A novel theory on parallel repeater‐insertion methodologies for long on‐chip interconnects

Repeaters are now widely used to enhance the performance of long on‐chip interconnects in CMOS devices. For RC‐as well as RLC‐modeled interconnects, parallel repeaters (PRs) have proved to be superior to serial ones. In a previous work, a new regeneration technique, named variable‐segment, was proven to outperform other existing regeneration techniques including variable‐repeater techniques. In this paper, an approximate analytical delay model is presented for both the variable‐repeater and variable‐segment parallel regeneration techniques. This model is used to confirm the optimality of our design and is built based on first and second‐moment transfer functions, which take into account the inductive effects of interconnects. HSpice electrical and C + +/MATLAB simulations are conducted to assess the performance of the proposed optimization methodology using 0.25‐µm CMOS technology. The mathematical simulation results are remarkably in agreement with those obtained from electrically simulated variable‐repeater and variable‐segment structures which are used in this work to regenerate interconnect lengths ranging from 0.1 to 10 cm. This work is part of a first‐of‐its‐kind global theory on PRs in repeater‐insertion methodologies for long on‐chip interconnects. This theory aims at exploring the different degrees of freedom in interconnect modeling as well as repeater type and design parameters. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Physico-Chemical Aspects on Uranium and Molybdenum Extraction from Aqueous Solution by Synthesized Phosphinimine Derivative Chelating Agent

Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials - To retain uranium and molybdenum ions from G.Gattar leach liquor (GI), North Eastern Desert, Egypt, a new fabricated chelating...     

The role of trust in government in crisis management: Fear of COVID-19 and compliance with social distancing

This study examines the mediating role of trust in government on the relationship between fear of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and compliance with social distancing. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 740 Jordanian citizens, and path analysis (SmartPLS 2.0) was conducted to analyze the data. Results show that fear of COVID-19 has a positive effect on both compliance with social distancing (t = 6.777, p = .000) and trust in government (t = 7.968, p = .000); trust in government has a positive effect on compliance with social distancing (t = 8.502, p = .000); and trust in government partially mediates the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and compliance with social distancing (Sobel test = 6.17, p = .000). The effect of fear of COVID-19 on compliance with social distancing, with trust in the government as a mediating variable, is greater than the direct effect without the mediating variable. Therefore, it is suggested that for social distancing measures imposed by the government on citizens to be effective, policymakers must work to enhance citizens' trust in the government and its measures aimed at curbing the outbreak of COVID-19. Limitations, implications, and suggestions for future research are discussed.