Studies on steam condensation and particle diffusiophoresis in a heat exhanger tube

In this paper, studies on steam condensation and aerosol behaviour in a heat exchanger are presented. The heat exchanger is a model of one single tube of a Passive Containment Condenser (PCC) that is used in the European Simplified Boiling Water Reactor (ESBWR). A hot carrier gas containing nitrogen and steam with Ag and CsOH particles flows through the heat exchanger. The walls of the heat exchanger are cooled with a water jacket, thus causing steam condensation and diffusiophoretic particle deposition. The amount of condensed steam is measured, as well as the temperatures, particle mass concentrations and size distributions before and after the heat exchanger. The experiments are done with different proportions of steam and nitrogen in the carrier gas. Heat and mass transfer in the system are modelled with well known engineering correlations, producing results that agree nicely with the experimental results. The diffusiophoretic particle deposition velocity is shown to be proportional to the steam condensation rate, as expected.     

Group Cohesiveness, Group-Derived Collective Self-Esteem, Group-Derived Hope, and the Well-Being of Group Therapy Members.

I. D. Yalom's (1995) hypothesis that group therapy cohesiveness is the precursor to the development of group-derived collective self-esteem (CSE), hope for the self (HS), and psychological well-being (personal self-esteem and depression) was tested. Participants were 102 university counseling center group therapy clients from process (n = 54) and theme (n = 48) groups. Path analyses supported Yalom's theory that cohesiveness is the primary group factor and that it directly related to curative group factors such as CSE and HS. Additional path analyses showed that the relationship between group therapy CSE and personal self-esteem was moderated by HS, such that a significant relationship between CSE and personal self-esteem was no longer found once HS was entered into the model. Implications of these findings for research and practice are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Transient Electromagnetic Fields Due to Switching Operations in Electric Power Systems

Transient electromagnetic fields are produced when breakers, disconnectors, and switches of various types are operated under varying load conditions. For analysis purposes, a discharge current pulse is assumed during switching operations, which can act as a dipole antenna. The transient electromagnetic fields of this antenna can be calculated for near-and far-field conditions.     

Three-Dimensional Modeling and Effects on Still Images

Designers and creative artists use computer graphics and image processing effects on stall photographs in application areas such as advertising entertainment broadcasting and the arts Most of the effects available in research arid commercial work are two-dimensional in nature, for example image processing filters [blur, edge enhancement) and creative effects (tilings, reflections) There is almost no usage of information taken from the 3-D world in which the objects appearing an the image are located. In this paper we present a novel method for creating 3-D effects on photographs or in general on any image created by rendering a 3-D world The artist interacts with the image using a set of intuitive direct manipulation interface objects These objects let the user define a 3-D model, display at, and manipulate it in a 3-D space which is correlated with that of the input image. The generated model can be an arbitrarily complex 3-D polyhedron Any texture, including texture taken from the input photograph, can be mapped into any of its faces arid used for special effects We discuss and show examples for effects such as copy and paste, motion blur, model editing and deformations lighting effects, and shadows.     

The yeast halotolerance determinant Hal3p is an inhibitory subunit of the Ppz1p Ser/Thr protein phosphatase

Components of cellular stress responses can be identified by correlating changes in stress tolerance with gain or loss of function of defined genes. Previous work has shown that yeast cells deficient in Ppz1 protein phosphatase or overexpressing Hal3p, a novel regulatory protein of unknown function, exhibit increased resistance to sodium and lithium, whereas cells lacking Hal3p display increased sensitivity. These effects are largely a result of changes in expression of ENA1, encoding the major cation extrusion pump of yeast cells. Disruption or overexpression of HAL3 (also known as SIS2) has no effect on salt tolerance in the absence of PPZ1, suggesting that Hal3p might function upstream of Ppz1p in a novel signal transduction pathway. Hal3p is recovered from crude yeast homogenates by using immobilized, bacterially expressed Ppz1p fused to glutathione S-transferase, and it also copurifies with affinity-purified glutathione S-transferase-Ppz1p from yeast extracts. In both cases, the interaction is stronger when only the carboxyl-terminal catalytic phosphatase domain of Ppz1p is expressed. In vitro experiments reveal that the protein phosphatase activity of Ppz1p is inhibited by Hal3p. Overexpression of Hal3p suppresses the reduced growth rate because of the overexpression of Ppz1p and aggravates the lytic phenotype of a slt2/mpk1 mitogen-activated protein kinase mutant (thus mimicking the deletion of PPZ1). Therefore, Hal3p might modulate diverse physiological functions of the Ppz1 phosphatase, such as salt stress tolerance and cell cycle progression, by acting as a inhibitory subunit.     

TOPS information processing on a single chip

One of the main objectives in CNN design is to have as small a cell size as possible and because there are normally 19 synapses implemented in each cell, we cannot select an architecture that is very area consuming. In our approach we simplify the multiplication procedure without losing the overall input-output mapping. In that way the synapses can be built from very few transistors and the cell layout can be made small. What has been noticed is that when the initial values of the network are bipolar and when the obtained network output is also bipolar, in almost every case we can use a high-gain output nonlinearity to replace the unity gain. Another required modification is to move the whole processing into a positive range     

Polarizability of gyrotropic sphere

The polarizability of gyrotropic spheres is studied in this short article. Gyrotropic media are anisotropic in two respects: the symmetric part of the permittivity dyadic is uniaxial, and furthermore, there is also antisymmetric part in the permittivity. The polarizability is also dyadic with its components depending on the relations of the permittivity components of the material.     

A workbench for distributed production management systems

An end-user oriented workbench approach in the design of distributed production management systems (DPMS) is presented. We shall also deal with models and design of DPMS. Changes anticipated in design processes, roles and professionality required are discussed. In fact, complete structural rearrangements in the design of production management systems (PMS) are expected towards the end of this decade. The ideas presented are based on an on-going research project at Helsinki University of Technology (the so-called HUTDPMS project).     

Performance assessment using a normalized gradient

The paper presents a performance assessment method whose purpose is to make controller maintenance based on adjusting the controller gain, more systematic. A normalized gradient of a quadratic cost function is calculated with regard to the loop gain. It is shown that this statistic is very easy to calculate and that the information can be useful to improve performance. Calculations of the gradient for two loops from a pulp and paper mill that had performance problems show the validity of the method in an industrial setting.