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61.
Lale A. Ertuglu Atalay Demiray Carlo Basile Baris Afsar Adrian Covic Mehmet Kanbay 《Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis》2021,25(4):433-446
Sodium and ultrafiltration profiling are method of dialysis in which dialysate sodium concentration and ultrafiltration rate are altered during the course of the dialysis session. Sodium and ultrafiltration profiling have been used, commonly simultaneously, to improve hemodynamic stability during hemodialysis. Sodium profiling is particularly effective in decreasing the incidence of intradialytic hypotension, while ultrafiltration profiling is suggested to decrease subclinical repeated end organ ischemia during dialysis. However, complications such as increased interdialytic weight gain and thirst due to sodium excess have prevented widespread use of sodium profiling. Evidence suggest that different sodium profiling techniques may lead to different clinical results, and preferring sodium balance neutral sodium profiling may mitigate adverse effects related to sodium overload. However, evidence is lacking on the long-term clinical outcomes of different sodium profiling methods. Optimal method of sodium profiling as well as the utility of sodium/ultrafiltration profiling in routine practice await further clinical investigation. 相似文献
62.
Shasha Zhang Carlo Badiola Mirko Schoenitz Edward L. Dreizin 《Combustion and Flame》2012,159(5):1980-1986
Materials combining high energy density of metals with the biocidal activity of halogens are of interest for applications aiming to inactivate harmful aerosolized microorganisms by combined thermal and chemical effects. This effort develops nanocomposite Al-halogen materials to replace pure Al as a fuel additive in energetic formulations. Cryogenic milling of elemental aluminum and iodine is used to prepare powder-like composite materials for laboratory tests. In such materials, iodine is stabilized in aluminum matrix and is released when the materials are heated and ignited. Al·I2 composite powders with the iodine concentration from 10 to 30 wt.% were prepared. Iodine release by and oxidation of such materials were investigated using thermo-gravimetric analysis. Ignition temperatures of the prepared powders were determined at the heating rates of 1000–22,000 K/s using an electrically heated filament. Composite powders ignite at lower temperatures compared to pure Al powders. Combustion characteristics of the prepared materials were investigated using a constant volume explosion test for aerosolized powders and laser ignition test for individual particles. In both combustion experiments pure Al served as a reference. Higher combustion rate and greater total pressure were observed for the aerosolized clouds of composite powders with 15 and 20 wt.% of iodine. For individual particles, the burn times were slightly longer and flame temperatures were slightly lower compared to those of pure aluminum. Both overall iodine concentration and its stability in the composite powders affected their ignition and combustion characteristics. 相似文献
63.
Jeppe Rich Carlo Giacomo PratoTove Hels Allan LyckegaardNiels Buus Kristensen 《Accident; analysis and prevention》2013
While the number of fatalities on Danish roads has decreased in the last 40 years, research has not investigated the contribution of legislation changes, enforcement measures, technological enhancements, infrastructural improvements and human factors to this reduction. In the context of a Danish car market with remarkably high registration tax that causes potential buyers to hold longer onto old cars, the relationship between technological enhancements of vehicles and severity of crashes requires particular attention. 相似文献
64.
Patrizia Proia Carlo Maria Di Liegro Gabriella Schiera Anna Fricano Italia Di Liegro 《International journal of molecular sciences》2016,17(9)
More than two hundred years after its discovery, lactate still remains an intriguing molecule. Considered for a long time as a waste product of metabolism and the culprit behind muscular fatigue, it was then recognized as an important fuel for many cells. In particular, in the nervous system, it has been proposed that lactate, released by astrocytes in response to neuronal activation, is taken up by neurons, oxidized to pyruvate and used for synthesizing acetyl-CoA to be used for the tricarboxylic acid cycle. More recently, in addition to this metabolic role, the discovery of a specific receptor prompted a reconsideration of its role, and lactate is now seen as a sort of hormone, even involved in processes as complex as memory formation and neuroprotection. As a matter of fact, exercise offers many benefits for our organisms, and seems to delay brain aging and neurodegeneration. Now, exercise induces the production and release of lactate into the blood which can reach the liver, the heart, and also the brain. Can lactate be a beneficial molecule produced during exercise, and offer neuroprotection? In this review, we summarize what we have known on lactate, discussing the roles that have been attributed to this molecule over time. 相似文献
65.
