单因子老化中定子线棒等温松弛电流的研究

为研究电机定子线棒老化后的绝缘特性,制备了按实际线棒尺寸比例缩小的线棒试样,并对其进行了单独的热、电老化实验,后测量了不同老化程度线棒试样的等温松弛电流,并基于等温松弛理论研究分析了线棒绝缘内的陷阱分布变化。结果表明:线棒绝缘在冷热循环老化过程中存在"后固化"的现象,绝缘内陷阱密度先增加后减小;而在电老化过程中,试样绝缘内浅能级陷阱密度增加。根据不同极化过程对等温松弛电流的贡献,建立了定子线棒等温松弛电流的三阶指数衰减模型。研究表明,电机线棒老化的主要表现是环氧树脂和云母之间界面中缺陷的增加,而三指数衰减模型对等温松弛电流数据的拟合结果也足够准确。     

Synthesis and characterization of TiO2/WO3 composite nanotubes for photocatalytic applications

TiO₂/WO₃ composite nanotubes were synthesized in an anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template by a sol–gel method. The prepared nanotubes were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area. Using the nanotubes embedded in the AAO templates as catalysts, photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange aqueous solution was carried out under UV light irradiation. The results showed that the TiO₂/WO₃ composite nanotubes with the thickness about 50 nm could be successfully synthesized by this method. TiO₂ showed anatase phase and WO₃ displayed monoclinic phase. The composite nanotubes (TiO₂/WO₃) exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than the pure nanotubes (WO₃ or TiO₂). The possible reason for improving the photocatalytic activity was also discussed.     

努森压缩制冷系统的设计及性能分析

分别以氨、水、R290和R600a为工质设计了努森压缩制冷系统。系统结构尺寸受工质的分子直径和宏观物性影响,其中依靠微尺度热流逸效应工作的努森压缩机设计成由两个功能组组成并采用多级串联形式。根据努森压缩制冷系统的微观与宏观工作机制和系统构建方式建立了性能分析模型。努森压缩制冷系统的运行特性类似于压缩机转速可调的常规蒸气压缩制冷系统,其COP随室内温度升高(或环境温度降低)而增大、制冷量随室内温度升高(或环境温度降低)而减小。综合考虑系统结构、性能、成本等因素,水为工质的努森压缩制冷系统明显优于其它3种工质系统。若按一次能源效率计算,努森压缩制冷的COP与常规蒸气压缩制冷的相差不大,加之其具有可直接利用太阳能和余(废)热资源、且没有运动部件等优点,努森压缩制冷是一种具有发展前景和竞争力的新型制冷方式。