Collaborative user modeling with user-generated tags for social recommender systems

With the popularity of social media services, the sheer amount of content is increasing exponentially on the Social Web that leads to attract considerable attention to recommender systems. Recommender systems provide users with recommendations of items suited to their needs. To provide proper recommendations to users, recommender systems require an accurate user model that can reflect a user’s characteristics, preferences and needs. In this study, by leveraging user-generated tags as preference indicators, we propose a new collaborative approach to user modeling that can be exploited to recommender systems. Our approach first discovers relevant and irrelevant topics for users, and then enriches an individual user model with collaboration from other similar users. In order to evaluate the performance of our model, we compare experimental results with a user model based on collaborative filtering approaches and a vector space model. The experimental results have shown the proposed model provides a better representation in user interests and achieves better recommendation results in terms of accuracy and ranking.     

Distributed control and speed sensorless for the synchronisation of multi-robot systems

This paper investigates a synchronization approach to trajectory tracking of networked robotic systems while maintaining time-varying formations. The objective is to control networked robots to track a desired trajectory while synchronizing their behaviors. Combining trajectory tracking and synchronization algorithms, the developed approach uses a cross-coupling technical to create interconnections for mutual synchronization of robots. The main objective of distributed approach is to generate an emerging behavior using only local information interactions. First, a distributed scheme is developed to achieve the networked robots synchronization on undirected graph. Then, the leaderless synchronized tracking problem in the case when only position measurements are available, will be presented. For both cases: In the presence of the velocity feedback or in its absence, the controller, designed by incorporating the cross-coupling technical into a sliding mode control architecture, successfully guarantees asymptotic convergence to zero of both position tracking and synchronization errors simultaneously. The Lyapunov-based approach has been used to establish the multi-robot systems asymptotic stability. A real-time software simulator is developed to visualize the synchronized behaviors. Based on LabVIEW integrated development environment (IDE), a developed human-machine-interface (HMI) allows its user to control, in real time, the networked robots. Simulation and experimental results are provided to demonstrate performances of the proposed control schemes.     

A new expert system for learning management systems evaluation based on neutrosophic sets

There has been a sudden increase in the usage of Learning Management Systems applications to support learner's learning process in higher education. Many studies in learning management system evaluation are implemented under complete information, while the real environment has uncertainty aspects. As these systems were described by development organizations with uncertainty terms such as vague, imprecise, ambiguity and inconsistent, that is why traditional evaluation methods may not be effective. This paper suggests neutrosophic logic as a better option to simulate human thinking than fuzzy logic because unlike fuzzy logic, it is able to handle indeterminacy of information which expresses the percentage of unknown parameters. As previous studies suggested neutrosophic decision maker and neutrosophic expert systems as future work in ecommerce and e‐learning applications, this paper presents neutrosphic expert system for learning management systems evaluation. Information for building and validating the neutrosophic expert system is collected from five experts using surveys, and then analysis is done by using Fuzzytech 5.54d software. Finally, the comparison between fuzzy expert system and neutrosophic expert system results show that the neutrosophic logic is capable of representing uncertainty in human thinking for evaluating Learning Management Systems.     

Disassembly Sequencing Using Tabu Search

End-of-life disassembly has developed into a major research area within the sustainability paradigm, resulting in the emergence of several algorithms and structures proposing heuristics techniques such as Genetic Algorithm (GA), Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) and Neural Networks (NN). The performance of the proposed methodologies heavily depends on the accuracy and the flexibility of the algorithms to accommodate several factors such as preserving the precedence relationships during disassembly while obtaining near- optimal and optimal solutions. This paper improves a previously proposed Genetic Algorithm model for disassembly sequencing by utilizing a faster metaheuristic algorithm, Tabu search, to obtain the optimal solution. The objectives of the proposed algorithm are to minimize (1) the traveled distance by the robotic arm, (2) the number of disassembly method changes, and (3) the number of robotic arm travels by combining the identical-material components together and hence eliminating unnecessary disassembly operations. In addition to improving the quality of optimum sequence generation, a comprehensive statistical analysis comparing the previous Genetic Algorithm and the proposed Tabu Search Algorithm is also included     

A modular system for global and local abnormal event detection and categorization in videos

This paper presents a modular system for both abnormal event detection and categorization in videos. Complementary normalcy models are built both globally at the image level and locally within pixels blocks. Three features are analyzed: (1) spatio-temporal evolution of binary motion where foreground pixels are detected using an enhanced background subtraction method that keeps track of temporarily static pixels; (2) optical flow, using a robust pyramidal KLT technique; and (3) motion temporal derivatives. At the local level, a normalcy MOG model is built for each block and for each flow feature and is made more compact using PCA. Then, the activity is analyzed qualitatively using a set of compact hybrid histograms embedding both optical flow orientation (or temporal gradient orientation) and foreground statistics. A compact binary signature of maximal size 13 bits is extracted from these different features for event characterization. The performance of the system is illustrated on different datasets of videos recorded on static cameras. The experiments show that the anomalies are well detected even if the method is not dedicated to one of the addressed scenarios.     

