Effect of compatibility of cellulose acetate/poly(vinyl butyral) blends on pervaporation behavior of their membranes for methanol/methyl tert‐butyl ether mixture

Binary blends and their blend membranes of cellulose acetate (CA) and poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) are prepared by solution blending. The compatibility of the blends is studied by viscometry and Fourier transform IR. It is found that the incompatibility of the blends is markedly manifested when the weight fraction of PVB in the CA/PVB blends (W_PVB) is located at higher regions. On the other hand, compatibility is obtained for the CA/PVB blends with lower W_PVB values, especially at about 0.2. This compatibility is believed to play a key role in the good pervaporation behavior of CA/PVB blend membranes. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 2434–2439, 2002     

Reaction Coupling of Ethylbenzene Dehydrogenation with Nitrobenzene Hydrogenation

The chemical equilibrium for the coupling of ethylbenzene dehydrogenation with nitrobenzene hydrogenation, to produce styrene and aniline simultaneously, has been calculated on the basis of the Soave–Redlich–Kwong equation of state. The dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene in the presence of nitrobenzene over the catalysts -Al₂O₃, ZSM-5, activated carbon and platinum supported on activated carbon has been carried out at 400 °C. The effects of Pt loading and the pretreatment of the catalysts have been investigated. It has been revealed that the conversion of ethylbenzene can be greatly improved by the reaction coupling due to the elimination of the hydrogen produced in the reaction by the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene. Platinum supported on the activated carbon has been suggested as a suitable catalyst. The best results with ethylbenzene conversion of 33.8% and styrene selectivity of 99.2% were obtained over Pt(0.02 wt%)/AC at 400 °C. Moreover, such process is also energetically favored since the necessary process heat to drive the ethylbenzene dehydrogenation can be provided by the coupling with the exothermic nitrobenzene hydrogenation reaction.     

低苯乙烯散发不饱和聚酯树脂研究

用单官能团醇对不饱和聚酯树脂改性，合成了苯乙烯质量分数为30％和W01树脂，对W01树脂的挥发性和反应性进行了测定，研究了成膜助剂对01树脂性能的影响，并与通用型191树脂和一种亚克力板层间粘合用不饱和聚酯树脂进行了比较；指出结合成膜助剂的W01树脂进一步降低苯乙烯的散发。     

水热法制备ZrO_2纳米微晶及对乙醇和丁烷气敏性研究

用水热法制备 Zr O2 纳米微晶的平均尺寸为直径 5 nm,长 7.5 nm。由 X射线衍射确认晶相为单斜相。并对其形状和大小进行了透射电镜和激光散射分析 ,结果表明 Zr O2 纳米粒子在水溶液中存在软团聚 ,团聚体平均尺寸约 90 nm。着重研究了 Zr O2 纳米微晶对乙醇及丁烷的气敏性能 ,结果表明用纳米级 Zr O2 粒子制备的气敏元件对乙醇和丁烷有好的气敏性。并且随着纳米粒子尺寸降低 ,对气体敏感性增强     

胶冻强度与明胶α组分关系的研究

用十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)法测定了明胶的α组分含量;用胶冻强度测定仪测定了它们的胶冻强度。结果表明,这两组数据的比值呈线性的对应关系。作者曾在“α_1组分含量最高的明胶”一文中推测,胶冻强度与明胶α组分含量之间存在相互的影响,这一推测在本文的研究中得到证实。     

利用不同碳源合成生物表面活性剂的研究

铜绿假单孢菌在葡萄糖，甘油、石蜡、菜油培养基中合成鼠李糖酯生物表面活性剂的最高产量分别为0．48g/L、18．90g/L、2．28g/L、13．50g/L。根据各碳源的代谢特点和相应的发酵动力学，分析认为葡萄糖和短链烷烃东适合生物表面活性剂的合成，甘油发酵中细胞生长和产物合成沿着相同的代谢途径，细胞的适应性好，鼠李糖酯产量高，从经济性考虑，菜油是大规模生产生物表面活性剂的首选碳源。     

下集气管马鞍焊缝的损伤分析

对运行9.56×10 4h下集气管马鞍焊缝的损伤进行分析.结果表明:马鞍焊缝损伤严重,应彻底清除并重新焊接.     

分光光度法测定锌铁合金镀层及镀液中的铁

采用分光光度法，以磺基水杨酸为显色剂、双氧水为氧化剂，锌铁合金镀层用稀盐酸溶解，控制pH值为1.5～3，在等吸收点处测定吸光度，并根据比耳定律计算镀层及镀液中的铁含量。     

乳液聚合螺旋半园管夹套反应釜

本文将螺旋半园管夹套反应釜与传统的夹套反应釜进行了对比 ,并介绍了螺旋半园管夹套釜在乳液聚合中的应用     

溶胶-凝胶工艺制备ZrO2涂层对工程陶瓷表面改性的研究

采用无机盐先驱体 ,溶胶 -凝胶工艺在氧化铝基工程陶瓷上成功制备了ZrO2 涂层。用差热分析(DTA)、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)、X射线衍射 (XRD)等分析手段对ZrO2 涂层的物相组成、表面和断面形貌进行了表征。对精磨、热处理、ZrO2 涂层试样的抗弯强度和Weibull模数进行了比较。结果表明 :ZrO2 涂层可以明显改善陶瓷的表面质量 ;涂层与基体结合紧密 ,无明显的界面层 ;涂层试样的抗弯强度和Weibull模数均比未涂层试样有明显的提高。