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91.
Paola Maroni Paola Bendinelli Daniele Morelli Lorenzo Drago Alessandro Luzzati Giuseppe Perrucchini Chiara Bonini Emanuela Matteucci Maria Alfonsina Desiderio 《International journal of molecular sciences》2015,16(12):28108-28122
In order to become established in the skeleton, metastatic cells disseminating from the breast carcinoma need to acquire organ-specific traits. There are no effective predictors for who will develop bone metastasis to guide long-term predictive therapy. Our purpose was to individuate events critical for bone colonization to make a molecular classification of breast carcinoma useful for bone-metastasis outcome. In dysplasia adjacent to carcinoma and in pair-matched specimens of bone metastasis we examined SPARC expression and localization as well as Endothelin 1/ETAR signals by immunohistochemistry, and the evaluation of plasma levels of SPARC by ELISA was also performed. In patients with breast carcinoma metastasizing to bone, SPARC and Endothelin 1/ETAR axis were highly expressed from dysplasia until bone metastasis, but the SPARC plasma level was as low as that of normal women, in contrast to patients that never develop bone metastasis, suggesting that circulating SPARC was counter adhesive. Altogether, the early identification of SPARC/Endothelin 1/ETAR in dysplastic lesions would be important to devise therapies preventing metastasis engraftment, since often carcinoma cells spread to distant organs at the time or even before patients present with cancer. 相似文献
92.
93.
Michelina Catauro Elisabetta Tranquillo Alessandro Dell’Era Riccardo Tuffi Stefano Vecchio Ciprioti 《Ceramics International》2019,45(2):2771-2778
The thermal behavior of pure ZrO2 and four ZrO2-based organic-inorganic hybrids (OIHs) containing increasing amount (6, 12, 24 and 50?wt%) of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) (named Z, ZP6, ZP12, ZP24 and ZP50 respectively) has been studied by simultaneous thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The FTIR analysis of the gas mixture evolved at defined temperatures from the samples submitted to the TG experiments identified the mechanism of each thermally activated process. The obtained results suggest that the inorganic matrix of the OIHs prepared by this method exerts a stabilizing effect on the polymer, in particular for poor-PCL hybrid materials. In fact, the different thermal behavior of the ZP50 sample suggests that the polymer is not entirely bonded to the -OH groups of the zirconia matrix due to their saturation. For this reason a part of PCL is not affected by the stabilizing effect of the matrix and is subjected to thermal degradation. Finally, by observing their thermal behavior it was possible to select the most suitable temperatures for thermal pretreatment: 400, 600 and 1000?°C. The structural analysis by X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed that at 400?°C the materials are amorphous, while at 600?°C they are mostly tetragonal, and the content of the tetragonal phase decreases with increasing the amount of PCL in the OIHs. All the materials treated at 1000?°C are monoclinic, but their crystallinity decreases with increasing the PCL content. 相似文献
94.
Mohamed Latoui Bahar Aliakbarian Alessandro A. Casazza Mongi Seffen Attilio Converti Patrizia Perego 《Food and Bioproducts Processing》2012,90(4):748-754
The primary objective of this study was to valorized Vitex agnus-castus residues in terms of phenolic compounds. The effects of extraction time (30–360 min), solid to liquid ratio (0.1–0.3 gDryBiomass/mlSolvent), type of solvent and different tissue types (leave, roots and seeds) on total polyphenols, o-diphenols, total flavonoids and anthocyanins were evaluated. The highest total polyphenol (31.5 mgCaffeicAcidEquivalent/gDryBiomass) and o-diphenol (12.4 mgCaffeicAcidEquivalent/gDryBiomass) contents were obtained from methanolic extract of leaves after 180 min using a solid/liquid ratio of 0.1 gDryBiomass/mlSolvent, while total flavonoids, reached a maximum value of 19.4 mgCatechinEquivalent/gDryBiomass after 360 min under the same conditions. Roots of V. agnus-castus were found to be a good source of anthocyanins with the highest yield of 0.62 mgMalvidinEquivalent/gDryBiomass using ethanol as a solvent (180 min and 0.2 gDryBiomass/mlSolvent). The maximum antiradical power (178.5 μlextract/μgDPPH) was exhibited by the methanolic leave extract obtained after 360 min at solid/liquid ratio of 0.3 gDryBiomass/mlSolvent. 相似文献
95.
