多层厂房仓库的火灾扑救

以某实业公司厂房仓库火灾为例,分析了该类建筑的火灾特点,并从接警调度、战术运用、跨战区增援、器材装备运用、战斗过程和其他相关方面探讨了扑救类似火灾应注意和加强的方面。     

浅谈弹性体改性沥青防水卷材

弹性体改性沥青防水卷材SBS,是一种性能优良、应用广泛的卷材。本文通过大量的力学性能实验和对实验数据的研究分析,得出弹性体改性沥青防水卷材的一些力学性能,并进一步的加深了对它的认识,有利于它的推广应用。     

Shape-selective separation of geraniol and nerol via noncovalent interactionswith β-cyclodextrin

In this paper, selective separation of the isomeric compounds geraniol and nerol, based on the preferential affinity of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) for geraniol was investigated. To demonstrate the potential application of β-CD for separation of geraiol from nerol, the structure of the inclusion complexes was characterized with various physico-chemical techniques. The selective noncovalent binding property of β-CD was confirmed by quantum-chemical calculations. For the mixture, which contains 50 wt% of geraniol and nerol, respectively, 96% of geraniol in complex can be obtained, and the similar separation efficiency was found after use for three times.     

增湿强剂PAEP的制备及性能

采用聚乙烯醇(PVA)对传统湿增强剂聚酰胺多胺环氧氯丙烷(PAE)树脂进行化学改性,制备了一种PAEP湿增强剂。并在抄纸过程中引入PAEP与有机硼复合湿强剂,进一步增加纤维间的交联。采用IR、SEM、Zeta电位仪、TG对其结构、性能进行了表征;探讨了PAEP在纤维中的吸附行为,以及PAE、PAEP、PAEP-有机硼用量对纸张湿强性能的影响。结果表明,随着PAEP加入量由2.5 mg/g增加到30 mg/g,其在纤维中的饱和吸附量从2.33 mg/g增加到8.14 mg/g,吸附效率由93.2%降低到27.1%;与PAE相比,经PAEP、PAEP-有机硼处理后的纸张热降解残渣量分别增多122.67%,269.60%;当PAEP-有机硼中有机硼的质量分数为50%(以PAEP质量计,下同)时,纸张的干、湿抗张指数分别提高22.66%和79.46%,抗张指数保留率增加46.35%。在相同质量下,与阳离子聚丙烯酰胺和阳离子淀粉相比,PAEP-有机硼复合湿强剂亦具有较佳的增强效果。     

Teflon AF2400/Ultem composite hollow fiber membranes for alcohol dehydration by high‐temperature vapor permeation

High‐temperature vapor permeation has a stringent requirement of membrane stability under harsh feed environments. This work reports the design of Teflon AF2400/Ultem composite hollow fiber (HF) membranes for alcohol dehydration via vapor permeation. Fabrication parameters such as Teflon concentration and coating time were systematically investigated. Interestingly, the fabricated composite HF membranes possess an unusual surface with honeycomb‐like microstructure patterns. Owing to the Teflon protective layer, the newly developed composite HF shows a promising and stable separation performance with a flux of 4265 gm^?2 h^?1 and a separation factor of 383 for 95% isopropanol dehydration at 125°C. The composite HF also performs well under extreme vapor feed compositions from 87 to 99 wt % isopropanol. In addition, it exhibits impressive separation performance for the dehydration of ethanol and n‐butanol. This work may provide useful insights of designing thermal‐stable and high‐performance composite polymeric membranes for vapor permeation. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 1747–1757, 2016     

Combined Urea Complexation and Argentated Silica Gel Column Chromatography for Concentration and Separation of PUFAs from Tuna Oil: Based on Improved DPA Level

