楼梯对不同刚度钢筋混凝土框架结构地震反应的影响

为研究楼梯对结构地震反应的影响,利用ETABS设计了2个不含楼梯的钢筋混凝土框架模型和2个包含楼梯的具有不同初始抗侧刚度的钢筋混凝土框架模型,采用振型分解反应谱法对模型进行了弹性地震反应对比计算分析。结果显示：楼梯参与结构整体计算后,结构的抗侧刚度、振动模态、结构基底剪力及梯间框架柱内力分配比例等均明显变化,且影响程度因原框架抗侧刚度大小不同而异。建议当前框架结构设计可以适当提高结构抗侧刚度,以减小楼梯对结构地震反应的改变程度,降低考虑楼梯参与结构整体抗震分析计算的复杂性。     

Fabrication and mechanical properties of Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript>/TiAl composites

Al₂O₃/TiAl composites were successfully fabricated by hot-press-assisted exothermic dispersion method with elemental powder mixtures of Ti, Al TiO₂ and Nb₂O₅, and the microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated. The results indicate the fine Al₂O₃ particles tend to disperse on the grain boundaries. The grain size of TiAl matrix decreases and the hardness increases with increasing Nb₂O₅ content. The bending strength and fracture toughness reach to a maximum when Nb₂O₅ content is 6 wt%, under 642 MPa and 6.69 MPa·m^1/2, respectively. Based on the fractography and the observation of crack propagation path, it is concluded that the strengthening and toughening of such composites at room temperature can be attributed to the refinement of the TiAl matrix, the deflection behavior in the crack propagation and the dispersion of Al₂O₃ particles.     

Oxidation behavior of in-situ Al2O3/TiAl composites at 900℃ in static air

In-situ Al2O3/TiAl composites were successfully synthesized from the starting powders of Ti, Al, TiO2 and Nb2O5. The oxidation behavior of the composites at 900℃ in static air was investigated. The results indicate that the composite samples present a much lower oxidation mass gain. Under long-time intensive oxidation exposure, the formed oxide scale is multi-layer. The formation of the outer TiO2 layer is fine and dense, the internal Al2O3 scale has good adhesiveness with the outer TiO2 scale, and the TiO2+Al2O3 mixed layer forming the protective oxide scale is favorable for the improvement of oxidation resistance. It is believed that the incorporation of Al2O3 particulates into the metal matrix decreases the coefficient of thermal expansion of the substrate, and forms a local three-dimensional network structure that can hold the oxide scale. The formation of the oxide scale with fmer particle size, stronger adherence, less micro-defects and slower growth rate can contribute to the improvement of oxidation resistance. Nb element plays an important role in reducing the internal oxidation action of the materials, restraining the growth of TiO2 crystals andpromoting thc stable formation of the Al 2O3-riched layer,which is benfeicial to improve the oxidation properties.     

合金元素对TRIP钢连续冷却固态相变和硬度的影响

为了研究Al和P合金元素在TRIP钢固态相变过程中的重要作用,利用热膨胀实验、金相观察、显微硬度测量等方法绘制了4种不同Al和P含量的C-Mn-Al-P TRIP钢的CCT图.结果表明,Al元素强烈缩小奥氏体相区,提高Ac3与Ms,促使CCT图左移和上移.P元素能够阻碍碳化物的生成,当钢中w(P)达到0.14%时,能显著将CCT曲线图中的珠光体区与贝氏体区右移.P元素对先共析铁素体相变和马氏体相变没有显著影响.随着冷却速率的增加,材料的显微硬度增加.对于每一种成分超过其临界冷却速率时将得到完全的马氏体组织.添加固溶强化元素可以强化铁素体基体,增加铁素体基体的硬度,P元素固溶强化能力最强,Mn元素稍弱,Al元素很弱.     

活性炭负载硅钨酸催化α-蒎烯的异构化研究

以活性炭负载硅钨酸为催化剂 ,研究了 α-蒎烯的异构化反应 ;考察了反应温度、反应时间、配料比和溶剂等因素对异构化反应的转化率和选择性的影响。实验结果表明 ,反应温度升高 ,反应时间增加 ,配料比减小 ,蒎烯的转化率增大。在乙醇介质中 ,α-蒎烯能发生异构化和乙氧基化反应。主要产物是莰烯、苎烯和 α-松油基乙醚 ,总醚选择性约 5 0 %     

常温高效除油清洗剂的制备与应用研究

研制出了一种去油污能力强，可室温使用，综合效果较好的新型高效常温除油清洗剂     

Application of hindered piperidine amine and/or tertiary amine in the modification of polyamide 6

PA 6 resin was produced in a hydrolytic‐polymeric process in which ε‐caprolactam was polymerized in the presence of water as initiator, isophthalic acid and benzoic acid as chain regulators, by polymerizing caprolactam in the presence of 7.5% by weight of water, 0.2% by weight of isophthalic acid, 0.1% by weight of benzoic acid, each percentage being based on caprolactam. By adding hindered piperidine amine and/or tertiary amine to the polymeric system, the effects of additives on the polymer were studied. The results showed that: the addition of 0.1 ～ 0.2% additives can improve the melt stability of polyamide 6; the addition of 0.2% additives can protect mechanical properties of polyamide 6 fibers after exposure to high temperature; and the addition of 0.05 ～ 0.25% additives can increase the amino end group content of polyamide 6 and thereby increase the dyeability of polyamide fibers. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 2489–2493, 2004     

乙烯环氧化反应的动态特性与反应器的动态操作(Ⅰ)——基元过程序列结构与动力学

利用动态响应方法,对乙烯在银催化剂上环氧化反应的基元过程序列结构和动力学进行了系统的实验和模型化研究,为从理论上考察这一反应体系在浓度强制振荡条件下的时间平均性能与基元过程动力学的相互关系,为建立适当的模型来描述浓度强制振荡过程提供了必要的条件.     

基于TRIZ理论的行李箱创新设计

结合网络和实地用户调研、用户行为模拟、功能系统分析等方法,分析用户在行李箱使用过程 中存在的问题;运用 TRIZ 创新发明理论分析出现的问题并转换为 TRIZ 标准问题,采用对应的发明措施原理 并结合行李箱的实际使用情况,对行李箱进行设计研究,并通过 Jack 仿真验证了设计的合理性。解决了行李 箱的现有使用问题,获得了行李箱创新设计解决方案。通过对用户行为习惯进行模拟分析、功能分析、结合 TRIZ 发明原理优化了行李箱设计流程,优化了用户的使用方式,改善了用户体验。     

椭圆形钢铅耗能器性能及振动台试验

针对工字型钢铅组合耗能器直角区域容易应力集中、过早屈服断裂退出工作的问题,提出一种由钢和铅两种材料组成的椭圆形钢铅耗能器,这种耗能器加工简便且水平两个方向都具有良好耗能性能.首先,对椭圆形钢铅耗能器中钢板的平面应力进行分析.其次,对椭圆形钢铅耗能器进行力学性能试验;利用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立椭圆形钢铅耗能器的非线性计算模型进行数值分析并与性能试验结果进行对比.最后,对一个安装和不安装椭圆形钢铅耗能器的六层钢框架结构模型进行振动台对比试验.研究结果表明:数值分析结果与性能试验结果吻合良好,本文建立椭圆形钢铅耗能器数值计算模型的方法正确;椭圆形钢铅耗能器滞回曲线饱满,具有良好耗能能力;椭圆形钢铅耗能器对多层结构的地震反应具有较好减震效果.