非球面光学设计技术综述

非球面光学在工业、国防和商业等领域的应用中具有十分重要的意义。当用非球面设计光学系统时,非球面方程的选用十分重要,决定着系统最佳优化结果。文章介绍了非球面光学技术的发展过程。分析了常用非球面的应用方程,井对非球面应用方程的特点及非球面系数的关系进行了概述,较详细地分析了各类非球面应用方程的适用范围,最后概述了非球面光学在军事、工业等领域的应用以及发展趋势。     

Using metal/organic junction engineering to prepare an efficient organic base-modulation triode and its inverter

In this study, we investigated the influence of a buffer layer of molybdic oxide (MoO₃) at the metal/organic junction on the behavior of organic base-modulation triodes. The performance of devices featuring MoO₃/Al as the emitter electrode was enhanced relative to that of corresponding devices with Au and Ag, presumably because of the reduced in the contact barrier and the prevention of metal diffusion into the organic layer. The device exhibited an output current of ?16.1 μA at V_B = ?5 V and a current ON/OFF ratio of 10³. Using this architecture, we constructed resistance–load inverters that exhibited a calculated gain of 6.     

自适应光学系统中的波前曲率传感技术

本文阐述了波前曲率传感技术的基本原理,分析了传统实现方案的优缺点;重点介绍了近年发展起来的的基于衍射光栅的渡前曲率传感器及其工作原理;对比分析了波前曲率传感器的两种相位恢复算法;介绍了波前曲率传感器的最新应用情况以及国内对波前曲率传感器研究和应用的最新进展.     

一种应用于IEEE 802.11 b/g/n无线局域网收发机的CMOS模拟基带电路

本文提出了一种应用于直接变频无线局域网收发机的模拟基带电路,该电路采用标准的0.13微米CMOS工艺实现,包括了采用有源RC方式实现的接收4阶椭圆低通滤波器、发射3阶切比雪夫低通滤波器、包含直流失调消除伺服环路的接收可变增益放大器及片上输出缓冲器。芯片面积共1.26平方毫米。接收基带链路增益可在-11dB至49dB间以2dB步长调节。相应地,基带接收输入等效噪声电压（IRN）在50 nV/sqrt(Hz) 至30.2 nV/ sqrt(Hz)间变化而带内输入三阶交调（IIP3）在21dBm至-41dBm间变化。接收及发射低通滤波器的转折频率可在5MHz、10MHz及20MHz之间选择以符合包含802.11b/g/n的多种标准的要求。接收基带I、Q两路的增益可在-1.6dB至0.9dB之间以0.1dB的步长分别调节以实现发射IQ增益失调校正。通过采用基于相同积分器的椭圆滤波器综合技术及作用于电容阵列的全局补偿技术,接收滤波器的功耗显著降低。工作于1.2V电源电压时,整个芯片的基带接收及发射链路分别消耗26.8mA及8mA电流。     

一种克服色度色散影响的四倍频光毫米波信号产生方法

提出一种克服色度色散影响的四倍频光毫米波信号产生方法。该方法使用一个双驱动马赫曾德尔调制器,通过调整上、下两路射频信号的相位差、直流偏置点、调制系数以及基带信号增益,将数据信号仅调制到四倍频光毫米波信号的一个2阶边带上传输,解决了色度色散引起的码元走离问题,有效增加了传输距离。理论分析和仿真实验结果表明,信号在光纤中传输120 km后眼图仍然十分清晰,经过60 km传输后的功率代价约为0.45 dB。另外,基于频率再用技术,没有调制数据的另一个2阶边带信号还可以作为全双工光纤无线通信(RoF)系统的上行链路光载波,简化了基站配置。仿真实验结果表明,双向2.5 Gbit/s数据信号在光纤中传输40 km后,功率代价小于0.6 dB。     

使用物体交互模型的车辆违停事件检测

随着平安城市与监控摄像头的发展,车辆违章停靠事件的自动检测在视频自动检测方法中具有重要意义.当前的目标检测算法,例如基于特征+分类器、基于视频背景差分、基于深度学习的方法等,大多关注车牌、交通标志的定位与识别,而忽略了对车辆违章等事件的判别.因此,发展了一种基于物体交互模型的车辆违章停靠事件检测方法:首先基于轮廓提取和SVM进行车牌检测;其次基于形状和颜色进行交通标志检测;最后基于物体交互模型来判断是否违停.上述方法在真实视频场景中的实验验证了方法的有效性和可靠性.     

