LCC-HVDC系统直流控制回路小干扰稳定性分析

文中针对整流侧采用定直流电流控制策略、逆变侧采用定直流电压控制策略的电网换相换流器高压直流输电系统,基于状态空间模型的Laplace变换建立了线性化直流控制回路的传递函数模型;采用增益裕度、相位裕度和灵敏度函数最大峰值指标,定量评估了直流控制回路带宽、逆变侧锁相环带宽和逆变侧交流电网强度对各直流控制回路小干扰稳定性的影响;揭示了不同系统参数下各直流控制回路稳定裕度的具体变化规律.仿真结果验证了线性化传递函数模型及理论分析结果的正确性.     

含微裂纹铝材的电磁超声Lamb波混频非线性检测及量化分析

早期微裂纹的检测是结构失效分析的关键,该文利用电磁超声Lamb波混频检测的方法,综合考虑微裂纹界面呼吸作用的特点,以弹簧模型为基础并考虑微裂纹界面的迟滞效应和阻尼力,建立含有微裂纹的三维Lamb波混频非线性检测模型,模拟混频超声波作用下微裂纹的波动状况,分析混频超声波与微裂纹界面发生的非线性作用,研究微裂纹长度与深度的变化对混频调制效果的影响.最后搭建电磁超声混频非线性检测系统,根据差频非线性系数与和频非线性系数对微裂纹长度变化敏感性的不同定义了综合系数因子,量化分析微裂纹的长度.通过实验数据得到了综合系数因子与微裂纹长度之间的关系,并对微裂纹长度进行了预测.实验结果表明,利用综合系数因子可以对微裂纹长度进行有效的预测.     

模块化多电平换流器直流故障过电流精确计算与分析

模块化多电平换流器(MMC)发生直流故障后,换流站会出现明显的过电流,对MMC的可靠性产生严重影响.而故障暂态电流的精确计算是实现对暂态过电流有效评估的最直接的手段.为了精确计算MMC故障过电流,提出一种同时考虑交流系统与电容放电影响的故障电流精确计算方法,对桥臂等效模型进行了建模与分析,指出了桥臂电压对时间的微分应由电容项与子模块投入函数项组成.基于桥臂等效模型,建立了MMC直流故障下的状态方程,计算得出了MMC直流故障电流的数值解,对可能出现的最大过电流与最小过电流进行评估,并将此结果与电磁暂态仿真模型(EMT)中的仿真结果进行对比验证,证明了该方法的准确性.最后,将该计算方法与两种传统的故障电流计算分析方法进行了比较,指出了传统故障电流计算方法的不足之处,并进一步验证了该方法的有效性.该文提出的计算和分析方法可以为MMC关键部件的选型提供一定的参考,并为直流故障保护方案的设计提供依据.     

基于声波时域特征的锂离子电池荷电状态表征

许多先进的检测技术已被证实能获取锂离子电池的荷电状态(SOC),然而目前的检测手段未能同时满足精度和效率方面的要求.利用超声波对SOC的表征已经得到初步的认可,该方法检测效率高、对电池损伤小,但存在单个声学指标与电池材料动力学特性不清晰的问题.该文在分析锂离子电池SOC声学表征研究现状的基础上,将振铃计数引入电池SOC评价中,明确SOC与振铃计数的相关性.基于Lemaitre等效应变原理推导了振铃计数与有效杨氏模量的对应关系,提出基于超声纵波的锂离子电池SOC在线检测方法,结合常规的声学指标研究了锂离子电池在充放电循环中有效杨氏模量演化规律.通过将常规的时域声学指标与振铃计数表征结果进行对比,验证了振铃计数对SOC表征的可行性.     

高Q值超低功耗谐振式磁传感器的设计与实现

针对现有谐振式磁传感器原理不能同时实现高品质因数(Q)和低功耗的缺点,利用双端固定石英音叉谐振器与铁镓磁致伸缩合金片复合,设计了一种隔离磁机阻尼的高Q值、数字频率输出的超低功耗谐振式磁传感器。利用音叉谐振器结构的解耦特性,设计应力耦合传递结构,隔离了磁致伸缩材料磁机阻尼,从而保证复合传感器Q值与音叉谐振器Q值相当。在磁场作用下,磁致伸缩力传递到音叉谐振器,由于音叉力敏感特性,实现磁-力-频率转换。制备了铁镓合金/石英音叉谐振器复合敏感结构,测试表明,在低气压封装条件下的品质因数约为16 764,门振荡电路功耗约为124.8μW,在线性区灵敏度为3.05 Hz/Oe,分辨率为6 mOe。     

