The effect of ionic interaction on the miscibility and crystallization behaviors of poly(ethylene glycol)/poly(L‐lactic acid) blends

The effect of end groups (2NH₂) of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) on the miscibility and crystallization behaviors of binary crystalline blends of PEG/poly(L ‐lactic acid) (PLLA) were investigated. The results of conductivity meter and dielectric analyzer (DEA) implied the existence of ions, which could be explained by the amine groups of PEG gaining the protons from the carboxylic acid groups of PLLA. The miscibility of PEG(2NH₂)/PLLA blends was the best because of the ionic interaction as compared with PEG(2OH, 1OH‐1CH₃, and 2CH₃)/PLLA blends. Since the ionic interaction formed only at the chain ends of PEG(2NH₂) and PLLA, unlike hydrogen bonds forming at various sites along the chains in the other PEG/PLLA blend systems, the folding of PLLA blended with PEG(2NH₂) was affected in a different manner. Thus the fold surface free energy played an important role on the crystallization rate of PLLA for the PEG(2NH₂)/PLLA blend system. PLLA had the least fold surface free energy and the fast crystallization rate in the PEG(2NH₂)/PLLA blend system, among all the PEG/PLLA systems studied. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

橡胶Mooney—Rivlin模型材料系数对轴向刚度影响分析

在橡胶小变形范围内，采用理论推断的方法，得到在相同硬度下橡胶Mooney—Rivlin模型材料系数由C2／C1决定的关系式。并采用ABAQUS有限元软件分析的方法，结合橡胶轴向刚度常规解，分析了C2／C1不同值对橡胶轴向刚度的影响进行，结果显示其影响呈现一定规律性。     

真空蒸馏脱硒的研究

本文从理论上分析了真空蒸馏脱Se的影响因素时间和温度,并通过实验给予验证,提出了最佳条件,对工业采用真空蒸馏脱出含Se物料中的Se具有一定的指导性。     

西气东输工程用X70热轧板卷屈服强度检测值波动大的探讨

对西气东输工程用X70热轧板卷检验过程中出的屈服强度σ0.5波动大的情况进行了分析，认为拉伸试样弯曲是主要原因。这一问题可通过反复压平试样，确保试样的平直度以及适当提高钢的强度的方法加以解决。     

UNIX系统入侵检测知识库体系结构研究

针对目前应用在UNIX系统中入侵检测知识库适应能力不足的问题.提出了一种适应于不同系统环境的知识库体系结构。检测规则按相应系统与服务类型以模块化形式存储,通过应用配制文件加载。实现了入侵检测知识库的可扩展性.提高了入侵检测知识库的通用性,并且可以提高检测规则的搜索效率。     

化学计算与图形处理软件设计

近年来 ,化学计算与图形处理越来越受到重视 ,许多用于微机计算的精确公式也相继发表 .介绍了酸碱滴定曲线通用计算公式、络合滴定通用计算公式、氧化还原滴定通用计算公式、混合体系缓冲容量的通用算法以及这些公式在图形处理中的应用 .简要介绍了笔者以Delphi5.0为平台处理图形时的流程及思路 .     

Studies of substrate specificities of lipases from different sources

Although lipases are widely applied in a wide variety of reactions, available information on the factors that are responsible for the substrate specificities of lipases from different sources is scarce. In this paper, nine lipase‐producing microorganism strains were isolated from oil‐containing samples. The properties of these enzymes, including pH optima, temperature optima, thermal stability, and pH stability, vary significantly with the different sources from which these lipases were isolated. The substrate specificities of the nine lipases, including fatty acid and positional specificities, were also studied. The fatty acid specificities of the nine lipases were observably different toward 15 substrates with different carbon chain lengths, different saturation degrees and different side chains. The lipases from S₃ Penicillium citrinum (PCL), MJ₁ Aspergillus niger (ANL), MJ₂ Aspergillus oryzae (AOL), YM Bacillus coughing (BCL), S₉ Geotrichum candidum (GCL), and S₁₁ Candida lypolytica (CLL) showed the strongest specificities to short‐chain esters, and the other lipases showed strong selectivity for medium‐ or long‐chain and branched esters. The positional specificities were examined by analyzing the hydrolytic products of triolein catalyzed by the nine lipases, using TLC. The lipases can be mainly classified into two groups by their specificities for the ester bond at position 2 of triglycerides; one group can selectively hydrolyze the ester bond at position 2 of the triglycerides, the other group cannot. All these nine lipases were divided into four groups by hierarchical clustering analysis on the basis of the results of fatty acid and positional specificities.     

An online technique for monitoring the insulation condition of AC machine stator windings

A novel online technique for monitoring the insulation condition of ac machine stator windings is proposed in this paper. The concept is to measure the differential leakage currents of each phase winding from the terminal box in a noninvasive manner to assess the insulation condition during motor operation. The conventional differential CTs used for phase fault protection can be replaced with high performance current sensors to measure the leakage current with higher accuracy. Indicators for insulation condition such as the capacitance and dissipation factor are calculated based on the measurements to provide a low cost solution for online insulation condition assessment. A simplified online insulation system model is derived for analysis and interpretation of the measured data. Experimental results on a 15-hp induction motor under simulated insulation degradation conditions show that the proposed technique is a very sensitive method capable of detecting incipient signs of insulation degradation.     

核磁共振测井在桩1区块底水稠油油藏开发中的应用

针对桩1区块特高含水期底水稠油油藏的开发特点,利用核磁共振测井资料定量评价其孔隙流体流动特性,准确划分产层,直接识别油、水层,准确地评价了区块剩余油分布情况.依此部署了水平井,取得了很好的开发效果.实践证明,核磁共振测井具备常规测井所不具备的某些技术优势,能解决一些特殊的地质问题,有广泛的应用前景.