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n‐3), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) isomers (22:5n‐6 and 22:5n‐3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n‐3) derived from tuna oil were concentrated by three stages of urea fractionation at various crystallization temperatures and different fatty acid/urea ratios. Thereafter, polyunsaturated fatty acids concentrate containing comparatively enriched DPA levels was purified by argentated silica gel column chromatography. A product containing 22.2 ± 0.6 % EPA, 4.6 ± 0.0 % DPAn‐6, 5.9 ± 0.1 % DPAn‐3 and 42.3 ± 1.2 % DHA was obtained at 1:1.6 fatty acid/urea ratio (w/w) by crystallization at ?8 °C for 16 h, ?20 °C for 8 h, and ?8 °C for 16 h. A DPA isomer concentrate containing 26.1 ± 0.5 % DPAn‐6 and 22.3 ± 0.4 % DPAn‐3 was achieved by argentated silica gel chromatography in the 6 % acetone/n‐hexane solvent fraction (v/v), and the recovery of both fatty acids was 66.1 ± 3.2 and 70.7 ± 2.2 %, respectively. Furthermore, 91.9 ± 2.5 % EPA and 99.5 ± 2.1 % DHA with recoveries of 47.8 ± 2.0 and 56.7 ± 3.3 %, respectively, were obtained in various fractions.     

枸杞发酵液的抗衰老活性和皮肤安全性研究

采用枸杞为原料,德氏乳杆菌为菌种进行发酵获得枸杞发酵液。对枸杞发酵液的生理生化性质与成分进行检测,通过自由基清除实验与成纤维细胞增殖实验对枸杞发酵液的抗衰老活性进行检测,利用人体斑贴实验对枸杞发酵液的安全性进行评估。实验结果表明,枸杞发酵液为黏稠弱酸性液体,主要成分是多糖,具有较强的清除DPPH自由基和羟自由基的能力,在一定体积分数内可促进成纤维细胞增殖。     

Hydrogenated rosin ester latexes/waterborne polyacrylate blends for pressure‐sensitive adhesives

Diethylene glycol ester of hydrogenated rosin (DGE‐HR) emulsion was prepared via phase inversion method and then blended with waterborne (wb) polyacrylate for pressure‐sensitive adhesives (PSAs). The preparation conditions of DGE‐HR emulsion were studied. DGE‐HR emulsion with an average particle size of about 220 nm was obtained. Furthermore, the thermal, adhesive, and viscoelastic properties and the morphology of DGE‐HR/polyacrylate composite were investigated. Thermal analysis indicated that glass transition temperatures (T_g) of the DGE‐HR/polyacrylate blends became higher as the DGE‐HR content increased and DGE‐HR did not have a significant influence on thermal stability of the blend films. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) observation revealed that the DGE‐HR particles added had a good miscibility with acrylic particles. Additionally, for these tackified acrylic PSAs, positive correlations between mechanical performance and viscoelastic response at bonding and debonding frequencies were also found. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 42965.     

High‐performance polymer‐supported extractants with phosphonate ligands for scandium(III) separation

As the market demand for scandium has grown, a great deal of interest has been generated in its recovery. To substantially simplify the process and provide a green alternative for scandium separation, novel polymer‐supported extractants containing di(2‐ethylhexyl) phosphonate and bis(2,4,4‐trimethylpentyl) phosphonate, [D201][DEHP] and [D201][C272] are proposed because they demonstrate improved adsorption capacity and selectivity toward scandium(III). Scandium(III) adsorption is significantly affected by the solution pH, with the maximum adsorption occurring at a pH of approximately 0.78. The batch adsorption data fit well with the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo‐second‐order kinetic models. A combination of the Fourier transform infrared and XPS spectra suggest that the complexation of oxygen atoms in phosphate groups with scandium(III) is the predominant adsorption mechanism. Additionally, the two resins were used to recover scandium from leaching liquor of nickel laterite ore. [D201][DEHP] exhibits unusual selectivity for scandium and low competitive behavior with other metals, thus increasing its market potential. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 2479–2489, 2016     

Improving the dyeability of polyimide by pretreatment with alkali

Polyimide fabric, as a high‐performance fabric, possesses advantageous properties, such as outstanding thermal stability and chemical resistance, but has poor dyeability. In this paper, polyimide fabric was dyed successfully with disperse dyes by high‐temperature and high‐pressure dyeing in the presence of a swelling agent and auxiliaries. Under optimal dyeing conditions, it is pretreated with NaOH 6 g l^?1 and dyed with disperse dyes 5% o.w.f., NaCl 1 m , benzyl alcohol 60 ml l^?1 at 135 °C for 45 min to obtain a satisfactory colour yield with good washing fastness and dry rubbing fastness with 93.3% strength retention. The experimental results demonstrate that the Nernst adsorption isotherm is a favourable model for polyimide fabric dyeing with disperse dyes.