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排序方式: 共有530条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Kane M.G. Campi J. Hammond M.S. Cuomo F.P. Greening B. Sheraw C.D. Nichols J.A. Gundlach D.J. Huang J.R. Kuo C.C. Jia L. Klauk H. Jackson T.N. 《Electron Device Letters, IEEE》2000,21(11):534-536
We have fabricated and characterized analog and digital circuits using organic thin-film transistors on polyester film substrates. These are the first reported dynamic results for organic circuits fabricated on polyester substrates. The high-performance pentacene transistors yield circuits with the highest reported clock frequencies for organic circuits 相似文献
32.
33.
In this paper, works are conducted to have a better understanding of the evolution of the road-surface texture due to traffic polishing. Examples are shown for two aggregates having respectively low and high - polishing-resistances. Surface profiles measured at different polishing stages are analyzed. Roughness parameters characterizing asperity height and sharpness are calculated and their evolution is compared with the friction evolution. 相似文献
34.
In present day semiconductor lasers, there is a serious asymmetry between the very light conduction band mass and the very heavy valence band mass. Under laser threshold conditions, the hole occupation remains classical even while the electrons are degenerate. This results in a significant penalty in terms of threshold current density, carrier injection level, and excess Auger and other nonradiative recombination. We propose a combination of strain and quantum confinement to reduce the valence band effective mass and to lessen the laser threshold requirements. 相似文献
35.
Timothy J Wilt Dennis Niewoehner Robert L Kane Roderick MacDonald Anne M Joseph 《Nicotine & tobacco research》2007,9(1):21-32
Obtaining spirometric testing and providing those results to individuals who smoke has been advocated as a motivational tool to improve smoking cessation. However, its effectiveness is not known. We conducted a systematic review to determine if this approach improves rates of smoking cessation. Data sources included MEDLINE (1966 to October 2005), the Cochrane Library, and experts in the field. Eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) enrolled at least 25 smokers per arm, evaluated spirometry with associated counseling or in combination with other treatments, followed subjects at least 6 months, and provided smoking abstinence rates. Results from nonrandomized studies also were summarized. The primary outcome was patient-reported long-term (at least 6 months) sustained abstinence with biological validation. Additional outcomes included self-reported abstinence and point-prevalence abstinence. Seven RCTs (N = 6,052 subjects) met eligibility criteria. Follow-up duration ranged from 9 to 36 months. In six trials, the intervention group received concomitant treatments previously demonstrated to increase cessation independently. The range of abstinence was 3%-14% for control subjects and 7%-39% among intervention groups, statistically significantly in favor of intervention in four studies. The only RCT that assessed the independent contribution of spirometry in combination with counseling demonstrated a nonsignificant 1% improvement in patient-reported point-prevalence abstinence at 12 months in the group that received spirometry plus counseling versus counseling alone (6.5% versus 5.5%). Findings from observational studies were mixed, and the lack of controls makes interpretation problematic. Available evidence is insufficient to determine whether obtaining spirometric values and providing that information to patients improves smoking cessation compared with other smoking cessation methods. Spirometric values are of limited benefit as a predictor of smoking cessation or as a tool to "customize" smoking cessation strategies. 相似文献
36.
James H. Kane Hua Wang 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》1992,33(4):667-693
Used in concert with the Kirchhoff transformation, implicit differentiation of the discretized boundary integral equations governing the conduction of heat in solids with temperature dependent thermal conductivity is shown to generate an accurate and economical approach for computation of shape sensitivities. For problems with specified temperature and heat flux boundary conditions, a linear problem results for both the analysis and sensitivity analysis. In problems with either convection or radiation boundary conditions, a non-linear problem is generated. Several iterative strategies are presented for the solution of the resulting sets of non-linear equations and the computational performances examined in detail. Multi-zone analysis and zone condensation strategies are demonstrated to provide substantive computational economies in this process for models with either localized non-iinear boundary conditions or regions of geometric insensitivity to design variables. A series of non-linear example problems is presented that have closed form solutions. Exact anaytical expressions tor the shape sensitivities associated with these problems are developed and these are compared with the sensitivities computed using the boundary element formulation. 相似文献
37.
This article provides an overview of the various legal issues inherent in virtual worlds and massively multiplayer online role-playing games. The legal issues involved are very complicated and still at a nascent stage, which is a very dangerous mix. The issues involved run the gambit from intellectual property law to First Amendment issues. Only time will tell how governments or the courts respond to the panoply of issues. However, the potential impact of such decisions will need to be given great weight because they will likely have wide-reaching ramifications. 相似文献
38.
The impact of substituting HI for CF3I as the iodine donor in the discharge-pumped iodine monofluoride (IF) laser at 491 nm has been investigated. More than an order of magnitude improvement in output pulse energy has been observed and is attributed to more efficient production of low-lying (v '<5) vibrational levels of the IF (D ') ion pair state. Preliminary evidence indicates that vibrational excitation of HI (X 1Σ+ ) assists in the relaxation of the D ' state population. The increased net small-signal gain of D '→A ' (v '=0→v ") transitions in HI-containing gas mixtures has the effect of intensifying the 491-nm (0.15) bandhead relative to the lower gain transitions 相似文献
39.
Individual differences in working-memory (WM) capacity predicted performance on the Stroop task in 5 experiments, indicating the importance of executive control and goal maintenance to selective attention. When the Stroop task encouraged goal neglect by including large numbers of congruent trials (RED presented in red), low WM individuals committed more errors than did high WM individuals on the rare incongruent trials (BLUE in red) that required maintaining access to the "ignore-the-word" goal for accurate responding. In contrast, in tasks with no or few congruent trials, or in high-congruency tasks that followed low-congruency tasks, WM predicted response-time interference. WM was related to latency, not accuracy, in contexts that reinforced the task goal and so minimized the difficulty of actively maintaining it. The data and a literature review suggest that Stroop interference is jointly determined by 2 mechanisms, goal maintenance and competition resolution, and that the dominance of each depends on WM capacity, as well as the task set induced by current and previous contexts. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
40.
An argument-based approach to validity. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Outlines a general argument-based approach to validation, develops an interpretive argument for a placement test as an example, and examines some key properties in interpretive arguments. Validity is associated with the interpretation assigned to test scores rather than with the test scores or the test. The interpretation involves an argument leading from the scores to score-based statements or decisions, and the validity of the interpretation depends on the plausibility of this interpretive argument. The interpretive arguments associated with most test-score interpretations involve multiple inferences and assumptions. An explicit recognition of the inferences and assumptions in the interpretive argument makes it possible to identify the kinds of evidence needed to evaluate the argument. Evidence for the inferences and assumptions in the argument supports the interpretation, and evidence against any part of the argument casts doubt on the interpretation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献