Amylolytic Susceptibility of Native Groundnut and Ragi Starch Granules as Viewed by Scanning Electron Microscopy

The amylolytic susceptibility, using glucoamylase II from Aspergillus niger and salivary α-amylase, of groundnut and ragi (finger millet) starch granules was investigated. The rate of hydrolysis was followed by estimating the amounts of glucose and maltose released. The degradation patterns were observed using the scanning electron microscope. This revealed that in groundnut starch attack by both the enzymes was uniform and resulted in several types of pitting, whereas ragi starch, although undergoing greater degradation than groundnut starch, showed only a few corrosions that resulted in little change in surface structures.     

Short-term toxicity study of allyl isothiocyanate in rats

Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) was given in doses of 0, 10, 20, or 40 mg/kg (5 days/week) by oral intubation to male rats for up to 6 weeks. The highest dosage level caused a decrease in body weight, thymus weight, blood glucose and serum globulin levels. Haematological examination revealed an increased percentage of neutrophils and a decreased percentage of lymphocytes after treatment for 2 weeks. Increased liver and adrenal weights were found in all test groups. Renal dysfunction was indicated by increased urinary aspartate amino-transferase activity, reduced urine volume and changes in the specific gravity of the urine. Histopathological changes were observed in the kidneys of animals at dosages of 20 and 40 mg/kg and in the livers of animals at the highest dosage level.     

Hierarchical Magnetic Network Constructed by CoFe Nanoparticles Suspended Within “Tubes on Rods” Matrix Toward Enhanced Microwave Absorption

Hierarchical magnetic-dielectric composites are promising functional materials with prospective applications in microwave absorption(MA)field.Herein,a three-dimension hierarchical“nanotubes on microrods,”core–shell magnetic metal–carbon composite is rationally constructed for the first time via a fast metal–organic frameworksbased ligand exchange strategy followed by a carbonization treatment with melamine.Abundant magnetic CoFe nanoparticles are embedded within one-dimensional graphitized carbon/carbon nanotubes supported on micro-scale Mo2N rod(Mo2N@CoFe@C/CNT),constructing a special multi-dimension hierarchical MA material.Ligand exchange reaction is found to determine the formation of hierarchical magnetic-dielectric composite,which is assembled by dielectric Mo2N as core and spatially dispersed CoFe nanoparticles within C/CNTs as shell.Mo2N@CoFe@C/CNT composites exhibit superior MA performance with maximum reflection loss of−53.5 dB at 2 mm thickness and show a broad effective absorption bandwidth of 5.0 GHz.The Mo2N@CoFe@C/CNT composites hold the following advantages:(1)hierarchical core–shell structure offers plentiful of heterojunction interfaces and triggers interfacial polarization,(2)unique electronic migration/hop paths in the graphitized C/CNTs and Mo2N rod facilitate conductive loss,(3)highly dispersed magnetic CoFe nanoparticles within“tubes on rods”matrix build multi-scale magnetic coupling network and reinforce magnetic response capability,confirmed by the off-axis electron holography.     

A Bulk‑Heterostructure Nanocomposite Electrolyte of Ce0.8Sm0.2O2‑δ-SrTiO3 for Low‑Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Since colossal ionic conductivity was detected in the planar heterostructures consisting of fluorite and perovskite,heterostructures have drawn great research interest as potential electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs).However,so far,the practical uses of such promising material have failed to materialize in SOFCs due to the short circuit risk caused by SrTiO3.In this study,a series of fluorite/perovskite heterostructures made of Sm-doped CeO2 and SrTiO3(SDC–STO)are developed in a new bulk-heterostructure form and evaluated as electrolytes.The prepared cells exhibit a peak power density of 892 mW cm−2 along with open circuit voltage of 1.1 V at 550°C for the optimal composition of 4SDC–6STO.Further electrical studies reveal a high ionic conductivity of 0.05–0.14 S cm^−1 at 450–550°C,which shows remarkable enhancement compared to that of simplex SDC.Via AC impedance analysis,it has been shown that the small grain-boundary and electrode polarization resistances play the major roles in resulting in the superior performance.Furthermore,a Schottky junction effect is proposed by considering the work functions and electronic affinities to interpret the avoidance of short circuit in the SDC–STO cell.Our findings thus indicate a new insight to design electrolytes for low-temperature SOFCs.     

不饱和聚酯光敏预聚物的合成

采用熔融缩聚法制备了光敏不饱和聚酯树脂(UPR),对其进行了红外表征,研究了酸值与反应时间的关系及酸醇比等对UPR玻璃化温度(Tg)的影响,讨论了第一阶段反应时间对光敏不饱和聚酯合成反应的影响。得到的优化工艺条件为:酸/醇(摩尔比)=2.0:1.95,己二酸含量为10%(对酸的摩尔分数),制得的树脂Tg为54℃,可满足紫外光固化粉末涂料的要求。     

Synthesis and Tribological Behaviour of 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Schiff Base Derivatives as Multifunctional Lubricant Additives

Six new 1,3,4-thiadiazole Schiff base derivatives were synthesized and characterized by IR spectroscopy and ~1H NMR spectrometry, and their anti-corrosion properties and thermal stability were investigated via thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) and copper strip corrosion test. The tribological behavior of the said Schiff base derivatives was evaluated on an Optimol SRV~?4 oscillating reciprocating friction and wear tester. The worn surfaces of the steel discs were investigated using a scanning electron microscope(SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer(EDS). The test results indicated that these thiadiazole Schiff base derivatives possessed favourable thermal stability, corrosion inhibiting ability and the capability of improving the tribological characteristic of the base oil effectively. It is assumed that the adsorbed additives probably reacted with the steel surfaces during the friction process, resulting in the formation of a protective film composed of sulphates, sulphides and organic nitrogen compounds.     

工程数据库的可视化查询技术

开发三峡工程施工期安全监测数据库管理系统中,针对信息量庞大和信息反馈实时性强的特点, 对可视化查询进行了研究,提出了可视化查询设计设想,并采用了实现可视化查询的关键性技术。     

综合提高中小型水库抗灾能力的思考

中小型水库大多具有灌溉、防洪、养殖等功能,有些还具有供水、发电、航运、旅游等功能,具备两种以上功能的,就可以说是综合利用水利工程。文章认为：综合提高中小型水库的抗灾能力,要在除险加固、灌区配套、行政管理、防洪抗灾、体制改革等方面采取综合措施。     

饱和弹性半空间在低频谐和集中力下的积分形式解

本文采用解耦联合方程组，算子法解回代方程，推导饱和土低频Ｌａｍｅｂ积分形式解，并退化为一般弹性半空间的积分形式解，为饱和土动孔隙水压力和动力响应的计算提供了方法。算例证实本文推导的可靠性，其结论对工程有指导意义。     

用故障树分析法对城市排水管网系统进行可靠性分析

北京作为国际化大都市,其排水管网系统运行安全至关重要。简要介绍了故障树分析法的由来、分析方法及功能,并用这种方法分析北京市排水管网系统的可靠性,对管网可能发生故障的危险进行分析、评估、预测,找出系统的薄弱环节,以期将系统可能发生的损失降低到最小程度并为建立新排水管道的风险指标体系提供科学依据。