某型飞行模拟器火控控制台设计与实现

为增强某型飞行模拟器火控系统的人机交互体验,提高飞行模拟训练质量,设计实现了一种基于数据采集卡的某型飞行模拟器火控控制台;通过VC++6.0调用数据采集卡的函数库,采集控制台开关量状态和旋钮输出模拟信号电压值,并输出模拟器内部部分标志位供控制台数字显示电路进行数据显示;实际应用表明,该控制台稳定性好、响应速度快,可准确模拟火控系统操作程序,满足了某型飞机火控系统的训练需要。     

Comments on Debra Hull's concept of rationality.

D. B. Hull (1988) misinterprets "rationality" as used in rational-emotive therapy (RET) in her critique of the present author's (1987) article. As used in RET, rational not only means derived from reason, but also means efficiently aiding human happiness. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

需求分析与软件可靠性保证

通过对软件测试过程中产生的数据进行分析,对照软件设计过程中需求分析中的错误或缺陷,对有关可靠性指标进行反复度量,明确软件错误的分布以减少其对软件需求分析可靠性的影响,进而对相关的错误或缺陷进行控制。     

Partial-predicate logic in computer science

Summary In A Logic Covering Undefinedness in Program Proofs [1], Barringer, Cheng and Jones present a 3-valued logic designed for Program-Verification and Computer Science applications in general. In this paper we want to add some the oretical background to their arguments for the need for such a system.     

Novel application of nanocrystalline nickel electrodeposit: Making good diamond tools easily, efficiently and economically

Electrodeposition has been identified as a feasible and economical technique for nanomaterials application. This article details an improved approach to producing better diamond tools at lower cost and with higher productivity. Pulse-electroformed nanocrystalline nickel was used as the new matrix. The pulse parameters were determined after examination of the microstructure, grain size, hardness and tensile strength of the deposits obtained at different average current densities (J_m) with constant pulse-on time and pulse-off time. It is shown that, with J_m ranging from 1 Adm^− 2 to 14 Adm^− 2, the grain size decreases sharply from 180 nm to about 10 nm while the hardness and tensile strength significantly increase at first and then reach their peaks respectively, although the strength fails to stay long. Current density J_m that produced the highest hardness and strength of deposit (with grain size of 20 nm) was chosen for new diamond tools that exhibited 20.2% longer service life than their usual Ni-Co counterparts. Therefore, nanocrystalline electrodeposits are expected to be an upgrading substitute for conventional polycrystalline matrix.     

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Activate the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and the Constitutive Androstane Receptor to Regulate Xenobiotic Metabolism in Human Liver Cells

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are environmental pollutants produced by incomplete combustion of organic matter. They induce their own metabolism by upregulating xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes such as cytochrome P450 monooxygenase 1A1 (CYP1A1) by activating the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). However, previous studies showed that individual PAHs may also interact with the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR). Here, we studied ten PAHs, different in carcinogenicity classification, for their potential to activate AHR- and CAR-dependent luciferase reporter genes in human liver cells. The majority of investigated PAHs activated AHR, while non-carcinogenic PAHs tended to activate CAR. We further characterized gene expression, protein abundancies and activities of the AHR targets CYP1A1 and 1A2, and the CAR target CYP2B6 in human HepaRG hepatoma cells. Enzyme induction patterns strongly resembled the profiles obtained at the receptor level, with AHR-activating PAHs inducing CYP1A1/1A2 and CAR-activating PAHs inducing CYP2B6. In summary, this study provides evidence that beside well-known activation of AHR, some PAHs also activate CAR, followed by subsequent expression of respective target genes. Furthermore, we found that an increased PAH ring number is associated with AHR activation as well as the induction of DNA double-strand breaks, whereas smaller PAHs activated CAR but showed no DNA-damaging potential.     

Bionic Design and Simulation Analysis of Energy-Efficient and Vibration-Damping Walking Mechanism

节能减振步行机构的仿生设计及仿真分析

张锐¹,庞浩¹,何远^1,2,韩佃雷¹,文立阁³,江磊⁴,李建桥¹

（1. 吉林大学 工程仿生教育部重点实验室,长春 130022;

2. 长春长光睿视光电技术有限责任公司,长春 130102;

3. 吉林大学 机械与航天工程学院,长春 130022;

4. 中国北方车辆研究所,北京 100072）

摘要：非洲鸵鸟能以60 km/h的速度持续奔跑30分钟,其后肢结构具有优良的节能、减振性能。为实现腿式机器人高效节能、缓冲减振的腿部机构的设计,根据鸵鸟跗骨间关节的被动回弹特性以及腿部的输出刚度可变特性,结合鸵鸟后肢结构的比例和尺寸,设计出了仿生刚-柔复合腿式机器人单腿结构。并且利用ADAMS软件模拟了仿生机械腿的运动。通过运动仿真分析,研究了内弹簧刚度系数在一定范围内的变化对机身质心垂直加速度以及电机功耗的影响,获得最佳的内弹簧刚度系数为200 N/mm,并进一步验证了内外弹簧机制能够有效地降低机械腿的能耗。仿真结果表明,采用内外弹簧机制能够有效降低电机约72.49%能耗。

关键词：工程仿生;仿生机械腿;被动回弹特性;刚-柔复合结构;节能减振

     

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Promising Treatment Option for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer?

Since 2010, several treatment options have been available for men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), including immunotherapeutic agents, although the clinical benefit of these agents remains inconclusive in unselected mCRPC patients. In recent years, however, immunotherapy has re-emerged as a promising therapeutic option to stimulate antitumor immunity, particularly with the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 inhibitors. There is increasing evidence that ICIs may be especially beneficial in specific subgroups of patients with high PD-L1 tumor expression, high tumor mutational burden, or tumors with high microsatellite instability/mismatch repair deficiency. If we are to improve the efficacy of ICIs, it is crucial to have a better understanding of the mechanisms of resistance to ICIs and to identify predictive biomarkers to determine which patients are most likely to benefit. This review focuses on the current status of ICIs for the treatment of mCRPC (either as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs), mechanisms of resistance, potential predictive biomarkers, and future challenges in the management of mCRPC.     

工艺因素对82B钢280 mm x325 mm铸坯凝固过程的影响

为模拟不同工艺条件下的连铸坯的凝固过程,采用有限元法模拟了82B钢连铸的凝固过程,获得280 mm×325 mm连铸坯的温度场。结果表明,随拉速从0.60 m/min增加到0.76 m/min,凝固时f_s=1处与f_s=0处皆后移,但中心凝固时间反而增加了9.8%。随过热度由15℃增加到50℃时,凝固末端f_s=1处同样后移,约后移1.1 m。根据模拟结果改进连铸工艺,当拉速从0.60 m/min增加到0.76m/min,增加轻压下工艺可改善低倍质量。     

TiCN基硬质合金刀具切削性能与切削机理研究

通过系统地切削试验，研究了TiCN基新型硬质合金刀具在耐磨性、抗冲击性、切削力、刀一屑摩擦系数、加工表面质量等方面的切削性能特点；并通过一定的理论分析，探讨了TiCN基硬质合金综合性能优越的切削机理。研究所得大量切削试验数据及回归经验公式等，可供TiCN基硬质合金刀具推广应用时参考。