Metal complexes containing allenylidene and higher cumulenylidene ligands: a theoretical perspective
Transition metal complexes containing unsaturated carbenes have enjoyed a recent surge in research interest. In addition to showing potential as molecular wires and as components of opto-electronic materials, they provide multifaceted reactive sites for organic synthesis. In this Account, we describe results of recent theoretical studies that delineate the main features of electronic structure and bonding in allenylidenes and higher cumulenylidene complexes, [L(m)M]═C(═C)(n)═CR(1)R(2) (where L represents the ligand, M the metal, and n ≥ 1). Although free cumulenylidene ligands, :C(═C)(n)═CR(1)R(2), are extremely unstable and reactive species, they can be stabilized by coordination to a transition metal. The σ-donation of the electron lone pair on the terminal carbon atom to an empty metal d-orbital, together with the simultaneous π back-donation from filled metal d(π)-orbitals to empty cumulene π* system orbitals, leads to the formation of a strong M═C bond with multiple character. Density functional theory studies on the model systems [(CO)(5)Cr(═C)(n)CH(2)] and [trans-Cl(PH(3))(4)Ru(═C)(n)CH(2)](+) (where n = 1-9) have been useful in interpreting the structural and spectroscopic properties and the reactivity of this class of complexes. Geometry optimizations significantly contributed to the generalization of the sparse structural data available for allenylidene, butatrienylidene, and pentatetraenylidene complexes to higher cumulenylidene complexes (with up to eight carbon atoms in the chain), which show a clear structural trend. In particular, the geometries of all even-chain cumulenes are consistent with an almost purely cumulenic structure, whereas the geometries of odd-chain cumulenes present a significant polyyne-like carbon-carbon bond length alternation. The calculated bond dissociation energies (BDEs) of the cumulenylidene ligand remain almost constant on lengthening the cumulene chain. These BDEs indicate that there is no thermodynamic upper limit to the cumulene chain length and suggest that the synthetic difficulties in preparing higher cumulenylidenes are due to an increase in reactivity. The calculated charges on the carbon atoms show no significant polarization along the cumulene chain, indicating that charge distribution is not important in determining the regioselectivity of either electrophilic or nucleophilic attack, which is instead determined by frontier orbital factors. The breakdown of the contributions from the metal and the carbon atoms along the chain to the HOMO and LUMO shows that the HOMO has contributions mainly from the metal and the carbon atoms in even positions along the chain (C(2), C(4), C(6), and higher). In contrast, the LUMO has contributions mainly from the carbon atoms in odd positions along the chain (C(1), C(3), C(5), and higher), thus explaining the experimentally observed regioselectivity of electrophilic and nucleophilic attacks, which are directed, respectively, to even and odd positions of the cumulenylidene chain. The study of the electronic structure of cumulenylidenes has allowed us not only to give a consistent rationale for the main structural and spectroscopic properties and for the reactivity of this emerging class of compounds but also to predict the effect of ancillary ligands on the metal center or substituents on the carbon end. The result is a useful guide to new developments in the still-underexplored fields of this fascinating class of compounds. 相似文献
96.
Dr. Lilia Clima Bogdan Florin Craciun Dr. Andrea Angeli Andrea Petreni Alessandro Bonardi Dr. Alessio Nocentini Dr. Fabrizio Carta Prof. Paola Gratteri Prof. Mariana Pinteala Prof. Claudiu T. Supuran 《ChemMedChem》2020,15(21):2052-2057
We report novel molecules incorporating the nontoxic squalene scaffold and different carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs). Potent inhibitory action, in the low-nanomolar range, was detected against isoforms hCA II for sulfonamide derivatives, which proved to be selective against this isoform over the tumor-associate hCA IX and XII isoforms. On the other hand, coumarin derivatives showed weak potency but high selectivity against the tumor-associated isoform CA IX. These compounds are interesting candidates for preclinical evaluation in glaucoma or various tumors in which the two enzymes are involved. In addition, an in silico study of inhibitor-bound hCA II revealed extensive interactions with the hydrophobic pocket of the active site and provided molecular insights into the binding properties of these new inhibitors. 相似文献
97.
