Encoded moire inspection based on a computer solid model

An investigation into a system linking a computer solid modeler to an active stereo imaging inspection station is presented. Given the computer solid model of a surface, a projected pattern can be encoded so that the reflections from the object's surface exhibit a uniformly simple pattern when the object's surface and the modeled surface are identical. Research concerning the method of generating projection patterns, as well as the sensitivity of the system, is discussed. A prototype system consisting of a computer graphics workstation; a flexible projector, and a machine vision system was used to inspect two different manufactured parts     

Analytic physics-based expressions for the empirical parameters ofthe Statz-Pucel MESFET model

The authors present a novel approach to the evaluation of the DC parameters of a semiempirical MESFET model: starting from the analytical expression of the drain current derived from a previously proposed physics-based model, they provide a method to calculate the empirical DC parameters of the so-called Raytheon model. The comparison between computed and measured DC characteristics is quite satisfactory on GaAs microwave FETs of 1 μm or more gate length. By adding to the results obtained in this work an adequate model of the stray capacitances, the circuit performance can be optimized using the technological characteristics of active devices     

Comparative experimental investigations of low-discharge centrifugal compressors with different diffusers

Translated from Khimicheskoe i Neftyanoe Mashinostroenie, No. 8, pp. 7–8, August, 1992.     

Modeling of multilevel converters

In this paper, the imbricated cells multilevel converters are studied and modeled from a control viewpoint. These converters make use of several switches connected in a series, which allows using switches with reduced voltage ratings; these low voltage switches have lower conduction losses and can switch at higher frequency. In addition to this feature common to all converters using series connected switches, the control signals of multilevel converters can be phase shifted to increase the apparent switching frequency and improve the dynamic performances of the whole converter. It is shown that a multilevel inverter leg, composed of p pairs of switches and p-1 capacitors, forms a multivariable nonlinear system that cannot be properly modeled by standard methods such as state-space averaging. The transient behavior of this system depends on the current harmonics and their phase shift with the different control signals. A specific model is detailed, studied, and used to illustrate the properties of these converters. In particular, the natural balancing of the voltage across the switches is demonstrated and the time constants involved in this process are determined     

Histologically confirmed changes on CT of reoperated low-grade astrocytomas

During a 15-year period 37 patients with primary low-grade astrocytoma have been operated upon twice in our institute. CT and histological data at the time of the first and second operations were compared. The majority of primary astrocytomas showed as a low-density area without contrast enhancement; minimal, mainly marginal enhancement was present in six cases. At reoperation 10 tumours were histologically unchanged; the corresponding CT studies displayed a nonenhancing lesion, although insignificant contrast uptake could be seen in three cases. There were 18 tumours which had transformed into anaplastic astrocytoma: CT before repeat surgery showed more or less marked enhancement. In all nine cases which progressed into glioblastoma multiforme strong contrast enhancement was seen on CT at the time of recurrence. Although the grade of contrast uptake varied, the appearance of or increase in enhancement was a sign of some degree of anaplastic change, particularly convincing in cases of dedifferentiated glioblastoma multiforme.     

Mechanical stress evolution and the blech length: 2D simulation of early electromigration effects

Modeling of stress and electromigration at the microscopic level, in confined interconnect metallic lines with tungsten studs, can very well account for the resistance behaviour in time. The resistance change at saturation for a metallic line with blocking boundaries at both ends can be related, according to the model, to threshold product (jL)_c found by Blech [1].