Cu基Cu-Zr-Al块体非晶合金的成分设计

利用变电子浓度经验判据，从Cu—Zr亚组元体系中的最深共晶点Cu61．8Zr38.2和次深共晶点Cu56Zr44出发，连接第三组元Al，建立(Cu61.8Zr38．2)1-xAlx和(Cu56Zr44)1-xAlx变电子浓度线．电子浓度在1．24—1．30的(Cu61．8Zr38．2)1-xAlx合金可通过铜模吸铸法形成直径为3mm的块体非晶；对于(Cu56Zr44)1-xAlx系列合金，块体非晶形成的电子浓度区间为1．28-1．36．热分析结果表明，每条变电子浓度线上块体非晶合金的热稳定性和玻璃形成能力随电子浓度增大而增加．其中，(Cu61．8Zr38.2)1-xAlx变电子浓度线上的非晶合金Cu58．1Zr35．9Al6(e／α=1．3)具有最高的热稳定性和最大的玻璃形成能力，其特征参数Tg=760K，Tg／Tl=0．648，皆高于已报道的最优成分Cu55Zr40Al5(Tg=722K，Tg／Tl=0．614)。     

Fault diagnosis of internal combustion engines using visual dot patterns of acoustic and vibration signals

An investigation of the fault diagnosis technique in internal combustion engines based on the visual dot pattern of acoustic and vibration signals is presented in this paper. Acoustic emissions and vibration signals are well known as being able to be used for monitoring the conditions of rotating machineries. Most of the conventional methods for fault diagnosis using acoustic and vibration signals are primarily based on observing the amplitude differences in the time or frequency domain. Unfortunately, the signals caused by damaged elements, such as those buried in broadband background noise or from smearing problems arising in practical applications, particularly at low revolution, are not always available. In the present study, a visual dot pattern technique is proposed to identify the acoustic emission and vibration signals for fault diagnosis in an internal combustion engine and drive axle shaft. Experiments are carried out to evaluate the proposed system for fault diagnosis under various fault conditions. The experimental results indicate that the proposed technique is effective in the fault diagnosis of an internal combustion engine and drive axle shaft.     

Mechanisms of nanostructure and metastable phase formations in the surface melted layers of a HCPEB-treated D2 steel

This work investigates the mechanism of surface modification associated with the high-current pulsed electron beam (HCPEB) treatment of a D2 steel with increasing numbers of pulses. The surface layers were melted and resolidified but the treated surfaces showed very different features. This variation is essentially due to the different levels of homogeneity and carbide dissolution. It is demonstrated that the presence of carbides served as nucleation sites for the surface eruption phenomenon that creates craters on the surface. After a sufficient number of pulses, most of the carbides in the surface layer were dissolved and an almost crater-free homogeneous melted layer consisting of a very stable nano-austenite structure was formed. The HCPEB technique is thus demonstrated to be a versatile technique for surface microstructure modification involving, in the case of steels, austenite stabilization and ultrafine grain formation.     

Zr65Al7.5Ni10Cu17.5块状非晶晶化过程的电镜研究

用透射电镜对Zr65Al7.5Ni10 Cu17.5块状非晶合金的晶化过程进行了研究。发现晶化过程的不同阶段相的组成是不同的。710K时 ,主要是tI CuZr2 相和tP Al2 Zr3 相 ,两者有固定的取向关系 :[0 10 ]tI∥ [0 10 ]tP,(10- 3) tI∥(2 0 2 ) tP。在 76 0K时 ,除了前面的两个相外 ,又出现了hP2 Al2 NiZr6相和hP3 α Zr相 ,两者也有固定取向关系 :[113]hP2 ∥ [0 0 1]hP3 ,(14- 1) hP2 ∥ (2 1- 0 ) hP3 。根据它们的晶格常数的相似性可以把晶化相归纳为两类 :tI ,oC ,hP3 和tP ,hP1,hP2 。这些相都是Zr基的 ,但前者富Cu和Ni,后者富Al。用电镜得到的结果来标定X射线衍射谱 ,结果吻合很好。     

Improvement of Wear Resistance of Magnesium Alloy AZ91HP by High Current Pulsed Electron Beam Treatment

MAGNESIUM ALLOYS exhibit high strength toweight ratio and stiffness and are finding theirapplications in air,automobile and electronic industries.Despite the worldwide growing interests inmagnesium alloys,their inferior wear resistance is aserious impediment.Considering that wear is asurface-related behavior,surface modification canresolve the problem.Recently,intense and pulsed energetic beams areemerging as new and effective methods for surfacemodification.The High Current Pulsed Ele…