基于Flex和Java技术的工业能效监测管理系统设计与实现

本文主要对基于Flex和Java的RIA技术进行探讨,针对当前工业能耗的建设和发展趋势,构建工业能效监测管理系统,阐述了本系统的设计过程和如何运用Blazeds集成Flex和Java技术开发RIA的企业级应用系统.     

High‐Performance Ultraviolet Photodetector Based on a Few‐Layered 2D NiPS3 Nanosheet

2D materials, represented by transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), have attracted tremendous research interests in photoelectronic and electronic devices. However, for their relatively small bandgap (<2 eV), the application of traditional TMDs into solar‐blind ultraviolet (UV) photodetection is restricted. Here, for the first time, NiPS₃ nanosheets are grown via chemical vapor deposition method. The nanosheets thinning to 3.2 nm with the lateral size of dozens of micrometers are acquired. Based on the various nanosheets, a linearity is found between the Raman intensity of specific A_g modes and the thickness, providing a convenient method to determine their layer numbers. Furthermore, a UV photodetector is fabricated using few‐layered 2D NiPS₃ nanosheets. It shows an ultrafast rise time shorter than 5 ms with an ultralow dark current less than 10 fA. Notably, this UV photodetector demonstrates a high detectivity of 1.22 × 10¹² Jones, outperforming some traditional wide‐bandgap UV detectors. The wavelength‐dependent photoresponsivity measurement allows the direct observation of an admirable cut‐off wavelength at 360 nm, which indicates a superior spectral selectivity. The promising photodetector performance, accompanied with the controllable fabrication and transfer process of nanosheet, lays the foundation of applying 2D semiconductors for ultrafast UV light detection.     

氮气或氧气气氛退火的氧化铪材料电荷泄漏情况研究

本文中, 使用开尔文探针显微镜,研究了不同退火气氛(氧气或氮气)情况下氧化铪材料的电子和空穴的电荷保持特性。与氮气退火器件相比,氧气退火可以使保持性能变好。横向扩散和纵向泄露在电荷泄露机制中都起了重要的作用。 并且,保持性能的改善与陷阱能级深度有关。氮气和氧气退火情况下,氧化铪存储结构的的电子分别为0.44 eV, 0.49 eV,空穴能级分别为0.34 eV, 0.36 eV。 最后得到,不同退火气氛存储器件的电学性能也与KFM结果一致。对于氧化铪作为存储层的存储器件而言,对存储特性的定性和定量分析,陷阱能级,还有泄漏机制研究是十分有意义的。     

2D MoN1.2-rGO Stacked Heterostructures Enabled Water State Modification for Highly Efficient Interfacial Solar Evaporation

Improving interfacial solar evaporation performance is crucial for the practical application of this technology in solar-driven seawater desalination. Lowering evaporation enthalpy is one of the most promising and effective strategies to significantly improve solar evaporation rate. In this study, a new pathway to lower vaporization enthalpy by introducing heterogeneous interactions between hydrophilic hybrid materials and water molecules is developed. 2D MoN_1.2 nanosheets are synthesized and integrated with rGO nanosheets to form stacked MoN_1.2-rGO heterostructures with massive junction interfaces for interfacial solar evaporation. Molecular dynamics simulation confirms that atomic thick 2D MoN_1.2 and rGO in the MoN_1.2-rGO heterostructures simultaneously interact with water molecules, while the interactions are remarkably different. These heterogeneous interactions cause an imbalanced water state, which easily breaks the hydrogen bonds between water molecules, leading to dramatically lowered vaporization enthalpy and improved solar evaporation rate (2.6 kg m⁻² h⁻¹). This study provides a promising strategy for designing 2D-2D heterostructures to regulate evaporation enthalpy to improve solar evaporate rate for clean water production.