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971.
单壁碳纳米管的制备及生长特性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用Fe/MgO作为催化剂 ,催化裂解CH4制备了较纯的单壁碳纳米管 ,用TEM和Raman对碳纳米管进行了表征 ,对不同生长温度下制备的碳纳米管Raman径向呼吸振动峰 (RBM)进行了分析 ,研究了生长温度对单壁碳纳米管生长特性和结构特性的影响 相似文献
972.
Titanium oxides were reduced to metallic titanium using the liquid calcium floating on the molten CaCl2. A part of Ca dissolved into CaCl2 and reacted with TiO2 settled below CaCl2. The by-product CaO also dissolved by about 20 mol pct into CaCl2, which was effective in reducing the oxygen concentration in the obtained Ti particles. The compositional region in the Ca-CaCl2-CaO system was examined for the less oxygen contamination in Ti and the better handling in leaching. A large amount of the
residual calcium oxidized the titanium powder in leaching. The metallic Ti powder less than 1000 mass ppm oxygen could be
obtained only for 3.6 ks using 5 to 7 mol pct Ca-CaCl2 at 1173 K. The powder was slightly sintered like sponge, and contained approximately 1500 ppm Ca. The anatase phae, the intermediate
product in the refining process of TiO2, could be also supplied as raw material as well as rutile. 相似文献
973.
The corrosion behaviour of nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel in methanol containing different concentrations
of H2SO4, HCl, LiCl and H2SO4 + HCl has been investigated using a potentiostatic polarization method. The cathodic reaction in the H2SO4, HCl and H2SO4 + HCl solutions was proton reduction whereas in the neutral LiCl solution, oxygen reduction was the predominant cathodic
reaction. Active, passive and transpassive behaviours were observed only for higher concentrations of H2SO4 (0.01–2.0 M) due to the inherent water content. A cathodic loop, characterized by measured negative current in the anodic
region, was also observed in solutions, in which the concentration of H2SO4 was 1.0 M or higher. The relative stability of the passive films decreased as the H2SO4 concentration increased, and thus the steel suffered from mild pitting corrosion. In the chloride environment, the rate of
corrosion increased as the Cl− ion concentration increased. The presence of acid along with Cl− ions enhanced corrosion, and the corrosion rate increased significantly. The steel suffered from mild intergranular corrosion
in acidic chloride solutions of methanol. In the H2SO4 + HCl solutions, passive films were only formed when the H2SO4 to HCl concentration ratio was greater than ∼10:1. 相似文献
974.
X. X. Xi X. H. Zeng A. V. Pogrebnyakov A. Soukiassian S. Y. Xu Y. F. Hu E. Wertz Q. Li Y. Zhong C. O. Brubaker Z.-K. Liu E. M. Lysczek J. M. Redwing J. Lettieri D. G. Schlom W. Tian H. P. Sun X. Q. Pan 《Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism》2003,16(5):801-806
The recently discovered superconductor MgB2 with T c at 39 K has great potential in superconducting electronics. In this paper, we review the deposition techniques used for MgB2 thin films in the light of a thermodynamic study of the Mg-B system with the calculation of phase diagrams (CALPHAD) modeling technique. This thermodynamic study identifies a growth window in the pressure–temperature phase diagram, in which the magnesium pressure is very high for likely in situ growth temperatures. A Hybrid Physical–Chemical Vapor Deposition (HPCVD) technique that successfully achieves such a high Mg pressure is shown to produce in situ epitaxial MgB2 thin films with bulk superconducting properties. 相似文献
975.
There are numerous physiological effects of spinal anaesthesia. This chapter focuses on the physiological effects that are of clinical relevance to the anaesthesiologist, and provides suggestions for successful management of this simple and popular technique. The mechanisms and clinical significance of spinal-anaesthesia-induced hypotension, bradycardia and cardiac arrest are reviewed. The increasing popularity of ambulatory spinal anaesthesia requires knowledge that long-acting local anaesthetics, such as bupivacaine, impair the ability to void far longer than short-acting local anaesthetics, such as lidocaine. The importance of thermoregulation during spinal anaesthesia, and the clinical consequences of spinal-anaesthesia-induced hypothermia are reviewed. Effects of spinal anaesthesia on ventilatory mechanics are also highlighted. Lastly, the sedative and minimum-alveolar-concentration-sparing effects of spinal anaesthesia are discussed to reinforce the need for the judicious use of sedation in the perioperative setting. 相似文献
976.
977.
为了支持渐进的和探索武的维修性设计与分析过程,必须进行有效的版本管理。本文研究了维修性CAD框架中版本管理的设计方案以及实现过程。 相似文献
978.
In this study, nanocrystalline Ni powders and thermally sprayed coatings, containing ultrafine AlN particles, were synthesized
and characterized. The results indicated that the presence of AlN particles in the powders drastically decreased the dimension
of agglomerates formed by cryomilling and increased the surface roughness of the agglomerates. The AlN phase was broken down
into ultrafine particles of approximately 30 nm in size. These particles were dispersed in the Ni matrix and enhanced the
development of a nanocrystalline structure in the Ni matrix during cryomilling. Selected-area diffraction patterns, obtained
from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray mapping with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confirmed the presence
of AlN particles in the coatings. The presence of AlN particles also led to an increase in the amount of NiO phase that was
distributed in the coating, in the form of ultrafine, round particles. AlN particles increased the microhardness of the Ni
coating by approximately 60 pct. Indentation-fracture results also indicated that the fine, dispersed AlN particles raised
the apparent toughness of the Ni coating. The synthesized Ni coatings containing ultrafine AlN particles were characterized
as equiaxed nanocrystalline grains with an average size of 24 nm, in which twins were observed. The increase in microhardness
resulted from both grain refinement and the presence of ultrafine particles. The latter played the primary role in strengthening. 相似文献
979.
The distinct advantages of the electromagnetic casting (EMC) process consist in the presence of stirring motions in the melt,
which lead to significant grain size reduction in solidified ingot. Furthermore, surface and subsurface qualities are improved
due to the absence of ingot mold. However, it is impossible to achieve the aforementioned advantages in conventional direct
chill casting (DCC). In order to contrast the before and after heat treatments of the microstructural and mechanical characteristics
of EMC and DCC 2024 aluminium alloys, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM),
X-ray diffractions (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), etc. were carried out. Compared with the DCC ingot, the EMC ingot has better mechanical properties not only in the ascast condition
but also in the as-aged condition. The DSC curves show that the EMC specimens have high enthalpy, i.e., the thermal kinetic
energy to form precipitates during the aging treatment process. Despite heat treatments applied to the DCC ingot, it fails
to attain the same mechanical properties as the EMC ingot. Moreover, considering the expernsive scalping operation for DCC
ingots, the EMC technique, which offers a lower manufacturing cost, is one of the best manufacturing methods used in obtaining
the ingots of wrought aluminum alloys. 相似文献
980.
五段制剖面定向井施工难度较大,主要介绍了田5—斜19井的井眼轨迹控制、相关安全钻井及钻井液技术,并对施工中发生的复杂情况进行了分析,总结了一些经验,对五段制剖面类型定向井施工具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献