相对集中城市规划行政处罚权应慎行

相对集中行政处罚权制度从试点转向全面推行,取得的成绩是明显的。但就城市规划而言,将城市规划行政处罚权纳入集中范围的做法,尚存在合法性、合理性及可行性的问题,全面推行这一制度将对城市规划法制造成深远影响。城市规划行政执法有其特殊性,不宜纳入相对集中的范围。     

关于城市规划行政许可若干问题的思考

根据《行政许可法》的规定,现行有效的规划许可事项主要包括建设项目选址规划许可、建设用地规划许可和建设工程规划许可。县级以上的规划主管部门是法定的规划许可主体,设区的市所辖区、各类开发区的规划管理机构及建制镇政府均不享有规划许可主体资格。《行政许可法》规定的许可条件和程序、监督与责任等无条件适用于规划许可,规划管理实践中必须严格执行,同时注意找准规划许可与《行政许可法》的切入点。     

烤烟新品种中川208的选育及特征特性

烤烟新品种中川208（CF228）是以优质、适产、抗TMV为主攻目标,以MS中烟103为母本,烤烟新品系T136为父本,经杂交选育而成的雄性不育一代杂交种。该品种生长势强,株式塔型,叶形椭圆;综合经济性状显著优于K326,略优于云烟87;外观质量优于K326,略优于或相当于云烟87;烤后烟叶钾离子含量相对较高,化学成分协调;能够彰显区域风格特征,工业可用性较强,在西南烟区清香风格明显,清甜香韵突出;对TMV免疫,中感黑胫病、根结线虫病和PVY,感青枯病、赤星病和CMV。综合评价,中川208是质量性状、经济性状和抗病抗逆性状较能兼顾的烤烟新品种,适应性强,适宜在西南和华中烟区种植。     

基于力触觉手柄的虚拟环境力反馈交互系统稳定性分析

基于力触觉手柄的虚拟环境(VE)力反馈系统在人机交互领域得到广泛应用,稳定性是系统正常工作的前提。首先将力反馈设备、虚拟交互环境以及操作者作为独立模块单独建模,再基于阻抗再现方法建立力反馈交互系统闭环控制模型,并利用赫尔维兹判据推导了系统稳定的条件,利用频率响应函数分析了刚度和阻尼、零阶保持器的信号保持时间间隔以及操作者阻抗对系统稳定性的影响,给出了虚拟刚度、虚拟阻尼以及操作者阻抗等影响因素的临界稳定条件。利用研制的力反馈触觉手柄构建了实验系统并进行了实验研究,针对不同的力反馈频率和不同的阻抗分析了不同条件下的系统稳定性。实验结果证明了理论分析的正确性。     

碱对镀锌铁表面CaCO3污垢生长特性的影响机理研究

为解决因水结垢造成的管线堵塞问题,提出了变被动结垢为主动结垢的思路。针对某油田注入水,以镀锌铁为研究基质,综合动态模拟剪切实验以及SEM、EDS和浊度测试,探究碱类型和浓度对CaCO₃污垢生长特性的影响机理。结果表明5种常用碱——碳酸钠Na₂CO₃、碳酸氢钠NaHCO₃、三乙醇胺TEOA、氢氧化钙Ca(OH)₂和氧化钙CaO对污垢结垢量、失钙率及结垢诱导期影响各异,其中Na₂CO₃对失钙速率影响显著,而CaO对结垢速率影响较为明显。其次,不同碱促使污垢形成不同的晶型晶貌,其中方块状和层状垢物易于在材料表面堆积,即有利于结垢。最后,碱浓度对污垢生长影响具有双重性,存在抑垢和促垢浓度区间。     

PCN-Fe(III)-PTX nanoparticles for MRI guided high efficiency chemo-photodynamic therapy in pancreatic cancer through alleviating tumor hypoxia

As nanomedicine-based clinical strategies have continued to develop, the possibility of combining chemotherapy and singlet oxygen-dependent photodynamic therapy (PDT) to treat pancreatic cancer (PaC) has emerged as a viable therapeutic modality. The efficacy of such an approach, however, is likely to be constrained by the mechanisms of drug release and tumor oxygen levels. In the present study, we developed an Fe(III)-complexed porous coordination network (PCN) which we then used to encapsulate PTX (PCN-Fe(III)-PTX) nanoparticles (NPs) in order to treat PaC via a combination of chemotherapy and PDT. The resultant NPs were able to release drug in response to both laser irradiation and pH changes to promote drug accumulation within tumors. Furthermore, through a Fe(III)-based Fenton-like reaction these NPs were able to convert H₂O₂ in the tumor site to O₂, thereby regulating local hypoxic conditions and enhancing the efficacy of PDT approaches. Also these NPs were suitable for use as a T₁-MRI weighted contrast agent, making them viable for monitoring therapeutic efficacy upon treatment. Our results in both cell line and animal models of PaC suggest that these NPs represent an ideal agent for mediating effective MRI-guided chemotherapy-PDT, giving them great promise for the clinical treatment of PaC.

     

燃烧室容积多微机测控系统

分析了Ｇ４２７发动机抽盖在生产过程中存在的问题及解决的方法和步骤，详细介绍了ＧＧＣＡＭ－１分布式多微机系统各部分的组成及工作管理，通信网络结构与通信控制。实际作用表明，该系统结构简单，运行可靠，且具有较高的性能价值比。     

In-situ observation and relocation method of nanomaterial samples based on microscope systems

Taking poly(lactic acid) microbubbles and purple membranes as examples, a general in situ observation and relocation method of nanomaterial samples based on microscope systems was reported. First, a four-grade coordinate with different precisions was marked around a substrate by UV lithography. Second, using optical microscope and scanning probe microscope, special positions of poly(lactic acid) microbubbles and purple membranes were observed, respectively. Third, the four-grade coordinate value corresponded to the special sample position, and the distance between the special position and coordinate edge were recorded, respectively. Finally, the special position can be easily found again, or the sample in the special position can be manipulated and secondary processed based on the recorded coordinate value and distance, after the sample was removed and then was reset on the sample stage of microscope. The in situ observation and relocation method can be applied in different microscope systems and different sample substrates, and will have potential applications in the manipulation and the secondary process of micro- and nano-devices.