Mariana G. Braz  Lorena I. M. Carvalho  Chung-Yen O. Chen  Jeffrey B. Blumberg  Kátina M. Souza  Nayara M. Arruda  Daniel A. A. Filho  Ludimila O. Resende  Renata T. B. G. Faria  Clara d'A. Canário  Lídia R. de Carvalho  Camila R. Corrêa  José Reinaldo C. Braz  Leandro G. Braz 《Indoor air》2020,30(3):512-520

This cross-sectional study analyzed the impact of occupational waste anesthetic gases on genetic material, oxidative stress, and inflammation status in young physicians exposed to inhalational anesthetics at the end of their medical residency. Concentrations of waste anesthetic gases were measured in the operating rooms to assess anesthetic pollution. The exposed group comprised individuals occupationally exposed to inhalational anesthetics, while the control group comprised individuals without anesthetic exposure. We quantified DNA damage; genetic instability (micronucleus-MN); protein, lipid, and DNA oxidation; antioxidant activities; and proinflammatory cytokine levels. Trace concentrations of anesthetics (isoflurane: 5.3 ± 2.5 ppm, sevoflurane: 9.7 ± 5.9 ppm, and nitrous oxide: 180 ± 150 ppm) were above international recommended thresholds. Basal DNA damage and IL-17A were significantly higher in the exposed group [27 ± 20 a.u. and 20.7(19.1;31.8) pg/mL, respectively] compared to the control group [17 ± 11 a.u. and 19.0(18.9;19.5) pg/mL, respectively], and MN frequency was slightly increased in the exposed physicians (2.3-fold). No significant difference was observed regarding oxidative stress biomarkers. The findings highlight the genetic and inflammatory risks in young physicians exposed to inhalational agents in operating rooms lacking adequate scavenging systems. This potential health hazard can accompany these subjects throughout their professional lives and reinforces the need to reduce ambient air pollution and consequently, occupational exposure.  相似文献   

    

Clara Hartmanshenn  Johannes G. Khinast  Charles D. Papageorgiou  Chris Mitchell  Justin Quon  Benjamin J. Glasser 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2020,66(4):e16861

Agitated drying of pharmaceuticals remains a challenging manufacturing step due to the simultaneous heat transfer, mass transfer, and physicochemical changes occurring during the process. This work focuses on the heat transfer component by implementing the discrete element method to model dry particles in a heated bladed mixer. Simulations varying material conductivities and impeller agitation rates were conducted to evaluate the influence on the mean bed temperature and distribution. The results indicated that increasing the agitation rate generally improved heat transfer up until a critical agitation rate where the rate of heat transfer plateaued. The magnitude of this improvement in heat transfer depended on the material's thermal properties. We observed three regimes: a conduction-dominated regime where particles heated quickly but with an annular temperature gradient, a granular convection-dominated regime where particles heated slowly but uniformly, and an intermediate regime. The results were nondimensionalized to enable predictions and help inform drying protocols.  相似文献   

    

Stephan Sibirtsev  Clara Berinike Gbel  Andreas Jupke 《化学，工程师，技术》2019,91(12):1787-1793

Optimal design of a liquid‐liquid settler requires experimental investigation on phase separation behavior of the used material system under the same operating conditions as in the technical application. Performing these experiments and evaluating the obtained data is highly time‐consuming. To reduce manual effort, the procedure was largely automated. In this work, the experimental setup, the automated procedure, and its validation results at various operating temperatures are presented. The results show the suitability of the automated procedure and the influence of temperature on phase separation behavior of the liquid‐liquid system 1‐octanol/water.  相似文献   

    

Ana Clara Aprotosoaie  Anca Miron  Nina Ciocrlan  Mihai Brebu  Cr&#x;i&#x;a Maria Rou  Adriana Trifan  Gabriela Vochi&#x;a  Daniela Gherghel  Simon Vlad Luca  Alexandru Ni&#x;&#x;  Irina‐Iuliana Costache  Cosmin Teodor Mihai 《Flavour and Fragrance Journal》2019,34(3):175-186