Quantum dot light emitting devices for photomedical applications

While OLEDs have struggled to find a niche lighting application that can fully take advantage of their unique form factors as thin, flexible, lightweight and uniformly large‐area luminaire, photomedical researchers have been in search of low‐cost, effective illumination devices with such form factors that could facilitate widespread clinical applications of photodynamic therapy (PDT) or photobiomodulation (PBM). Although existing OLEDs with either fluorescent or phosphorescent emitters cannot achieve the required high power density at the right wavelength windows for photomedicine, the recently developed ultrabright and efficient deep red quantum dot light emitting devices (QLEDs) can nicely fit into this niche. Here, we report for the first time the in‐vitro study to demonstrate that this QLED‐based photomedical approach could increase cell metabolism over control systems for PBM and kill cancerous cells efficiently for PDT. The perspective of developing wavelength‐specific, flexible QLEDs for two critical photomedical fields (wound repair and cancer treatment) will be presented with their potential impacts summarized. The work promises to generate flexible QLED‐based light sources that could enable the widespread use and clinical acceptance of photomedical strategies including PDT and PBM.     

A two-stage gene selection scheme utilizing MRMR filter and GA wrapper

Gene expression data usually contain a large number of genes, but a small number of samples. Feature selection for gene expression data aims at finding a set of genes that best discriminates biological samples of different types. In this paper, we propose a two-stage selection algorithm for genomic data by combining MRMR (Minimum Redundancy–Maximum Relevance) and GA (Genetic Algorithm). In the first stage, MRMR is used to filter noisy and redundant genes in high-dimensional microarray data. In the second stage, the GA uses the classifier accuracy as a fitness function to select the highly discriminating genes. The proposed method is tested for tumor classification on five open datasets: NCI, Lymphoma, Lung, Leukemia and Colon using Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Naïve Bayes (NB) classifiers. The comparison of the MRMR-GA with MRMR filter and GA wrapper shows that our method is able to find the smallest gene subset that gives the most classification accuracy in leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV).     

Validating the ISO/IEC 15504 measure of software requirementsanalysis process capability

ISO/IEC 15504 is an emerging international standard on software process assessment. It defines a number of software engineering processes and a scale for measuring their capability. One of the defined processes is software requirements analysis (SRA). A basic premise of the measurement scale is that higher process capability is associated with better project performance (i.e., predictive validity). The paper describes an empirical study that evaluates the predictive validity of SRA process capability. Assessments using ISO/IEC 15504 were conducted on 56 projects world-wide over a period of two years. Performance measures on each project were also collected using questionnaires, such as the ability to meet budget commitments and staff productivity. The results provide strong evidence of predictive validity for the SRA process capability measure used in ISO/IEC 15504, but only for organizations with more than 50 IT staff. Specifically, a strong relationship was found between the implementation of requirements analysis practices as defined in ISO/IEC 15504 and the productivity of software projects. For smaller organizations, evidence of predictive validity was rather weak. This can be interpreted in a number of different ways: that the measure of capability is not suitable for small organizations or that the SRA process capability has less effect on project performance for small organizations     

Optimal structure for heat and cold protection under transient heat conduction

A suitable combination of materials for sheltering a system from a sudden change of environmental temperature has been theoretically studied. The protective composite wall consists of two materials. An insulating material is placed on the outer surface, while, for the inner surface, materials that have good heat storage properties but negligible heat transfer resistance are chosen. The results show that by replacing some of the insulation material with a heat storage material, the temperature of the protected system can be maintained at a considerably lower level. Although the optimal thickness ratio X depends on the Biot number, Fourier number, and on the heat capacity ratio K _C, for a large number of thermal protection cases, the approximation X = 0.45 yields practically the minimum progress of the transient. If the Biot number is sufficiently small, it is better to replace all of the insulation material with a good heat storage material.     

Curve/surface representation and evolution using vector level sets with application to the shape-based segmentation problem

In this paper, we revisit the implicit front representation and evolution using the vector level set function (VLSF) proposed in (H. E. Abd El Munim, et al., Oct. 2005). Unlike conventional scalar level sets, this function is designed to have a vector form. The distance from any point to the nearest point on the front has components (projections) in the coordinate directions included in the vector function. This kind of representation is used to evolve closed planar curves and 3D surfaces as well. Maintaining the VLSF property as the distance projections through evolution will be considered together with a detailed derivation of the vector partial differential equation (PDE) for such evolution. A shape-based segmentation framework will be demonstrated as an application of the given implicit representation. The proposed level set function system will be used to represent shapes to give a dissimilarity measure in a variational object registration process. This kind of formulation permits us to better control the process of shape registration, which is an important part in the shape-based segmentation framework. The method depends on a set of training shapes used to build a parametric shape model. The color is taken into consideration besides the shape prior information. The shape model is fitted to the image volume by registration through an energy minimization problem. The approach overcomes the conventional methods problems like point correspondences and weighing coefficients tuning of the evolution (PDEs). It is also suitable for multidimensional data and computationally efficient. Results in 2D and 3D of real and synthetic data will demonstrate the efficiency of the framework