炊⒍ㄌ毓煞萦邢

ogy35-37TN929.53I136;9;II136_9;B.Haberland00070003     

羟乙基半乳甘露多糖型流变改性剂在水性涂料中的应用研究

半乳甘露多糖胶(瓜耳胶)源于瓜耳豆的种子中提取的瓜耳胶多肽。瓜耳胶的羟乙基衍生物(HEG)由非离子环氧乙烷试剂与瓜耳树胶进行醚化反应合成而得。这种改性大大改善了瓜耳树脂在水性漆的应用中的某些特殊性能，如电介质相容性、稳定性、溶解度和流变学特性等。在本研究中使用了不同品级的HEG。与传统的纤维素衍生物型流变改性剂制备的水性漆进行两者的性能比较，揭示了HEG在水性涂料中的广阔应用前景。     

克孜河(南支)天南维其克河——老八里桥至大桥段防洪工程的必要性探讨

喀什市属于暖温带大陆气候,总特征是气候温和,四季分明,光照充足,热量丰富,降水量少,蒸发量大,空气干燥,无霜期长。喀什市克孜河上天南维其克渠首以下老八里桥下游7.03 km的防洪工程,平均河宽约150-200 m,最窄处宽仅50 m,下段河道由于河道束窄基本上为主河床。克孜河洪水灾害频繁而严重,其表现形式是冲毁堤岸及耕地,淹没农田、草场和村庄,冲断交通线路,冲毁水工建筑物等。严重威胁喀什市帕哈太克里乡的1.3万人、2.00万亩耕地和疏勒县的团结渠首的人民生命及财产安全。防洪工程项目实施后,即当该河道在遭遇20年一遇设计标准洪水时,可保证疏勒县的团结渠首及、帕哈太克里乡农民及耕地的安全,同时可以控制水土流失,改善生态环境,确保了人民群众生命和财产安全和河道的安全行洪。     

基于仿生防护技术的海底管线悬空治理研究

针对海底管线悬空对海洋油气田安全生产的严重威胁及其对海洋环境构成的重大隐患,文章以海底管线周围的局部冲刷及其冲刷防护与控制技术为研究对象,从海底管线冲刷机理入手,分析了管线一次悬空和二次悬空的原因,从模型实验和工程实践两方面开展仿生防护技术治理海底管线悬空研究,利用高分子材料仿生草叶片的柔性黏滞阻尼作用,减缓流速,降低水流的携沙能力,最终达到固沙、填沙、保护管线的目的。     

再生纤维素纤维的可持续连续制备工艺

目前,纤维素活化和溶解阶段的生产规模有限,严重阻碍了 Biocelsol技术生产再生纤维素纤维的商业化.介绍了 Biocelsol技术的最新发展,该技术已经能够实现再生纤维素纤维的连续化生产.     

安全壳在事故情况下的完整性分析

现有的安全壳完整性分析,主要针对设计基准事故条件下安全壳内部压力的响应进行分析。而AP1000的安全壳事故承压分析不仅包括设计基准事故,还包括严重事故情况下的完整性分析。安全壳完整性分析的过程中所使用的程序、设定的条件都是较为保守的,这就使得安全壳有很大裕度。而在相关试验数据愈加充分并且人们对相关事故进程与机理的认知有较大提高的条件下,使用最佳估算来对安全壳完整性进行分析能够在保证基本裕度的条件下,较合理地减小其设计保守性,为今后我国更大功率的非能动核电厂安全壳设计与建造提供方便。     

甲岩水电站右岸泄洪洞旋流竖井Ⅱ期开挖支护施工

介绍甲岩水电站右岸泄洪洞旋流竖井在Ⅱ期开挖、支护施工阶段可选用几种施工方案。通过对几种施工方案的可行性、经济性比较,选择了从竖井上部用电动单梁起重机悬挂渣斗出渣、起吊施工材料设备的方案,在施工过程中起重机运行良好,用107 d完成右岸泄洪洞Ⅱ期开挖支护施工,比原计划提前了15 d。     

Organic and metallic pollutants in water treatment and natural wetlands: a review

A literature review shows that more than 500 compounds occur in wetlands, and also that wetlands are suitable for removing these compounds. There are, however, obvious pitfalls for treatment wetlands, the most important being the maintenance of the hydraulic capacity and the detention time. Treatment wetlands should have an adapted design to target specific compounds. Aquatic plants and soils are suitable for wastewater treatment with a high capacity of removing nutrients and other substances through uptake, sorption and microbiological degradation. The heavy metals Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni and Pb were found to exceed limit values. The studies revealed high values of phenol and SO(4). No samples showed concentrations in sediments exceeding limit values, but fish samples showed concentrations of Hg exceeding the limit for fish sold in the European Union (EU). The main route of metal uptake in aquatic plants was through the roots in emergent and surface floating plants, whereas in submerged plants roots and leaves take part in removing heavy metals and nutrients. Submerged rooted plants have metal uptake potential from water as well as sediments, whereas rootless plants extracted metals rapidly only from water. Caution is needed about the use of SSF CWs (subsurface flow constructed wetlands) for the treatment of metal-contaminated industrial wastewater as metals are shifted to another environmental compartment, and stable redox conditions are required to ensure long-term efficiency. Mercury is one of the most toxic heavy metals and wetlands have been shown to be a source of methylmercury. Methyl Hg concentrations are typically approximately 15% of Hgt (total mercury). In wetlands polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), bisphenol A, BTEX, hydrocarbons including diesel range organics, glycol, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), cyanide, benzene, chlorophenols and formaldehyde were found to exceed limit values. In sediments only PAH and PCB were found exceeding limit values. The pesticides found above limit values were atrazine, simazine, terbutylazine, metolachlor, mecoprop, endosulfan, chlorfenvinphos and diuron. There are few water quality limit values of these compounds, except for some well-known endocrine disrupters such as nonylphenol, phtalates, etc.