Arrays of precisely positioned single crystal silicon nanopillars, nanoneedles, and nanoblades with minimum feature sizes as small as 30 nm are fabricated using entirely scalable top-down fabrication techniques. Using the same scalable technologies, devices consisting of electrically connected silicon nanopillars with multiple addressable electrodes for each nanostructure are realized. The arrays of nanopillars, nanoneedles, and nanoblades are shown to exhibit Raman signal enhancement on 1,2-benzenedithiol monolayers, opening a path to nanodevices that manipulate, position, detect and analyze molecules. 相似文献
66.
Christoph Beierle Carlo Meghini 《Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence》2016,76(3-4):247-249
67.
Antonella Ilenia Alfano Prof. Elisabetta Buommino Prof. Maria Grazia Ferraro Prof. Carlo Irace Prof. Angela Zampella Prof. Heiko Lange Prof. Margherita Brindisi 《ChemMedChem》2021,16(24):3795-3809
The generation of peptidomimetic substructures for medicinal chemistry purposes requires effective and divergent synthetic methods. We present in this work an efficient flow process that allows quick modulation of reagents for Joullié-Ugi multicomponent reaction, using spiroindolenines as core motifs. This sterically hindered imine equivalent could successfully be diversified using various isocyanides and amino acids in generally good space-time yields. A telescoped flow process combining interrupted Fischer reaction for spiroindolenine synthesis and subsequent Joullié-Ugi-type modification resulted in product formation in very good overall yield in less than 2 hours compared to 48 hours required in batch mode. The developed protocol can be seen as a general tool for rapid and facile generation of peptidomimetic compounds. We also showcase preliminary biological assessments for the prepared compounds. 相似文献
68.
Giordana Feriotto Federico Tagliati Riccardo Giriolo Fabio Casciano Claudio Tabolacci Simone Beninati Mahmud Tareq Hassan Khan Carlo Mischiati 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(4)
Among the phenolic acids tested on the K562 cell line, a model of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), caffeic acid (CA) was biologically active on sensitive and imatinib (IM)-resistant cells at micro-molar concentration, either in terms of reduction of cell proliferation or triggering of apoptosis. The CA treatment provoked mitochondrial membrane depolarization, genomic DNA fragmentation and phosphatidylserine exposure, hallmarks of apoptosis. Cell cycle analysis following the treatment with comparable cytotoxic concentrations of IM or CA showed marked differences in the distribution profiles. The reduction of cell proliferation by CA administration was associated with increased expression of two cell cycle repressor genes, CDKN1A and CHES1, while IM at a cytotoxic concentration increased the CHES1 but not the CDKN1A expression. In addition, CA treatment affected the proliferation and triggered the apoptosis in IM-resistant cells. Taken together, these data suggested that CA induced the anti-proliferative effect and triggered apoptosis of CML cells by a different mechanism than IM. Finally, the combined administration of IM and CA at suboptimal concentrations evidenced a synergy of action in determining the anti-proliferative effect and triggering apoptosis. The ability of CA to potentiate the anti-leukemic effect of IM highlighted the nutraceutical potential of CA in CML. 相似文献
69.
70.
Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) naturally synthesize magnetic nanoparticles that are wrapped in lipid membranes. These membrane‐bound particles, which are known as magnetosomes, are characterized by their narrow size distribution, high colloidal stability, and homogenous magnetic properties. These characteristics of magnetosomes confer them with significant value as materials for biomedical and industrial applications. MTB are also a model system to study key biological questions relating to formation of bacterial organelles, metal homeostasis, biomineralization, and magnetoaerotaxis. The similar size scale of nano and microfluidic systems to MTB and ease of coupling to local magnetic fields make them especially useful to study and analyze MTB. In this Review, a summary of nano‐ and microtechnologies that are developed for purposes such as MTB sorting, genetic engineering, and motility assays is provided. The use of existing platforms that can be adapted for large‐scale MTB processing including microfluidic bioreactors is also described. As this is a relatively new field, future synergistic research directions coupling MTB, and nano‐ and microfluidics are also suggested. It is hoped that this Review could start to bridge scientific communities and jump‐start new ideas in MTB research that can be made possible with nano‐ and microfluidic technologies. 相似文献