图示法推导标准电极电势与平衡常数关系初探

大一新生在进行弱电解质、难溶电解质及配离子所形成的电对的标准电极电势计算时存在畏难心理,且学习效果不理想。针对这些问题,本文探索了使用图示的方法推导这三种电对的标准电极电势与其平衡常数的关系。这一推导方法简单、直观、学生一目了然,容易掌握,并且突出了浓度对电极电势的影响,即能斯特方程的应用氧化还原平衡这一教学重点。实践证明,使用这种方法教学,学生能更好的掌握这些电对标准电极电势的计算,教学效果也有明显提高。     

RB Regulates DNA Double Strand Break Repair Pathway Choice by Mediating CtIP Dependent End Resection

Inactivation of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene (RB1) leads to genome instability, and can be detected in retinoblastoma and other cancers. One damaging effect is causing DNA double strand breaks (DSB), which, however, can be repaired by homologous recombination (HR), classical non-homologous end joining (C-NHEJ), and micro-homology mediated end joining (MMEJ). We aimed to study the mechanistic roles of RB in regulating multiple DSB repair pathways. Here we show that HR and C-NHEJ are decreased, but MMEJ is elevated in RB-depleted cells. After inducing DSB by camptothecin, RB co-localizes with CtIP, which regulates DSB end resection. RB depletion leads to less RPA and native BrdU foci, which implies less end resection. In RB-depleted cells, less CtIP foci, and a lack of phosphorylation on CtIP Thr847, are observed. According to the synthetic lethality principle, based on the altered DSB repair pathway choice, after inducing DSBs by camptothecin, RB depleted cells are more sensitive to co-treatment with camptothecin and MMEJ blocker poly-ADP ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1) inhibitor. We propose a model whereby RB can regulate DSB repair pathway choice by mediating the CtIP dependent DNA end resection. The use of PARP1 inhibitor could potentially improve treatment outcomes for RB-deficient cancers.     

核电气动橡胶隔膜材料热老化机械性能研究

核电气动阀门用三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)和丁腈橡胶(NBR)隔膜材料分别在100℃和150℃下进行不同时间的热老化试验,采用万能试验机、邵氏硬度计、拉伸疲劳试验机、扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱仪对材料拉伸性能、硬度、疲劳性能、微观形貌等进行测试与表征,结果表明:EPDM材料随着老化时间的增加断裂伸长率和断裂强度呈下降趋势,硬度呈缓慢上升趋势。NBR材料在100℃老化下断裂伸长率缓慢下降,断裂强度缓慢增加,硬度缓慢增加;在150℃老化下断裂伸长率和断裂强度急剧下降,硬度呈直线上升趋势。在相同老化时间下,老化温度越高,EPDM和NBR材料的断裂伸长率和断裂强度越小,硬度越大。EPDM和NBR材料的耐疲劳性能随着老化时间和老化温度的增加,均有一定程度的下降,其中NBR材料耐疲劳性能下降较大;红外光谱分析结果表明,随着老化时间的增加,EPDM材料羟基和羰基吸收峰的强度增大,NBR材料吸收峰强度逐渐减小。SEM微观形貌分析显示,EPDM和NBR样品在老化前表面比较平整,随着老化时间增加,样品表面出现较多的堆积物质,老化温度越高,样品表面越粗糙。     

我国MTBE的生产使用现状及趋势分析

对我国MTBE的生产工艺及下游产品进行了详细的分析,重点分析了影响MTBE产品生产使用的各方面因素,从能源方针、车用燃料政策及环保要求等角度对我国MTBE产品的未来发展趋势进行了预测分析。结果显示,2020年以后我国汽油调和用MTBE的生产使用量将逐步降低,但此过程可能会较为平缓。     

High-gravity-assisted green synthesis of rare-earth doped calcium molybdate colloidal nanophosphors

