高速定时分件供送螺杆系统研究新进展──变螺距螺旋线设计新方法初探

着重阐述在高速定时分件供送螺杆基础理论的系统研究中，长期以来未能很好解决的一些难题，进一步探讨合理设计变螺距螺旋线的新方法以及确定有关参数的若干准则。     

Distinct Tomato Cultivars Are Characterized by a Differential Pattern of Biochemical Responses to Drought Stress

Future climate scenarios suggest that crop plants will experience environmental changes capable of affecting their productivity. Among the most harmful environmental stresses is drought, defined as a total or partial lack of water availability. It is essential to study and understand both the damage caused by drought on crop plants and the mechanisms implemented to tolerate the stress. In this study, we focused on four cultivars of tomato, an economically important crop in the Mediterranean basin. We investigated the biochemical mechanisms of plant defense against drought by focusing on proteins specifically involved in this stress, such as osmotin, dehydrin, and aquaporin, and on proteins involved in the general stress response, such as HSP70 and cyclophilins. Since sugars are also known to act as osmoprotectants in plant cells, proteins involved in sugar metabolism (such as RuBisCO and sucrose synthase) were also analyzed. The results show crucial differences in biochemical behavior among the selected cultivars and highlight that the most tolerant tomato cultivars adopt quite specific biochemical strategies such as different accumulations of aquaporins and osmotins. The data set also suggests that RuBisCO isoforms and aquaporins can be used as markers of tolerance/susceptibility to drought stress and be used to select tomato cultivars within breeding programs.     

Environmental Stress and Plants

Land plants are constantly subjected to multiple unfavorable or even adverse environmental conditions. Among them, abiotic stresses (such as salt, drought, heat, cold, heavy metals, ozone, UV radiation, and nutrient deficiencies) have detrimental effects on plant growth and productivity and are increasingly important considering the direct or indirect effects of climate change. Plants respond in many ways to abiotic stresses, from gene expression to physiology, from plant architecture to primary, and secondary metabolism. These complex changes allow plants to tolerate and/or adapt to adverse conditions. The complexity of plant response can be further influenced by the duration and intensity of stress, the plant genotype, the combination of different stresses, the exposed tissue and cell type, and the developmental stage at which plants perceive the stress. It is therefore important to understand more about how plants perceive stress conditions and how they respond and adapt (both in natural and anthropogenic environments). These concepts were the basis of the Special Issue that International Journal of Molecular Sciences expressly addressed to the relationship between environmental stresses and plants and that resulted in the publication of 5 reviews and 38 original research articles. The large participation of several authors and the good number of contributions testifies to the considerable interest that the topic currently receives in the plant science community, especially in the light of the foreseeable climate changes. Here, we briefly summarize the contributions included in the Special Issue, both original articles categorized by stress type and reviews that discuss more comprehensive responses to various stresses.     

企业标准化体系与质量体系的关系

＠蔡伟￥太原化学工业集团公司企业按ＧＢ／Ｔ１９０００—ＩＳＯ９０００系列标准建立完善的质量体系,既强化内部管理,严格过程控制,降低生产成本,提高产品质量,增加经济效益,又为企业带来了良好的市场效益。企业标准化工作由原来单一的技术标准延伸到管理工作范围。工业...     

Direct sampling of chemical weapons in water by photoionization mass spectrometry

The vulnerability of water supplies to toxic contamination calls for fast and effective means for screening water samples for multiple threats. We describe the use of photoionization (PI) mass spectrometry (MS) for high-speed, high-throughput screening and molecular identification of chemical weapons (CW) threats and other hazardous compounds. The screening technology can detect a wide range of compounds at subacute concentrations with no sample preparation and a sampling cycle time of approximately 45 s. The technology was tested with CW agents VX, GA, GB, GD, GF, HD, HN1, and HN3, in addition to riot agents and precursors. All are sensitively detected and give simple PI mass spectra dominated by the parent ion. The target application of the PI MS method is as a routine, real-time early warning system for CW agents and other hazardous compounds in air and in water. In this work, we also present comprehensive measurements for water analysis and report on the system detection limits, linearity, quantitation accuracy, and false positive (FP) and false negative rates for concentrations at subacute levels. The latter data are presented in the form of receiver operating characteristic curves of the form of detection probability P(D) versus FP probability P(FP). These measurements were made using the CW surrogate compounds, DMMP, DEMP, DEEP, and DIMP. Method detection limits (3sigma) obtained using a capillary injection method yielded 1, 6, 3, and 2 ng/mL, respectively. These results were obtained using 1-microL injections of water samples without any preparation, corresponding to mass detection limits of 1, 6, 3, and 2 pg, respectively. The linear range was about 3-4 decades and the dynamic range about 4-5 decades. The relative standard deviations were generally <10% at CW subacute concentrations levels.     

4D动感数字电影控制系统的研究与实现

4D动感数字电影是信息时代数字化技术高速发展的产物,针对目前市场4D动感数字电影技术的现状,采用服务器/客户端的控制模式,提出了基于计算机网络的4D动感数字电影控制方案。将编辑数字电影的特效参数进行数据库存储,播放时利用局域网实现多端同步播放控制,根据播放数字电影的信息准确读取相应的编辑好的特效动作,实现4D动感影院环境的仿真控制,真正达到动感功能和影片播放的同步,提高数字电影特效效果从而营造4D效果。     

搭建网络实验环境的探索与实践

网络实验设备缺乏,资金不足是目前高校网络实验室建设中遇到的普遍难题,而且网络实验往往需要多主机、多操作系统的环境,这样的环境维护比较复杂。针对这些情况,提出采用虚拟机软件VMWare、Boson模拟器和NS2网络模拟软件搭建网络实验环境,既节省计算机网络实验设备的投资,又减轻网络实验室管理人员的负担。     

面向新一代能量管理系统的集群计算中间件

介绍了一种面向新一代能量管理系统（EMS）的集群计算环境的中间件（WLGrid）。该中间件被设计成一个容器,可以为不同功能的插件提供网络通信、资源定位、失败处理等高性能服务。由于采用了组件化开发策略,该中间件具有解耦的可插入式软件结构。通过屏蔽Socket通信、多任务处理等实现细节,使用该中间件的开发者可专注于业务逻辑的实现,从而降低了新一代EMS中分布式应用的开发难度。现场运行结果表明,基于WLGrid开发的预警系统,具有良好的可维护性和可扩展性,且计算速度能够满足实用要求。