Autotuning of phase-lead controller for integrating systems

In this paper, a new method for autotuning of a phase-lead controller for nonselfregulating or integrating systems is proposed. By connecting the system with a suitable high-order derivative filter and a relay with hysteresis, the frequency data of the system can be obtained and phase-lead controllers can be designed based on some phase margin specifications. Simulations and experimental studies are included in the paper to illustrate the performance of the proposed algorithm     

Estimation of Roughness-Induced Power Absorption From Measured Surface Profile Data

We present a methodology for extracting the 2D power spectral density of a statistically isotropic random rough surface from height measurements by utilizing fast Fourier-Bessel transform. We compute the additional propagation loss due to surface roughness by integrating the extracted spectral density via the formula of absorption enhancement factor. Results for a microstrip demonstrate good correlation between measured and estimated loss up to 20 GHz. It is also possible to choose a random rough surface model for the measured surface and use it to predict the roughness effect on power loss.     

Analysis of Millimeter Wave Scattering by the Infinite Plane Metallic Grating Using PCG-FFT Technique

In this paper, both fast Fourier transformation (FFT) and preconditioned CG technique are introduced into method of lines (MOL) to further enhance the computational efficiency of this semi-analytic method. Electromagnetic wave scattering by an infinite plane metallic grating is used as the examples to describe its implementation. For arbitrary incident wave, Helmholz equation and boundary condition are first transformed into new ones so that the impedance matrix elements are calculated by FFT technique. As a result, this Topelitz impedance matrix only requires O(N) memory storage for the conjugate gradient FFT method to solve the current distribution with the computational complexity O(N log N) . Our numerical results show that circulate matrix preconditioner can speed up CG-FFT method to converge in much smaller CPU time than the banded matrix preconditioner.     

Applying Analytical Hierarchy Process to a WiMAX Performance Evaluation Model

Evaluating performance of individual features of WiMAX technology is a topic of widespread discussion. Currently, there is no quantitative way of measuring WiMAX technology so that wireless operators can meet their design objectives. This paper outlines a set of design criteria for WiMAX and provides a decision-making aid that ranks the importance of criteria using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). This ranking should sufficiently reflect market expectations of the relative importance of various design criteria. A model integrating AHP priorities with enhanced Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is the basis for formulating a technological value in simple,comparable format. A case study is provided to show how this technological value is used to evaluate a three year network deployment plan. In the future, this model could be extended to WiMAX equipment suppliers for the purpose of validating performance targets of individual criteria, and enhancing supplier roadmaps for future network development.     

Algorithms to determine exact blocking probabilities for multiratetree networks

A circuit-switched network consisting of multiple-access links connected to a common link is considered. Each call requires circuits on one access link and on the common link. The network supports multiple classes of calls where each class specifies a bandwidth requirement, an arrival rate, and a holding-time distribution. Based on a product-form solution for these networks, four algorithms are developed to determine the exact blocking probability for each of the classes. The first two algorithms are based on convolution, the third on the fast Fourier transform, and the fourth on a recursion due to J.S. Kaufman (1981) and to J.W. Roberts (1981). Complexity bounds and numerical results demonstrate that these algorithms can determine blocking probabilities in reasonable CPU time for networks with thousands of circuits     

Monolithically integrated InGaAs/InP MSM-FET photoreceiver preparedby chemical beam epitaxy

The first monolithic integration of a metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) InGaAs photodetector with a field-effect transistor (FET) and resistors into a high-impedance front-end photoreceiver circuit is discussed. The sample was grown in a single step by chemical beam epitaxy, and standard processing steps for making FETs were used to fabricate the receiver circuit. Semi-insulating Fe-doped InP layers were used as the insulating gate of the FET, the barrier enhancement layer in the MSM photodetector, and the electrical isolation layer between the photodetector and the electronic circuit. A bit error rate of less than 10^-9 at 200 Mb/s has been achieved with this preliminary circuit for an optical power of -17 dBm     

Adaptive encoding of zoomable video streams based on user access pattern

Zoomable video allows users to selectively zoom and pan into regions of interest within the video for viewing at higher resolutions. Such interaction requires dynamic cropping of RoIs on the source video. We have previously explored two different ways of encoding and transmitting video to support dynamic RoI cropping: (i) Monolithic streaming uses a standard video encoder to encode the video. When an RoI is requested, the bits belonging to the RoI along with other bits required to decode the RoIs (due to encoding dependencies) are transmitted. (ii) Tile streaming divides regions in the standard video into rectangular tiles that are encoded independently. The tiles that intersect with a requested RoI are transmitted. In this paper, we consider how the bandwidth needed to transmit the RoIs can be reduced by carefully encoding the source video for each of the two encoding schemes. The goal is to support bandwidth efficient compressed domain RoI cropping in the context of virtual zoom and pan by tuning encoder parameters. Our key idea is to exploit user access patterns to the RoIs, and encode different regions of the video with different encoding parameters based on the popularity of the region. We show that our encoding method can reduce the expected bandwidth by up to 43% in the test video sequence which we have used.     

Multimedia-MAC protocol: its performance analysis and applications for WDM networks

The design of the medium-access control (MAC) protocol is the most crucial aspect for high-speed and high-performance local and metropolitan area networks, since the decisions made at this level determine the major functional characteristics of these networks. Most of the MAC protocols proposed in the literature are not suitable for multimedia applications, since they have been designed with one generic traffic type in mind. As a result, they perform quite well for the traffic types they have been designed for, but poorly for other traffic streams with different characteristics. In this paper, we propose an integrated MAC protocol called the Multimedia-MAC (M-MAC), which integrates different MAC protocols into a hybrid protocol in a shared-medium network to efficiently accommodate various types of multimedia traffic streams with different characteristics and quality-of-service demands, namely, a constant-bit-rate traffic, bursty traffic (say, variable-bit-rate traffic), and emergency messages (say, control messages). We have developed a mathematical framework for the analysis and performance evaluation of our M-MAC protocol, which involves a queueing system with vacation. We have applied our M-MAC design approach to a wavelength-division multiplexing network, and evaluated its performance under various traffic conditions.     

Joint Rate-and-Power Allocation for Multi-channel Spectrum Sharing Networks with Balanced QoS Provisioning and Power Saving

In this paper we study the joint rate-and-power allocation for multi-channel spectrum sharing networks with balanced QoS provisioning and power saving. We formulate this cross-layer optimization problem as a non-cooperative game G _JRPA in which each user has a coupled two-tuple strategy, i.e., simultaneous rate and multi-channel power allocations. A multi-objective cost function is proposed to represent user’s awareness of both QoS provisioning and power saving. We analyze the properties of Nash equilibrium (N.E.) for our G _JRPA , including its existence, and properties of QoS provisioning and power saving. Furthermore, we derive a layered structure by applying the Lagrangian dual decomposition to G _JRPA and design a distributed algorithm to find the N.E.. Simulation results are presented to show the validity of our game theoretic formulation and the performance of our proposed algorithm. Detailed studies on the performance tradeoff between QoS provisioning and power saving are also carried out.

Time domain Green's functions for lossy and dispersive multilayered media

We have introduced a fast method of calculating the time domain Green's functions for multilayered media. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of this method to compute the scalar potential Green's function for a multilayer lossy dispersive medium on a PEC ground. The strength of the method lies in obtaining the Green's function for many source-to-field distances /spl rho/ and time instances t simultaneously. It only takes 6 min 28 s to compute 100/spl times/336=33 600 space time Green's function points in Matlab on a Pentium III 867 MHz processor with 1 GB of RAM for a multilayered lossy dispersive medium.