In this work, we report an innovative route for the synthesis of rare-earth doped calcium molybdate (CaMoO₄) nanophosphors by using high gravity rotating packed bed (RPB) technology and paraffin liquid as the solvent. The significant intensified mass transfer and micromixing of reactants in the RPB reactor are benefiting for homogeneous doping of rare-earth ions in the host materials, leading to nanophosphors with high quantum efficiency. The use of liquid paraffin as the solvent eliminates the safety risks associated with volatile organic compounds, increasing the potential for clean production of nanophosphors. Under excitation of deep ultraviolet (DUV) light, the CaMoO₄:Na⁺, Eu³⁺ nanophosphors exhibit red emission at peak wavelength of 615 nm and quantum yield of up to 35.01%. The CaMoO₄:Na⁺,Tb³⁺ nanophosphors exhibit green emission at peak wavelength of 543 nm with quantum yield of up to 30.66%. The morphologies of the nanophosphors are tunable from nanofibers through nanorods to nanodots and the possible mechanism of controlling the formation of different nanostructures is proposed on the basis of experimental results and theoretical analysis of mesoscience. These nanophosphors are highly dispersible in organic solvents and utilized for fabricating fabrication of flexible, freestanding luminescent films based on silicone resin. We also demonstrate the red LEDs consisting of the hybrid films of CaMoO₄:Na⁺,Eu³⁺ nanoparticles as color-converting phosphors and DUV LEDs as illuminators, offering strong potential for future nanophosphors-basedsolid-state lighting systems.     

The Fifth WS/DGAT Enzyme of the Bacterium Marinobacter aquaeolei VT8

Wax esters (WE) belong to the class of neutral lipids. They are formed by an esterification of a fatty alcohol and an activated fatty acid. Dependent on the chain length and desaturation degree of the fatty acid and the fatty alcohol moiety, WE can have diverse physicochemical properties. WE derived from monounsaturated long-chain acyl moieties are of industrial interest due to their very good lubrication properties. Whereas WE were obtained in the past from spermaceti organs of the sperm whale, industrial WE are nowadays mostly produced chemically from fossil fuels. In order to produce WE more sustainably, attempts to produce industrial WE in transgenic plants are steadily increasing. To achieve this, different combinations of WE producing enzymes are expressed in developing Arabidopsis thaliana or Camelina sativa seeds. Here we report the identification and characterization of a fifth wax synthase from the organism Marinobacter aquaeolei VT8, MaWSD5. It belongs to the class of bifunctional wax synthase/acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol O-acyltransferases (WSD). The protein was purified to homogeneity. In vivo and in vitro substrate analyses revealed that MaWSD5 is able to synthesize WE but no triacylglycerols. The protein produces WE from saturated and monounsaturated mid- and long-chain substrates. Arabidopsis thaliana seeds expressing a fatty acid reductase from Marinobacter aquaeolei VT8 and MaWSD5 produce WE. Main WE synthesized are 20:1/18:1 and 20:1/20:1. This makes MaWSD5 a suitable candidate for industrial WE production in planta.     

60Si2Mn钢制弹簧应力松弛行为预测

采用Abaqus针对60Si2Mn钢制弹簧同一应力水平不同温度下的应力松弛结果进行有限元模拟。采用旋转方式建立由弹簧和平板构成的弹簧有限元模型,平板不参与分析。选择切向作用进行接触设置。网格划分结果为:共获得了10 846个C3D8R型弹簧单元,390个R3D4平板单元;应力松弛模拟结果与实验结果吻合较好,随着温度的增加,误差增加;100℃温度下,整个应力松弛过程中模拟结果均以一定松弛速率下降,模拟得到的稳定应力值略低于实验值,误差为3.8%,140℃和180℃下,误差分别为4.9%和16.8%。     

氧化石墨烯杂化分子印迹复合膜制备及性能研究

采用改进的Hummers法,通过冷冻干燥制备了氧化石墨烯(GO)。以辛弗林盐酸盐为模板分子,水溶性的丙烯酰胺为功能单体,离子液体(溴代1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑)为致孔剂,把GO加入聚合液中,制备了GO杂化的分子印迹复合膜(GO-MIM)。利用透射电镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射和红外光谱等方法对GO及GO-MIM进行了表征。通过将分子印迹膜技术与GO相结合,明显提高了分子印迹膜的力学性能。吸附及渗透实验表明,GO-MIM可在纯水溶剂体系,对辛弗林盐酸盐具有很好的选择性吸附能力和优先透过能力,体现了明显的分子印迹效果。