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针对海域天然气水合物降压开采井身结构和管柱设计的特点,综合考虑水合物储层-生产井动态耦合、井下加热器预热和电潜泵实时排采的影响,建立了水合物降压生产期间井筒气液两相流模型及数值求解算法,提出了基于瞬态多相流实时优化泵排量的生产压差自动控制方法,并利用日本第1次水合物试采和中国南海深水气井现场实测数据对模型进行了验证。结合海域水合物试采的地质条件和环境特征,开展数值模拟研究,检测了不同生产压差控制方法的性能,分析了不同生产设计参数条件下生产管柱内的气液流动特性。研究结果显示,所提出的方法能够准确完成降压目标,而Shimizu方法具有一定的随机性;在水合物降压开采过程中,增大生产管柱的管径、施加井口回压、降低电潜泵的安装深度和提高生产压差均可以降低井内的液位高度,其中井口回压对液位高度的影响起着绝对主导作用,而电潜泵位置的影响最小;当采气管线的管径减小至0.108 m、井口回压低于0.12 MPa、生产压差小于2.16 MPa时,主流管线内会出现连续排水现象。 相似文献
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Phase equilibrium conditions of gas hydrate in several systems were measured by the step-heating method using the cylindrical transparent sapphire cell device. The experimental data for pure CH4 or CO2 + deionized water systems showed good agreement with those in the literatures. This kind of method was then applied to CH4/CO2 + sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) aqueous solution, CH4/CO2 + SDS aqueous solution + silica sand, and (CH4 + C2H6 + C3H8) gas mixture + SDS aqueous solution systems, where SDS was added to increase the hydrate formation rate without evident influence on the equilibrium conditions. The feasibility and reliability of the step-heating method, especially for porous media systems and gas mixtures systems were determined. The experimental data for CO2 + silica sand data shows that the equilibrium pressure will change significantly when the particle size of silica sand is less than 96 μm. The formation equilibrium pressure was also measured by the reformation of hydrate. 相似文献
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