新型层状表面相锆基固体酸催化酯化反应研究

将所研制的层状表面相锆基固体酸催化剂用于一元、二元醇醋酸酯和其他羧酸酯类产品的合成 ,考察了其催化性能。研究发现 :层状表面相锆基固体酸催化剂对所考察的酯化反应具有很好的普遍适用性 ,但其酯化率与醇的性质和结构密切有关。催化反应动力学研究表明乙酸与丁醇、戊醇、己醇的酯化反应均为二级反应 ,且反应活化能均较低 ,分别为 47 4kJ/mol、2 3 3kJ/mol和 19 8kJ/mo     

可降解聚丙烯发泡塑料初探

开发可降解聚丙烯(PP)发泡制品具有广阔的发展前景。PP自身的化学结构特点使其具有比其它聚烯烃和PS更优异的降解性能。在PP中添加各种光降解剂,或引入光敏基团可以促进PP的光降解性;将其与天然高分子或各种可降解塑料混合也可以有效促进PP的生物降解;将降解和发泡的配方和工艺合理结合以获得光降解性、生物降解性或光 生物双降解的发泡PP制品是完全可能的。     

CO2在全氟羧酸离子交换膜内促进传质特性的研究

本文以全氟羧酸离子交换膜为支撑体、乙二胺(EDA)为活性络合剂、制备促进传质膜。在常用的工业条件下,测定了纯CO_2以及CO_2/N_2二元混合物在该膜内的渗透通量。实测结果表明,此膜对CO_2的促进因子可达13.8,而对CO_2/N_2的分离因子高达316。本文假设促进传质过程的控制步骤为气体在膜相的扩散,据此导出了相应的机理模型,该模型与实测结果吻合良好。     

HT-730改性酚醛-丁腈胶粘剂的研制

对酚醛-丁腈胶粘剂进行改性，添加5．0％的硅烷偶联剂，改善了酚醛-丁腈胶粘剂的工艺性能，提高了粘接强度，特别是降低了酚醛-丁腈胶对环境湿度的敏感性。研制的HT-730胶在环境湿度90％时仍有很高的粘接强度，同时老化性能和适用期并没有受到影响。     

Seasonal evolution of the interannual variability of chlorophyll-a concentration and its forcing factors in the northwestern Pacific from 1998 to 2010

The northwestern Pacific Ocean is a complex region with significant biological spatial variations on a seasonal timescale. To investigate the joint variation patterns on both seasonal and interannual timescales, a season-reliant empirical orthogonal function (S-EOF) analysis was applied to seasonal mean chlorophyll-a concentration (chl-a) anomalies in the northwestern Pacific Ocean during the period 1998–2010. The first two dominant modes accounted for nearly 31% of the total interannual variance, with the second S-EOF mode (S-EOF2) lagging behind the first S-EOF mode (S-EOF1) by one year. S-EOF1 featured a strong variation pattern to the north of 30° N, with maximum chl-a in winter and minimum chl-a in summer. However, S-EOF2 indicated an opposite seasonally evolving pattern compared with S-EOF1, with chl-a increasing along the Kuroshio and extension current from boreal winter to autumn. Both these modes revealed significant relationships with climate-related indices. The two modes corresponded to the central Pacific (CP) La Niña developing episodes and the turnaround from eastern Pacific (EP) La Niña to CP El Niño, respectively. Both modes were associated with the cold phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, which played an important role in prolonging the impact of the El Niño/Southern Oscillation on chl-a seasonal evolution from 1998 to 2010. In addition, we discuss the possible factors dominating chl-a seasonal variation, in terms of the subregions of the northwestern Pacific Ocean. In the subtropical northwestern Pacific Ocean (15° N – 30° N), the chl-a growth was primarily nutrient-limited, whereas in the mid-latitude northwestern Pacific Ocean (35° N – 50° N), the chl-a growth was mainly light-limited.     

淤浆鼓泡床中固体粒子的悬浮特性

研究了三相鼓泡床中的临界固含率,以空气作气相,水、乙醇-水、丙酮-水、萜松醇-二甲苯作液相,石英砂、煤、雷奈镍作为固相。分析了鼓泡柱的高径比、气体速度、固体粒子的大小和比重、液体的粘度对临界固含率的影响,提出了含有这些参数的无因次数群的关联式,讨论了本文提出的关联式和文献报导的差别。     

巯基吡啶氧化锌去屑洗发水稳定性的研究

以ZPT(巯基吡啶氧化锌)为去屑剂对洗发水进行稳定性的研究，筛选了几种稳定剂，对含ZPT洗发水的稳定性进行比较分析，提出了各种稳定剂在洗发水配制过程中应注意的问题。     

Image Mosaic Techniques OptimizationUsing Wavelet

This essay concentrates on two key procedures of image mosaic--image registration and imagefusion.Becauseof the character of geometric transformation invariance of edge points, wecalculate the angle difference of the direction vector ofedge points in different images anddraw an angle difference histogramto adjust the rotationproblem. Through this way, algorithm based on gray information is expandedandcan be used in images withdisplacementand rotation. Inthe term of image fusion, wavelet multi-scale analysis is used to fuse spliced images. In order to choose the best method of imagefusion,weevaluate the results of different methods of image fusion by cross entropy.     

多维超几何分布的最可能成功数

超几何分布是一种重要的离散型概率分布,本文利用反证法以及比较法求出了三维超几何分布的最可能成功次数,并在此基础上,求出了多维超几何分布的最可能成功次数.     

求解背包问题的病毒协同进化粒子群算法

为提高粒子群算法的搜索性能,提出一种基于病毒进化理论的改进离散粒子群算法:病毒协同进化粒子群算法.在粒子群中引入生物病毒机制和宿主与病毒基于感染操作的思想,病毒采用与粒子等长的编码方式,执行反向代换、结合等操作,利用病毒的水平感染和垂直传播能力较好地维持个体的多样性和对解空间的局部搜索能力.通过解决背包问题对算法进行验证,仿真表明所提算法搜索性能优于遗传算法、模拟退火及标准粒子群等其他算法.该算法能有效求解背包问题等NP难题.