Thymus species are important aromatic, medicinal and culinary plants with a significant economic value. This study evaluated for the first time the chemical composition and in vitro bioactivities of the essential oils (EOs) from five Moldavian Thymus species (T. vulgaris, T. × citriodorus, T. calcareus) and cultivars (T. vulgaris ‘Faustini’, T. citriodorus ‘Aureus’). The main compounds in Thymus EOs were: thymol in T. vulgaris and T. calcareus EOs (55.44% and 55.45%, respectively), lavandulol in T. × citriodorus EO (54.27%), and geraniol in T. citriodorus ‘Aureus’ and T. vulgaris ‘Faustini’ EOs (60.31% and 31.45%, respectively). T. vulgaris and T. calcareus EOs showed the most potent antioxidant activities (EC₅₀=0.003 mg/mL in ABTS radical cation scavenging assay) and exhibited significant inhibitory effects against aflatoxin‐producing Aspergillus flavus fungus (MIC=0.25 μL/mL). At doses that provided micromolar concentrations of thymol, T. vulgaris and T. calcareus EOs acted genoprotective at preventive and interventional levels against H₂O₂‐induced genomic damage in V79 cells, the former being more active (6.21% and 5.52% vs. 25.13% and 7.26% tail DNA in pre‐ and post‐treatment protocols, respectively). The genoprotective effects may be ascribed to antioxidant potential and, possibly, to stimulation of DNA repair processes. The Moldavian Thymus species are valuable resources of bioactive EOs for pharmaceutical and food industries (T. vulgaris, T.calcareus) but also for flavor industry and perfumery (T. × citriodorus, T. citriodorus ‘Aureus’, T. vulgaris ‘Faustini’).  相似文献   

    

Clara Gomez-Cruz;Miguel Fernandez-de la Torre;Dariusz Lachowski;Martin Prados-de-Haro;Armando E. del Río Hernández;Gertrudis Perea;Arrate Muñoz-Barrutia;Daniel Garcia-Gonzalez; 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2024,36(26):2312497

This work introduces NeoMag, a system designed to enhance cell mechanics assays in substrate deformation studies. NeoMag uses multidomain magneto-active materials to mechanically actuate the substrate, transmitting reversible mechanical cues to cells. The system boasts full flexibility in alternating loading substrate deformation modes, seamlessly adapting to both upright and inverted microscopes. The multidomain substrates facilitate mechanobiology assays on 2D and 3D cultures. The integration of the system with nanoindenters allows for precise evaluation of cellular mechanical properties under varying substrate deformation modes. The system is used to study the impact of substrate deformation on astrocytes, simulating mechanical conditions akin to traumatic brain injury and ischemic stroke. The results reveal local heterogeneous changes in astrocyte stiffness, influenced by the orientation of subcellular regions relative to substrate strain. These stiffness variations, exceeding 50% in stiffening and softening, and local deformations significantly alter calcium dynamics. Furthermore, sustained deformations induce actin network reorganization and activate Piezo1 channels, leading to an initial increase followed by a long-term inhibition of calcium events. Conversely, fast and dynamic deformations transiently activate Piezo1 channels and disrupt the actin network, causing long-term cell softening. These findings unveil mechanical and functional alterations in astrocytes during substrate deformation, illustrating the multiple opportunities this technology offers.  相似文献   

    

Antonio Francesco Mottese  Clara Naccari  Rossella Vadalà  Giuseppe Daniel Bua  Giovanni Bartolomeo  Rossana Rando  Nicola Cicero  Giacomo Dugo 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2018,98(1):198-204

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Oscar Vega  Luz Marina Carvajal  Faber Rodríguez  María Clara Marín  Cristian Ramírez  Ricardo Simpson  Mónika Valdenegro 《Journal of food process engineering》2018,41(1)

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Paula Anton-Pampols  Clara Diaz-Requena  Laura Martinez-Valenzuela  Francisco Gomez-Preciado  Xavier Fulladosa  Anna Vidal-Alabro  Joan Torras  Núria Lloberas  Juliana Draibe 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(8)

