植入式脑机接口技术向医疗器械转化的问题与挑战

该文回顾了过去几十年脑机接口技术取得的成果,以及脑机接口科研成果向临床医疗器械转化过程中,将会面临的挑战。对此,该文首先介绍了脑机接口技术常用的信号源,包括脑电图、皮层电图和皮层内电信号及其特点;其次叙述了对商用脑机接口产品的解码能力和信息双向闭环的考量,讨论了目前脑机接口商用机设计中存在的稳定性、生物相容性挑战;最后阐述了植入式脑机接口向医疗器械转化过程中,产业化发展的政策、资金和技术路线的协同发展问题。     

A blockchain-based framework for data quality in edge-computing-enabled crowdsensing

With the rapid development of mobile technology and smart devices, crowdsensing has shown its large potential to collect massive data. Considering the limitation of calculation power, edge computing is introduced to release unnecessary data transmission. In edge-computing-enabled crowdsensing, massive data is required to be preliminary processed by edge computing devices (ECDs). Compared with the traditional central platform, these ECDs are limited by their own capability so they may only obtain part of relative factors and they can’t process data synthetically. ECDs involved in one task are required to cooperate to process the task data. The privacy of participants is important in crowdsensing, so blockchain is used due to its decentralization and tamper-resistance. In crowdsensing tasks, it is usually difficult to obtain the assessment criteria in advance so reinforcement learning is introduced. As mentioned before, ECDs can’t process task data comprehensively and they are required to cooperate quality assessment. Therefore, a blockchain-based framework for data quality in edge-computing-enabled crowdsensing (BFEC) is proposed in this paper. DPoR (Delegated Proof of Reputation), which is proposed in our previous work, is improved to be suitable in BFEC. Iteratively, the final result is calculated without revealing the privacy of participants. Experiments on the open datasets Adult, Blog, and Wine Quality show that our new framework outperforms existing methods in executing sensing tasks.     

基于洞庭湖水沙模型的荆南三河冲淤变化研究

荆南三河起于荆江河段,水沙情势受上游来水来沙条件影响较大,荆南三河冲淤变化研究有助于认识洞庭湖地区防洪形势和江湖关系的演变。本文构建了洞庭湖水沙数值模型,计算了三峡工程运行后荆南三河各河段的冲淤变化,并结合实测冲淤数据探究了影响荆南三河冲淤的因素。计算结果表明,三峡工程运行后荆南三河河道发生普遍冲刷,冲刷趋势短期内不会变化,但冲刷强度逐渐下降。三峡工程运行后,荆南三河口门分流量、分流比和分沙比均无明显趋势性变化,分沙量大幅度减小,清水下泄改变了荆南三河冲淤状态。此外,采砂对荆南三河冲淤也有重要影响。     

渝鄂柔性直流输电系统中高频振荡影响因素及抑制策略

针对柔性直流输电工程中出现的中高频振荡问题,现有解决方法是在电压前馈通道中增设滤波器以抑制高频振荡,但增加了中频振荡的风险。以渝鄂柔直工程南通道单元为研究对象,提出了一种通过调整控制链路延时以避免中、高频振荡的方法。首先,基于多谐波线性化原理建立了MMC换流站阻抗模型,详细分析控制链路延时、电网电压前馈策略对MMC换流站阻抗特性以及对系统稳定性的影响;然后,探讨通过调整控制链路延时以避免中高频振荡的可行性,并给出了控制链路延时的选择方法;最后,通过PSCAD/EMTDC电磁暂态仿真验证了所提方法可实现渝侧、鄂侧系统中高频振荡抑制,同时对系统动态特性影响较小。     

多端直流汇流母线差动保护的整定逻辑、配合原则和工程应用研究

随着两端直流日臻成熟,多端直流逐渐得到应用,尤其是最近几年相继建成了多条多端直流,可预见三端乃至多端直流将在电力系统中起到越来越重要的作用.三端直流的工程应用为电力系统的发展带来了许多前沿课题.以禄高肇直流汇流母线差动保护为例,分析了汇流母线差动保护的判据、整定逻辑和保护配合原则,以及在工程中的应用情况,并提出改进建议.     

基于智能经纪人的新型电力双边交易模式

针对当前电力双边市场的交易效率和业务透明度不高的问题,提出智能经纪人促进电力双边交易的构想。梳理当前电力双边市场存在的主要问题,设计智能经纪人的功能理念;分析市场主体的潜在价格让步空间,研究考虑潜在交易前景的个性化协同撮合方法;构建基于智能经纪人的新型电力双边交易模式,并开发配套智能交易平台。以某省电力市场数据进行市场模拟,算例结果表明,智能经纪人可以降低双边交易成本以及提高市场成交率。     

基于IPSO-BiLSTM-AM模型的超短期风电功率预测方法

针对现有模型预测准确性与稳定性较低的问题,提出一种以BiLSTM为基础的风电功率预测模型。BiLSTM可以很好的处理风电多变量之间的非线性关系,其次采用改进的PSO优化BiLSTM的超参数,并通过AM训练模型的权重。最后采用内蒙古自治区某风电场的历史数据进行提前0~15 min试验。结果表明,提出的IPSO-BiLSTM-AM模型具有较高的预测精度,可以为风电场电力调度与控制提供科学参考。     

Analysis on influencing factors of detecting chemical oxygen demand in water by ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy

Taking the standard solution and actual water samples as the research object, this paper studies the influence of various environmental factors (temperature, alkalinity (pH), inorganic salt ions and salinity) on the detection of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in water by ultra-violet (UV) spectrometry, analyzes the influence mechanism, and draws relevant conclusions. The results show that the UV absorbance of the COD standard solution and the actual river water samples varies very little with temperature. The value of pH has certain impact on both the standard solution and the actual water samples, but the pH values of the affected experimental samples are in different ranges. The effects of nitrogen salt ions (NO2- and NO3-) on the UV absorption spectra can be eliminated by intercepting the UV spectrum interval less affected for modeling. The influence of salinity values below 35‰ on the UV absorption spectrum of water is mainly concentrated in the spectral band of 200—250 nm, and the influence above 250 nm is very little. This paper provides a preliminary analysis and discussion on the influence mechanism and laws of various environmental factors in the detection of water quality parameters by UV spectrometry, which provides an experimental basis for selecting the optimal test conditions when establishing the COD prediction model.     

基于UVM的PCI Express总线控制器验证平台

针对高速外设部件互连(Peripheral Component Interconnect Express,PCIe)总线控制器数据格式复杂、链路状态繁多的特点,提出了基于System Verilog语言的通用验证方法学(Universal Verification Methodology,UVM)验证平台。相较于传统定向验证方法,该验证平台中的验证用例使用受约束的随机方式对PCIe模块进行充分验证,能自动进行结果比对,并在回归测试中自动收集覆盖率数据。结果表明,该验证平台可以快速定位设计缺陷,在兼顾较好的可重用性和可配置性的同时,实现覆盖率验证目标,大大提高验证效率。