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41.
Nagle H.T. Fritzemeier R.R. Van Well J.E. McNamer M.G. 《Industrial Electronics, IEEE Transactions on》1989,36(2):151-163
As the level of microprocessor complexity increases to several hundred thousand transistors for a single-chip machine, it is becoming very difficult to test commercially available designs to the level of fault coverage desired by some customers. In order to achieve near 100-percent coverage of single stuck-at faults, future microprocessors must be designed with special testing features (designed for testability). The authors describe the testing problem for microprocessors, including the various methods of generating test sets and their application by the user. A survey of the testability features of some of today's commercially available microprocessors is presented. Suggestions for testability features for future-generation microprocessors are also discussed 相似文献
42.
Yu Yang Hugo Bender Kai Arstila Bart Swinnen Bert Verlinden Ingrid De Wolf 《Microelectronics Reliability》2008,48(8-9):1517-1520
Focused ion beam (FIB) and nano-probing were applied for failure analysis of three-dimensional stacked circuits with copper through-silicon-vias between the stacked chips. The failure analysis was done after high temperature storage and thermal cycling tests. Passive voltage contrast in FIB allowed to pinpoint the open sites. FIB cross-sections showed the presence of opens at the bottom of the copper vias. The failure cause was suspected to be an interlayer particle, which was confirmed by optical profilometry. Nano-probing was used on another sample to pinpoint the failure location through the measurement of the local resistance within the daisy chains. The failure was traced out to be related with surface contamination. 相似文献
43.
Xiaoming Zhou Martin Jacobsson Henk Uijterwaal Piet Van Mieghem 《International Journal of Communication Systems》2008,21(6):643-663
Although packet delay and loss are two important parameters of the Internet performance, to the best of our knowledge, the evolution of large‐scale IPv6 delay and loss performance has previously not been studied. In this paper, we analyze more than 600 end‐to‐end IPv6 paths between about 26 testboxes of RIPE Network Coordination Centre over two years, and compare the delay and loss performance over time with their IPv4 counterparts. We present and discuss the measurement methodologies and show that IPv6 paths have a higher delay and loss than their IPv4 counterparts. The main reason for the worse performance stems from IPv6‐in‐IPv4 tunnels rather than from native IPv6 paths and such tunnels are still widely used today. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
44.
I. Aidos N. Kreb M. Boonman J.B. Luten R.M. Boom A. Van Der Padt 《Journal of food science》2003,68(2):581-586
ABSTRACT: A pilot plant used for upgrading herring byproducts into fish oil was analyzed on its operational efficiency and product quality. The temperature of the heat exchanger and the speeds of the pump and the 3-phase decanter were varied according to a 23 fractional factorial design. The initial amount of oxidation products present in the crude oil, its storage stability, and the yields from the different obtained products were determined. Multivariate data analysis of the advanced screening stage showed that T had neither influence on the quality nor on the yield in contrast to D and MP (P < 0.05). Process optimization results showed that the quality of the oil was influenced by an interaction effect between the speed of the MP and the D. Oils processed with the highest MP speed were the most stable during storage. 相似文献
45.
Danil Van Nieuwenhove Ward van der Tempel Riemer Grootjans Johan Stiens Maarten Kuijk 《IEEE sensors journal》2007,7(3):317-318
A current assisted photonic demodulator for use as a pixel in a 3-D time-of-flight imager shows nearly 100% static demodulator contrast and is operable beyond 30 MHz. An integrated tunable sensitivity control is also presented for increasing the distance measurement range and avoiding unwanted saturation during integration periods. This is achieved by application of a voltage on a dedicated drain tap showing a quenching of sensor sensitivity to below 1% 相似文献
46.
Solar cells are the most commonly used devices in customer products to achieve power autonomy. This paper discusses a complementary approach to provide power autonomy to devices on a human body, i.e., thermoelectric conversion of human heat. In indoor applications, thermoelectric converters on the skin can provide more power per square centimeter than solar cells, particularly in adverse illumination conditions. Moreover, they work day and night. The first sensor nodes powered by human heat have been demonstrated and tested on people in 2004-2005. They used the state-of-the-art 100-muW watch-size thermoelectric wrist generators fabricated at IMEC and based on custom-design small-size BiTe thermopiles. The sensor node is completed with a power conditioning module, a microcontroller, and a wireless transceiver mounted on a watchstrap 相似文献
47.
Recent years have witnessed major governmental initiatives regarding critical infrastructure protection (CIP). During that same time, critical infrastructures (CIs) have undergone massive institutional restructuring under the headings of privatization, deregulation and liberalization. Little research has gone into understanding the interactions between these two developments. In this article, we outline the consequences of institutional restructuring for the changing ways in which CIs ensure the reliability and security of their networks and services. Neither Normal Accident Theory nor High‐Reliability Theory can account for reliability under these conditions. We then investigate the implications of these findings for CIP. 相似文献
48.
A comprehensive model for the recrystallization kinetics is proposed which incorporates both microstructure and the textural
components in the deformed state. The model is based on the single-grain approach proposed previously. The influence of the
as-deformed grain orientation, which affects the stored energy via subgrain size and sub-boundary misorientation, is taken into account. The effects of the deformed grain geometry, the nucleation-site
density, and the initial grain size prior to deformation on the recrystallization kinetics are assessed. The model is applied
to the recrystallization kinetics of a cold-rolled AA1050 alloy. 相似文献
49.
50.
Pin&Play: the surface as network medium 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Van Laerhoven K. Villar N. Schmidt A. Gellersen H.-W. Hakansson M. Holmquist L.E. 《Communications Magazine, IEEE》2003,41(4):90-95
Integrating appliances in the home through a wired network often proves to be impractical: routing cables is usually difficult, changing the network structure afterward even more so, and portable devices can only be connected at fixed connection points. Wireless networks are not the answer either: batteries have to be regularly replaced or changed, and what they add to the device's size and weight might be disproportionate for smaller appliances. In Pin&Play, we explore a design space in between typical wired and wireless networks, investigating the use of surfaces to network objects that are attached to it. This article gives an overview of the network model, and describes functioning prototypes that were built as a proof of concept. 相似文献