蒸发器结晶垢螺旋纽带自动清洗技术研究

概要地叙述了蒸发器结晶垢的螺旋纽带自动清洗技术的结构原理,直接利用蒸发溶液的循环流动能带动加热管内的螺旋纽带旋转清洗。根据结晶动力学原理,对碳钢管Φ25×2.5×1820内Na2SO4、KCIO3的冷却过饱和溶液的结晶盐垢进行流体动力学模拟试验研究。结果表明,能够满足一般生产蒸发器的自动清洗要求,达到长期连续生产的目的,并且设备成本费用低,具有显著的技术经济优势,可以在制糖、制盐、烧碱、化工、食品、制药等工业生产部门广泛应用。     

单组分聚脲材料在寒冷地区某大坝溢流面防护中的应用

水利水电工程泄洪建筑物表面经常遭受高速含沙水流或携带推移质的冲刷,经过一段时间的运行,往往会出现不同程度的磨损及气蚀破坏,采用性能优越的水工混凝土抗冲耐磨材料修复和防护尤为重要。本文通过单组分聚脲材料性能试验揭示了材料的特点,介绍了其在新疆某大坝溢流面防护中的应用情况,其处理技术对类似工程具有良好的借鉴意义。     

循环荷载作用下重塑饱和粉黏土的刚度弱化特性研究

以东海大桥海上风电场项目为课题背景,通过动三轴系统对重塑饱和粉质黏土开展一系列长期不排水循环加载三轴试验,分别考虑围压、动应力比和频率3种因素,特别是对高频(f5 Hz)下土体的动力弱化特性进行了研究。试验结果表明:累积塑性应变与累积孔压随着循环次数的增加而增大并且趋于稳定,呈现出应变软化和孔压软化现象。割线动变形刚度模量和割线动弹性刚度模量则随着循环次数的增加,先急剧降低然后趋于稳定,从而表现出刚度弱化现象。进一步研究了割线动弹性刚度模量与循环应变幅值的关系,割线动弹性刚度模量的衰减趋势受动应力比和频率的影响不大,与围压有关,围压越大,割线动弹性刚度模量衰减趋势越慢,衰减稳定幅值越低。     

航空胶片显影液调整的计算机处理方法

为解决航空胶片显影液调整问题，采用了Visual Basic6.0开发了“显影液化学分析调整软件，该系统具有一定的应用价值。     

高分子水处理剂的绿色化研究进展

简要介绍了近年来水处理领域在高分子水处理剂产品及生产工艺方面的绿色化研究进展状况。     

考虑纤维波动[＋φ／-φ]缠绕角管件的轴向弹性模量计算方法

本文在计算[ φ/-φ]缠绕角管件的轴向弹性模量时,通过引入纤维波动程度参数来计入纤维波动的影响,理论计算结果与层板理论计算结果相比更接近实验结果,说明本文提出的算法,可在一定程度上计入纤维波动的影响。     

超临界CO_2萃取大豆油的实验研究

采用超临界CO2 萃取技术进行了大豆油的萃取实验。在压力为 2 0～ 30MPa、温度为 30 8～ 32 3K的范围内 ,考察了萃取压力、萃取温度、流体流量和物料预处理方式等条件对出油率的影响。在本文实验范围内 ,大豆油的最佳萃取工艺条件为 :压力 30MPa ,温度 313K ,物料状态为约 0 .4mm厚的大豆片。流体流量只影响萃取速率 ,而不影响最终的出油率     

乙酸苄酯的合成新工艺研究

报道了合成乙酸苄酯的新工艺 ,以有机溶剂丙酸丁酯作为反应介质 ,三乙胺为催化剂 ,合成了乙酸苄酯。产品收率可达 99 1%,产品纯度 >99 5 %,溶剂可反复回收使用。     

Desulfurization of commercial fuels by π-complexation: Monolayer CuCl/γ-Al2O3

Monolayer CuCl/γ-Al₂O₃ sorbent was studied for desulfurization of a commercial jet fuel (364.3 ppmw S) and a commercial diesel (140 ppmw S). The sorbent was prepared by means of spontaneous monolayer dispersion methods. Deep desulfurization (sulfur levels of <1 ppmw) was accomplished with this sorbent using a fixed-bed adsorber. The CuCl/γ-Al₂O₃ sorbent was capable of removing 6.4 and 11.2 mg of sulfur per gram for jet fuel at breakthrough (at <1 ppmw S) and saturation, respectively. The same sorbent was capable of removing 0.94 and 1.8 mg of sulfur per gram for BP diesel at breakthrough and saturation, respectively. The difference in sulfur capacities for jet fuel and diesel was apparently caused by the difference in concentrations of strongly binding compounds, such as nitrogen heterocycles, heavy (polynuclear) aromatics and fuel additives. In comparison with CuCl/γ-Al₂O₃, Cu(I)Y zeolite has higher sulfur capacities but is less stable and can be easily oxidized to Cu(II)Y by fuel additives (such as oxygenates) and moisture and consequently loses π-complexation ability. However, all these cuprous π-complexation sorbents selectively adsorb thiophenic compounds over aromatics and olefins (as predicted by the high separation factors), which resulted in the observed desulfurization capability. A feasibility study is shown for efficient regeneration of CuCl/γ-Al₂O₃ using ultrasound at ambient temperature. Possible problems associated with desulfurization using π-complexation sorbents for commercial fuels are discussed.     

Optimal mass transport for geometric modeling based on variational principles in convex geometry

In geometric modeling, surface parameterization plays an important role for converting triangle meshes to spline surfaces. Parameterization will introduce distortions. Conventional parameterization methods emphasize on angle-preservation, which may induce huge area distortions and cause large spline fitting errors and trigger numerical instabilities.To overcome this difficulty, this work proposes a novel area-preserving parameterization method, which is based on an optimal mass transport theory and convex geometry. Optimal mass transport mapping is measure-preserving and minimizes the transportation cost. According to Brenier’s theorem, for quadratic distance transportation costs, the optimal mass transport map is the gradient of a convex function. The graph of the convex function is a convex polyhedron with prescribed normal and areas. The existence and the uniqueness of such a polyhedron have been proved by the Minkowski-Alexandrov theorem in convex geometry. This work gives an explicit method to construct such a polyhedron based on the variational principle, and formulates the solution to the optimal transport map as the unique optimum of a convex energy. In practice, the energy optimization can be carried out using Newton’s method, and each iteration constructs a power Voronoi diagram dynamically. We tested the proposal algorithms on 3D surfaces scanned from real life. Experimental results demonstrate the efficiency and efficacy of the proposed variational approach for the optimal transport map.