Dr. Rosaria Ciriminna Dr. Alexandra Fidalgo Dr. Francesco Meneguzzo Dr. Alessandro Presentato Dr. Antonino Scurria Dr. Domenico Nuzzo Prof. Rosa Alduina Prof. Laura M. Ilharco Dr. Mario Pagliaro 《ChemMedChem》2020,15(23):2228-2235
First reported in the late 1930s and partly explained in 1970, the antibacterial activity of pectin remained almost ignored until the late 1990s. The concomitant emergence of research on natural antibacterials and new usages of pectin polysaccharides, including those in medicine widely researched in Russia, has led to a renaissance of research into the physiological properties of this uniquely versatile polysaccharide ubiquitous in plants and fruits. By collecting scattered information, this study provides an updated overview of the subtle factors affecting the behaviour of pectin as an antimicrobial. Less-degraded pectin extracted by acid-free routes, we argue in the conclusions, will soon find applications from new treatments for polymicrobial infections to use as an implantable biomaterial in tissue and bone engineering. 相似文献
98.
Alessandro Lucidi Danilo Buca Carlo Ronsini Sara Tinari Giuseppina Bologna Davide Buca Martina Leombroni Marco Liberati Francesco DAntonio Giovanni Scambia Paola Lanuti Marco Petrillo 《International journal of molecular sciences》2020,21(22)
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of cell-derived submicron vesicles released under physiological or pathological conditions. EVs mediate the cellular crosstalk, thus contributing to defining the tumor microenvironment, including in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The available literature investigating the role of EVs in EOC has been reviewed following PRISMA guidelines, focusing on the role of EVs in early disease diagnosis, metastatic spread, and the development of chemoresistance in EOC. Data were identified from searches of Medline, Current Contents, PubMed, and from references in relevant articles from 2010 to 1 April 2020. The research yielded 194 results. Of these, a total of 36 papers, 9 reviews, and 27 original types of research were retained and analyzed. The literature findings demonstrate that a panel of EV-derived circulating miRNAs may be useful for early diagnosis of EOC. Furthermore, it appears clear that EVs are involved in mediating two crucial processes for metastatic and chemoresistance development: the epithelial–mesenchymal transition, and tumor escape from the immune system response. Further studies, more focused on in vivo evidence, are urgently needed to clarify the role of EV assessment in the clinical management of EOC patients. 相似文献
99.
Recently, drug personalization has received noticeable attention. Problems arising from standard generalized drug treatments have aroused over the years, particularly among pediatric and geriatric patients. The growing awareness of the limitations of the “one-size-fits-all” approach has progressively led to a rethinking of the current medicine's development, laying the basis of personalized medicine. Three-dimensional printing is a promising tool for realizing personalized therapeutic solutions fitting specific patient needs. This technology offers the possibility to manufacture drug delivery devices with tailored doses, sizes, and release characteristics. Among additive manufacturing techniques, fused deposition modeling (FDM) is the most studied for oral drug delivery device production due to its high precision and cheapness. By playing with factors such as drug loading method, filament production, and printing parameters, the medication release profile of a drug delivery device produced by 3D printing can be tailored depending on the patient's requirements. This review focuses on the applications of FDM in drug fabrication using poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) as drug-loaded matrices. The authors aim to provide an overview of the current trends in this research field, with special attention to the effect of the printing parameters, tablet shape, and drug distribution and concentration on drug customization and personalized drug release. 相似文献
100.
Alessandro Faldi Alberto Servida Sergio Carr Massimo Morbidelli 《Chemical Engineering Communications》1992,113(1):31-53
An approximate solution of the film model in presence of volatile liquid reactants is presented for the case of a general van de Vusse-like reaction scheme and general power-law reaction rates. The solution is obtained in a closed-form and simply requires the numerical solution of a system of nonlinear equations. The developed approximate solution is valid for any reaction regime and any number of reactions taking place within the liquid him. The application to a CSTR is discussed; this also serves as a test of the accuracy of the approximate solution carried out by comparison with the complete film model solved via the orthogonal collocation method. The numerical studies show that the approximate solution can be used with confidence for the usual encountered rate laws and that the volatility of the liquid reactants affects the performance of the CSTR mostly at the intermediate value of the Halt a number. 相似文献