The inflammasome is an immune multiprotein complex that activates pro-caspase 1 in response to inflammation-inducing stimuli and it leads to IL-1β and IL-18 proinflammatory cytokine production. NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasomes are the best characterized and they have been related to several autoimmune diseases. It is well known that the kidney expresses inflammasome genes, which can influence the development of some glomerulonephritis, such as lupus nephritis, ANCA glomerulonephritis, IgA nephropathy and anti-GBM nephropathy. Polymorphisms of these genes have also been described to play a role in autoimmune and kidney diseases. In this review, we describe the main characteristics, activation mechanisms, regulation and functions of the different inflammasomes. Moreover, we discuss the latest findings about the role of the inflammasome in several glomerulonephritis from three different points of view: in vitro, animal and human studies.  相似文献   

    

Clara Ruz  Jos Luis Alcantud  Francisco Vives  Francisco Arrebola  John Hardy  Patrick A. Lewis  Claudia Manzoni  Raquel Duran 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(13)

Mutations in LRRK2 and GBA1 are key contributors to genetic risk of developing Parkinson’s disease (PD). To investigate how LRRK2 kinase activity interacts with GBA and contributes to lysosomal dysfunctions associated with the pathology of PD. The activity of the lysosomal enzyme β-Glucocerebrosidase (GCase) was assessed in a human neuroglioma cell model treated with two selective inhibitors of LRKK2 kinase activity (LRRK2-in-1 and MLi-2) and a GCase irreversible inhibitor, condutirol-beta-epoxide (CBE), under 24 and 72 h experimental conditions. We observed levels of GCase activity comparable to controls in response to 24 and 72 h treatments with LRRK2-in-1 and MLi-2. However, GBA protein levels increased upon 72 h treatment with LRRK2-in-1. Moreover, LC3-II protein levels were increased after both 24 and 72 h treatments with LRRK2-in-1, suggesting an activation of the autophagic pathway. These results highlight a possible regulation of lysosomal function through the LRRK2 kinase domain and suggest an interplay between LRRK2 kinase activity and GBA. Although further investigations are needed, the enhancement of GCase activity might restore the defective protein metabolism seen in PD.  相似文献   

    

Ana Marta Gomes  Daniela Lopes  Clara Almeida  Sofia Santos  Jorge Malheiro  Irina Lousa  Alberto Caldas Afonso  Idalina Beiro 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(13)

Alport syndrome (AS) is the second most common cause of inherited chronic kidney disease. This disorder is caused by genetic variants on COL4A3, COL4A4 and COL4A5 genes. These genes encode the proteins that constitute collagen type IV of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM). The heterodimer COL4A3A4A5 constitutes the majority of the GBM, and it is essential for the normal function of the glomerular filtration barrier (GFB). Alterations in any of collagen type IV constituents cause disruption of the GMB structure, allowing leakage of red blood cells and albumin into the urine, and compromise the architecture of the GFB, inducing inflammation and fibrosis, thus resulting in kidney damage and loss of renal function. The advances in DNA sequencing technologies, such as next-generation sequencing, allow an accurate diagnose of AS. Due to the important risk of the development of progressive kidney disease in AS patients, which can be delayed or possibly prevented by timely initiation of therapy, an early diagnosis of this condition is mandatory. Conventional biomarkers such as albuminuria and serum creatinine increase relatively late in AS. A panel of biomarkers that might detect early renal damage, monitor therapy, and reflect the prognosis would have special interest in clinical practice. The aim of this systematic review is to summarize the biomarkers of renal damage in AS as described in the literature. We found that urinary Podocin and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A are important markers of podocyte injury. Urinary Epidermal Growth Factor has been related to tubular damage, interstitial fibrosis and rapid progression of the disease. Inflammatory markers such as Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1, High Motility Group Box 1 and Urinary Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein- 1 are also increased in AS and indicate a higher risk of kidney disease progression. Studies suggest that miRNA-21 is elevated when renal damage occurs. Novel techniques, such as proteomics and microRNAs, are promising.  相似文献