Immobilization of Co(III) using tethered cyclam ligand on SBA-15 mesoporous silica for aerial oxidation of ethylbenzene

Cyclam type macrocyclic ligand was tethered onto mesoporous silica surface through N-functionalization of the cyclam. The mesoporous silica was synthesized directly with in-built chloropropyl functional group by applying microwave synthesis approach and the cyclam ligand was tethered via the surface substitution reaction of the chloro group. The tethered cyclam ligand was proven to facilely accommodate Co(III) cation into its cavity. This Co(III)cyclam-functionalized mesoporous silica showed good catalytic activity in the aerial oxidation of ethylbenzene to give acetophenone as the major product, which exceeded 60%. The presence of pyridine ligand which bounded to the axial sites of the tethered Co(III)cyclam complex enhanced the activity of the catalyst with sustaining the selectivity.     

Computing Derivatives of Noisy Signals Using Orthogonal Functions Expansions

In many applications noisy signals are measured. These signals have to be filtered and, sometimes, their derivative has to be computed. In this paper a method for filtering the signals and computing the derivatives is presented. This method is based on expansion onto transformed Legendre polynomials. Numerical examples demonstrate the efficacy of the method as well as the theoretical estimates. This research was supported by the ISRAEL SCIENCE FOUNDATION (grant No. 1364/04) and the UNITED STATES-ISRAEL BINATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION (grant No. 2004099).     

Description of laser pulses using Fourier analysis

The output of lasers in various modes of operation is described in a unified way, using Fourier analysis. A novel model for treating an active Fabry-Perot cavity, including the case of high gain, is developed resulting in a more exact expression for the spectral width of the cavity modes. Simple mathematical tools are given to relate the observed pulse length with the average gain and with the initial population inversion in the laser medium. It is shown that lasers with homogeneously broadened spectral lines have cavity modes of equal width and that if the modes are locked together the resulting ultrashort pulses are of equal duration. For lasers with inhomogeneously broadened spectral lines the cavity modes vary in width along the gain curve and, when mode-locked, the ultrashort pulses increase monotonically in duration along the emitted pulse train.     

Low temperature preparation of polycrystalline lead-tin tellurides in a lead iodide flux

Lead-tin telluride was prepared as a polycrystalline powder by heating a mixture of the component elements in a lead iodide flux at about 650°C. The powder, as prepared, can be used as raw material for single crystal growth or epitaxial film preparation.     

Current-induced light modulation using quantum wells in the collector of heterojunction bipolar transistors

We incorporated InGaAs quantum wells within the collector of InP-based heterojunction bipolar transistors to form novel light-modulating devices. We studied the properties of these devices as light modulators by direct current injection. The devices were characterized using differential photocurrent and transmission spectroscopies. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of light modulation based on current rather than electric field modulation. Maximum modulation is achieved when the accumulated carriers quench the excitonic absorption resonance.     

On the solution of maximization problems of optimal design by geometric programming

Summary A geometric programming method, recently developed for the constrained maximization of posynomials, is presented and illustrated by an application to the optimal design of a torsion bar spring.Research supported by the National Science Foundation, Project GP 13546.     

Numerical study of 2024 T3 aluminum plates subjected to impact and perforation

The paper describes a work focused on the process of perforation of aluminum sheet. A numerical investigation has been carried out to analyze in details the perforation process subjected to normal impact by different nose shapes of projectiles. The perforation process has been simulated by the application of 3D analysis using IMPACT dynamic FE program suite. The comparison on failure modes depending on the projectile nose shape have been studied and evaluated. An appropriate constitutive relation was applied to describe the material behavior of the aluminum sheet. The study covered different failure modes including petalling, plug ejection and circumference necking of perforated aluminum sheet according to different level of impact velocity ranging from 100 m/s to 600 m/s. In this investigation, a special attention will be given on the deformation and failure.     

IGC study of surface properties of adsorbed styrene/methacrylic acid diblock polymers

An inverse gas chromatographic study has been carried out on a styrene/methacrylic acid diblock polymer adsorbed on particulates of varying acid/base interaction potential. Acid/base interactions between polymer and substrate were shown to result in the selective adsorption of copolymer moieties, leading to interphase surface compositions that varied with thickness. At higher interphase thicknesses, bulk and surface compositions became similar; however, depending on the interaction potential of the adsorbent, the interphase thicknesses at this point varied from 100 to 1000 Å. Adsorbed diblock interphases are to be considered nonisotropic in local composition and molecular conformation. These properties may make possible designing diblock interphases to meet specific compatibilization requirements in polymer composites. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.