装甲车辆新型电源管理系统研究

装甲车辆电源管理系统作为全车电气电子系统的能量分配枢纽,其性能直接影响各系统工作和车辆性能的发挥。装甲车辆传统配电方式存在供电品质差,自动化程度低,负载管理控制困难,电磁干扰严重等问题,难以满足系统要求。针对某型装甲车辆,设计了一种新型电源管理系统,分析了系统中电子开关设计与“软开关”控制、“热备份”控制、负载管理控制以及系统可靠性设计等关键技术,改善了系统供电品质、电磁兼容性和负载管理控制能力,为装甲车辆电源管理提供了一种可行的方案。     

Fine Mapping and Functional Analysis of Major Regulatory Genes of Soluble Solids Content in Wax Gourd (Benincasa hispida)

Soluble solids content (SSC) is an important quality trait of wax gourd, but reports about its regulatory genes are scarce. In this study, the SSC regulatory gene BhSSC2.1 in wax gourd was mined via quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping based on high-density genetic mapping containing 12 linkage groups (LG) and bulked segregant analysis (BSA)-seq. QTL mapping and BSA-seq revealed for the first time that the SSC QTL (107.658–108.176 cM) of wax gourd was on Chr2 (LG2). The interpretable phenotypic variation rate and maximum LOD were 16.033% and 6.454, respectively. The QTL interval contained 13 genes. Real-time fluorescence quantitative expression analysis, functional annotation, and sequence analysis suggested that Bch02G016960, named BhSSC2.1, was a candidate regulatory gene of the SSC in wax gourd. Functional annotation of this gene showed that it codes for a NADP-dependent malic enzyme. According to BhSSC2.1 sequence variation, an InDel marker was developed for molecular marker-assisted breeding of wax gourd. This study will lay the foundation for future studies regarding breeding and understanding genetic mechanisms of wax gourd.     

Biomimetic Modification of Water-Borne Polymer Coating with Carnauba Wax for Controlled Release of Urea

Benefitting from the special structure of the leaf cuticle layer, plants have natural hydrophobicity and anti-fouling abilities. Inspired by the leaf surface structure, a biomimetic modification strategy was raised to improve the surface hydrophobicity of polyacrylate coating for controlled release fertilizer. Double-layer (polyacrylate and carnauba wax) coated fertilizer was obtained after biomimetic modification. The quality of controlled release fertilizer modified with the carnauba wax was greatly enhanced, and the coating material was effectively saved. The surface appearance of polyacrylate-coated fertilizer was improved for the surface blemish was repaired by the loaded carnauba wax. The characterizations by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that the hydrogen bonds were formed between the water-based polyacrylate membrane and the carnauba wax layers. By optimizing the content of polyacrylate and carnauba wax, the release duration of the fertilizer was effectively prolonged, which was improved from 1 month to more than 2 months after the biomimetic modification. Therefore, biological wax as an environmentally-friendly natural material that has showed a broad potential in the application of coated controlled release fertilizer.     

Improving the precision of optical metrology by detecting fewer photons with biased weak measurement

In optical metrological protocols to measure physical quantities, it is, in principle, always beneficial to increase photon number n to improve measurement prec...     

Effect of W on formation and properties of precipitates in Ni-based superalloys

The formation and properties of precipitates in wrought Ni-based superalloys with different W contents during long-term exposure to high temperatures were inves...     

222Rn在大气输运研究中的示踪应用

本文简要回顾了222Rn及其子体示踪应用的主要方面,介绍了国内外对利用222Rn及其子体在预报地震和大气物质输运研究这两方面的工作.对这些示踪应用而言,要进行准确的定量分析和数值模拟,必须对222Rn及其子体在大气中的输运规律有细致的了解,这一点可以通过研究其动力学特征,建立输运模型来实现.本文中列举了部分对222Rn及其子体输运模式的研究,对比上层大气中的简单输运模型,一个比较全面的222Rn输运模型还需要考虑地表层结大气中的复杂的动力学因素,并将其作为222Rn在上层大气输运模型中的下垫面边界条件.     

Single-Circulating Tumor Cell Whole Genome Amplification to Unravel Cancer Heterogeneity and Actionable Biomarkers

The field of single-cell analysis has advanced rapidly in the last decade and is providing new insights into the characterization of intercellular genetic heterogeneity and complexity, especially in human cancer. In this regard, analyzing single circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is becoming particularly attractive due to the easy access to CTCs from simple blood samples called “liquid biopsies”. Analysis of multiple single CTCs has the potential to allow the identification and characterization of cancer heterogeneity to guide best therapy and predict therapeutic response. However, single-CTC analysis is restricted by the low amounts of DNA in a single cell genome. Whole genome amplification (WGA) techniques have emerged as a key step, enabling single-cell downstream molecular analysis. Here, we provide an overview of recent advances in WGA and their applications in the genetic analysis of single CTCs, along with prospective views towards clinical applications. First, we focus on the technical challenges of isolating and recovering single CTCs and then explore different WGA methodologies and recent developments which have been utilized to amplify single cell genomes for further downstream analysis. Lastly, we list a portfolio of CTC studies which employ WGA and single-cell analysis for genetic heterogeneity and biomarker detection.     

总线式顾客－服务器网络失效性分析

本文讨论了总线式顾客－服务器网络系统的失效性．用马尔可夫过程导出平衡状态和非平衡状态的各状态概率，并分析系统的失效率，同时为死限有要求的用户提出增加系统可靠性的方法．     

Kam-Fai Wong, Wenjie Li, Ruifeng Xu and Zheng-sheng Zhang: Introduction to Chinese natural language processing

This is a review of a recent book “Introduction to Chinese Natural Language Processing” by Kam-Fai Wong, Wenjie Li, Ruifeng Xu and Zheng-sheng Zhang. The structure and contents of the book will be briefly described and some comments and observations are presented.