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71.
A new approach for sensitive detection on a microfabricated chip is presented. Indirect laser-induced-fluorescence (IDLIF) was used to detect explosive compounds after separation by micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC). The detection setup was used in an epifluorescence configuration with excitation provided by a near-IR diode laser operating at 750 nm. To achieve indirect detection, a low concentration of a dye (5 microM Cy7) was added to the running buffer as a visualizing agent. Using this methodology, a sample containing 14 explosives (EPA 8330 mixture) was examined. Concentrations of 1 ppm of trinitrobenzene (TNB), trinitrotoluene (TNT), dinitrobenzene (DNB), tetryl, and 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) could be detected with S/N ratios between 3 and 10. Analyses showing 10 peaks, with plate numbers on the order of 60000, were completed within 60 s using a 65 mm long separation channel. The three isomers of nitrotoluene (2-, 3-, and 4-nitrotoluene) were not resolved. Additionally, the two nitramines (HMX and RDX) could only be detected at much higher concentrations, likely due to the low fluorescence quenching efficiencies of these compounds. The analysis method was also used to separate and detect nitroaromatic compounds in extracts from spiked soil samples. The presence of 1 ppm (1 microg of analyte/1 g of soil) of TNB, DNB, TNT, tetryl, 2,4-DNT, 2,6-DNT, 2-NH2-4,6-DNT, and 4-NH2-2,6-DNT could readily be detected. In the interest of increasing the sensitivity of the analysis, various on-chip injection schemes were evaluated. It was found that a 250 microm double-T injector gave a 35% increase in peak signal compared to a straight-cross injector, which is less than expected based on injected volume. 相似文献
72.
Fedorka-Cray PJ Bailey JS Stern NJ Cox NA Ladely SR Musgrove M 《Journal of food protection》1999,62(12):1376-1380
A mucosal competitive exclusion culture has been shown to reduce or eliminate Salmonella spp. in poultry. Using similar techniques, a mucosal competitive exclusion culture from swine (MCES) was produced from the cecum of a 6-week-old pig. Suckling pigs were inoculated with 5 ml of MCES by oral gavage within 6 h postfarrowing (PF) and again at 24 h PE All pigs were challenged with 10(3) CFU of Salmonella Choleraesuis at 48 h PF by intranasal instillation, including pigs from two sows that had not been given MCES. Clinical signs and rectal swabs were monitored daily, and pigs were allowed to suckle throughout the experiment. All pigs underwent necropsy on day 7 PF, and presence of Salmonella was determined in both qualitative (10 tissues) and quantitative (two tissues) samples. Clinical signs were inapparent in all pigs throughout the experiment. Recovery of Salmonella from rectal swabs was variable. However, 28% of the gut tissues were positive from the MCES-treated pigs versus 79% from the control pigs. A 2- to 5-log10 reduction of Salmonella in the cecal contents or ileocolic junction was observed in the MCES-treated pigs when compared with the controls. These data indicate that use of MCES may be a useful approach for control of Salmonella. 相似文献
73.
Regulation of the cell cycle and of programmed cell death (apoptosis) is essential for mammalian development and homeostasis. Furthermore, this regulation is fundamental to successful cell culture technology and tissue engineering. Therefore the molecular networks which regulate these processes are critical targets for drug development, gene therapy, and metabolic engineering. This review summarizes the genes, proteins, and interactions presently known to control apoptosis and cell-cycle progression. Knowledge of the networks summarized here and access to the component genes and proteins have already been applied successfully to guide research and development in bioprocess technology and medical treatment. 相似文献
74.
Bigler Erin D.; Johnson Sterling C.; Anderson Carol V.; Blatter Duane D.; Gale Shawn D.; Russo Antonietta A.; Ryser David K.; Macnamara Susan E.; Bailey Becky J.; Hopkins Ramona O.; Abildskov Tracy J. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,10(3):333
In traumatically brain-injured (TBI) patients (n?=?83), memory performance was examined on the Warrington Recognition Memory Test, Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure, and the Logical Memory and Visual Reproduction subtests of the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised in relationship to time postinjury and structural changes based on MRI volumetry, including hippocampus volume. Significant trauma-induced changes were observed, including hippocampal atrophy. Structure-function relationships generally became significant only after 90 days postinjury. Memory tended to relate more to the degree of hippocampal atrophy, particularly left hippocampus, than to nonspecific indicators such as the temporal horns or the ventricle-to-brain ratio. A stronger relationship with left versus right hippocampus was evident for measures of verbal and supposedly nonverbal memory. These results are discussed with regard to the role the hippocampus may play in a neural system of memory. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
75.
WH Kahr A Al-Homadhi J Meharchand DJ Bailey AK Stewart 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,28(3-4):437-442
We present a case of a 55 year old man with multiple myeloma who underwent autologous stem cell transplantation and subsequently developed testicular myeloma. Testicular enlargement was observed only after treatment of an incidental prostatic adenocarcinoma with chemical orchidectomy at a time when myeloma was controlled systemically. A subsequent bilateral surgical orchiectomy revealed plasmacytoma in both testis. Enhanced production of B-lymphocytes after castration has been reported and implicates testosterone as a possible negative regulator of B-cell production. We propose that the androgen deficient state may have contributed to the development of plasmacytoma of the testes in our patient. The regulatory role of sex steroids in B-cell development is discussed. 相似文献
76.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the quantitative utility of transesophageal echocardiographic assessments of left ventricular function in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease by evaluating the variability between observers and between echocardiographic windows. DESIGN: Retrospective, blinded analysis. SETTING: University-associated pediatric hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiographic images of 25 pediatric patients with congenital heart disease were reviewed. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: End-diastolic area, end-systolic area, and fractional area change were measured from short-axis images of the left ventricle at the midpapillary level by two separate investigators. These measurements were compared by the method of Bland and Altman and Sheiner and Beal. Significant differences in measurements of end-diastolic and end-systolic area by different observers were noted, but they were systematic. A similar situation was noted for the comparison of transthoracic and transesophageal measurements of end-diastolic and end-systolic area. In the comparison of fractional area change between observers or windows, bias and absolute prediction error were lower, with 95% confidence limits of bias or absolute prediction error of 10% or less. CONCLUSIONS: The potential error in the measurement of fractional area change in 10% under optimal conditions. This would suggest that the assessment of ventricular function in the operating room or intensive care unit, under less than optimal conditions, should be viewed as a qualitative, rather quantitative, measurement. There may be significant interobserver and interwindow variability. 相似文献
77.
78.
D.H. Johnson A.D. Ayers R.L. Zupancic V.S. Alberto J.C. Bailey 《Journal of power sources》1984,12(1):61-70
Cell design criteria have been established which can result in a safe lithium/thionyl chloride cell. A cell vent, a low area internal anode design, cel 相似文献
79.
Hudgins J.L. Bailey D.W. Dougal R.A. Venkatesan V. 《Power Electronics, IEEE Transactions on》1995,10(5):615-620
The ionization process in a high gain photoconductive GaAs power switch is explored computationally, based on a streamer model. The streamer velocity was found to increase with increasing electric field, decreasing temperature, or increasing background ionization density. The electric field dependence of streamer velocity is consistent with experimental observations, lending support for the model's predictions about the temperature and background ionization density dependencies. The large electric field associated with the highly charged streamer tip allows virtual propagation of the ionization column at speeds above 10 8 cm/s, well in excess of the carrier saturated drift velocity 相似文献
80.
An examination was made of the mutual interference effects in the colorimetric methods currently used to determine the sugar composition of dietary fibre components. Correction factors for use with these procedures are given. 相似文献