液体的流态变化、涡流的发生及气孔的形成机理，提出的解决方案主要是：对浇注系统进行较大的改动，严格规定内浇道在模具型腔上的起始位置点，内浇道在模具型腔所采取的喷射角度，以及内浇道的厚度和长度；内浇道的连接采用圆滑过渡，以减少铝液在浇道内产生的紊流；采用较长的分流锥，控制铝液在压室内的充满度；注重铝液浇注温度的恒定。     

用双层辉光等离子法在钛表面制备的Ti-Pd合金层性能研究

采用双层辉光等离子冶金技术在纯钛表面制备了Ti—Pd合金层。其深度大约为90μm，Pd含量呈梯度变化，并出现了TiPd3，TiPd2，Ti2Pd3，Ti3Pd5，TiPd，Ti4Pd等6种化合物相和Pd相。合金层在100℃的NaCl饱和溶液＋HCl溶液以及40℃的8．6％H2SO4溶液中的耐缝隙腐蚀性能优于Ti0．2Pd合金；在室温80％H2SO4的溶液中，腐蚀速率仅为0．682mm／a，是Ti0．2Pd合金的18．2％：在室温30％HCl的溶液中，表面Ti—Pd的腐蚀速率仅为0．004mm／a，是Ti0．2Pd合金的12．5％。     

快速原型制造系统与CAD系统接口软件开发

本文在着重研究了 STL 模型诊断、切片处理、切片轮廓拓扑处理和扫描处理与优化的基础上,开发了实用化的 CAD 系统与 RP 系统间的接口软件,并揭示 RPM技术的发展方向。     

钪系阴极基体的研究

采用氧化钪与钨机械混合、氧化钨与钪盐水溶液固液掺杂法制备了氧化钪-钨基体，采用扫描电镜及原位俄歇电子能谱方法研究了基体中钪的分布及阴极基体的抗离子轰击性能。结果表明，采用液固法制备的烧结体，氧化钪分布均匀，这样的结构有利于钪的扩散和补充，原位俄歇轰击实验结果表明，阴极基体具有良好的耐高温和耐离子轰击性。