基于近红外高光谱成像技术的马铃薯淀粉含量无损检测

以马铃薯为研究对象,应用近红外高光谱成像技术(900¹ 700 nm)对马铃薯淀粉含量进行无损检测.采用多元散射校正法(MSC)对原始光谱进行预处理,并通过回归系数法(RC)和连续投影算法(SPA)选择特征波长.分别建立两种特征波长下的多元线性回归模型(MLR)和偏最小二乘回归模型(PLSR),并对比建模效果.结果表明,对于两种建模方法,采用连续投影算法选择特征波长建模的效果较好;SPA-MLR建模效果优于SPA-PLSR建模效果,其校正模型的相关系数(Rc)和均方根误差(RMSEC)分别为0.972、0.329;验证模型的相关系数(Rp)和均方根误差(RMSEP)分别为0.982、0.249.     

高光谱成像技术在肉品无损检测中的应用及进展

高光谱成像技术是集图像学和光谱学于一身的新技术,能够快速、准确、无损地获得农产品内外品质信息,从而实现农产品的全方位检测.主要介绍了高光谱成像技术的原理及在肉品品质检测中的应用,并对高光谱成像技术在未来肉品检测方面的应用进行了展望.     

碳基钨涂层在退火过程中的组织和结构变化

用真空等离子体喷涂(VPS)技术在C／C复合材料基体上制备了厚度为0．5mm的钨(W)涂层，涂层的表面通过物理气相沉积(PVD)预沉积钨、铼(Re)多层作为碳(C)的扩散势垒。涂层经过1200℃--2000℃的电子束退火，其微观结构和化学构成发生变化。经测量涂层的再结晶温度约为1400℃，再结晶的活性能为63kJ／mol。当退火温度高于1300℃时，涂层表面的多层W、Re结构将由于W、Re和C之间的相互扩散而发生改变，并在1600℃以上退火lh后由于脆性碳化钨在界面的形成而完全失效，碳化钨层的厚度将随着退火漏度的升高和退火时间的延长而迅速增加。     

聚晶金刚石的磨削

本介绍磨削切削刀具用PCD刀片的一些初步实验结果及结论。由于PCD磨削被认为是一种很困难的材料去除作业，了解机床、砂轮参数对刃口质量的影响是极其重要的。本研究所介绍的一种方法有助于了解这些影响。所得出的结论对确定通过改善刃口质量提高刀具性能和使用寿命的参数可能是有益的。     

放电等离子烧结Fe3B／（Pr,Tb）2Fe14B块体纳米晶双相复合永磁体的性能

采用放电等离子烧结技术将非晶Pr4.2Tb0.3Fe78B17.5薄带制备成块状纳米晶复合磁体。研究了烧结条件对磁体密度、微观结构和磁性能的影响。结果表明，烧结温度的升高可使磁体得到高致密度，但同时由于其晶粒长大，结果导致磁性能的恶化。在最佳烧结条件下得到磁体的磁性能为Br=1．02T，JHc=220kA／m。磁体具有较好的微观结构，平均晶粒尺寸为20nm。     

Ni含量对TiNi形状记忆合金相变行为的影响

用示差扫描热分析仪和光学显微镜系统研究了Ｎｉ含量对ＴｉＮｉ形状记忆合金Ｒ相和Ｍ相相变温度，相变热，热滞的影响。结果表明：在加热和冷却过程中，Ｔｉ－３３．３％Ｎｉ和Ｔｉ－７５．０％Ｎｉ不发生相变；ＴＭ，ΔＭ，ΔＨＭ和ΔＨＲ是Ｎｉ是含量的函数，ＴＲ和ΔＲ基本为一定值，与Ｎｉ含量有关。     

硼对AZ91镁合金组织及性能的影响

研究了硼对AZ91镁合金显微组织和硬度的影响。结果表明：当B的加入量小于0．01％（质量分数）时，随硼加入量的增加，合金铸态组织和平均晶粒尺寸显著减小，布氏硬度明显提高；B加入量为0．01％时，合金平均晶粒尺寸由未加B的120μm细化到30μm左右；当加入量超过0．01％时，晶粒有粗化的趋势；分析认为具有密排六方结构的高熔点化合物AlB2（Tm=980℃）可作为α-Mg的异质核心，大量异质结晶核心的存在是使α-Mg晶粒细化的主要原因。     

Superplastic behavior of Al-Cu-Li based alloy

The superplastic behavior was studied in an Al-4Cu-ILi-0.4Mg-0.4Ag-0.1Zr alloy. The alloys were manufactured both by＂ a conventional rolling route and a thermo-mechanical treatment route. The superplastic properties were evaluated as a function of temperature, strain rate, and processing history. Prior to thermo-mechanical processing, the alloys have elevated-temperature ductilities of 94% to 130%, strain rate sensitivities of about 0.25, and activation energies corresponding to lattice diffusion. After thermo-mechanical processing, the alloys have ductilities of 200% to 630%, strain rate sensitivity of about 0.42, and activation energies corresponding to grain boundary diffusion or a mixture of grain boundary diffusion and lattice diffusion. Skipping rapid recrystallization annealing can supply a higher value of elongation-to-failure.     

Effect of Zr content on quench sensitivity of AlZnMgCu alloys

The effect of Zr content on quench sensitivity of AlZnMgCu alloys was investigated by mechanical properties testing and microstructure observations. The results show that with the increase of Zr the quench sensitivity relative to hardness and strength increases, while that relative to elongation decreases. From hardness and strength viewpoints, the low quench sensitivity is observed for the Zr-free and 0.05% Zr-containing alloys, which is quite quench sensitive from the ductility viewpoint. The largest quench sensitivity relative to hardness and strength is observed for 0.1% Zr-containing alloy, this is mainly due to large amount of high angle grain boundaries and incoherent Al3Zr dispersoids caused by recrystallization, which may efficiently promote heterogeneous precipitation during air quenching. More than 0.05% Zr can significantly decrease the quench sensitivity relative to ductility, which can be primarily attributed to recrystallization inhibiting and grain refining effects of Zr.     

表面处理对球墨铸铁接触疲劳性能的影响

本文研究了激光微熔处理和高频感应加热淬火对球墨铸铁表面组织、接触疲劳强度和接触疲劳破坏过程的影响。结果表明,激光处理和高频淬火均可提高球铁的接触疲劳强度,但其接触疲劳破坏过程和形式却不同,前者是由于硬化层与基体间裂纹扩展造成大块深层剥落,后者则是表层裂纹在油楔作用下造成小块浅层脱落。