中国轧钢技术的发展现状和展望

改革开放以来,中国钢铁轧制技术取得了长足的进步。通过消化引进技术、自主集成和自主创新,中国已经跻身于轧制技术发达国家之列。针对主要的钢材品种,即热轧带钢、中厚板、冷轧带钢、长材、管材等,分别从工艺、装备、产品等几方面总结了中国钢铁轧制技术的总体发展情况和取得的有创新性的进展。同时指出,今后中国轧钢工作者要进一步加强的技术改造,突破制约钢铁轧制技术发展的关键和共性技术,大力开发节能减排、创新性和前沿性新技术、新装备,实现钢铁材料的减量化、节约型制造,推动钢铁工业的可持续发展。     

Modeling of Microstructure Evolution in 22MnB5 Steel during Hot Stamping简

Automobile manufacturers have been inereasingl~r adopting hot-stamped parts for use in newly designed ve- hicles to improve crash worthiness and fuel efficiency. However, the simulation of hot stamping is rather complex and challenging, and further research still needs to be done on hot stamping hardening mechanism. The microstruc- ture evolution and hardening mechanisms during hot stamping of 22MnB5 steel were thoroughly investigated, using information provided in the literatures as well as experimental results. New models were developed to predict the grain growth during heating and the flow stress of a manganese boron steel （22MnB5） with high hardenability by the Gleeble simulation experimental results. The deformed austenite decomposition during stamping and quenching was emphatically quantified based on the transformation thermodynamic and kinetic theories, and the relationship of mi- crostructure to properties was analyzed. The results showed that the optimal process to obtain homogeneous and small lath martensite is heating at 900--950 ℃ for 5 min and then auenching at 50 ℃/s with a Dressing time about 8 s.     

薄板坯连铸连轧技术的新发展

分析了半无头轧制、超薄规格热带生产、铁素体加工、薄板坯连铸连轧品种开发等各种新技术的特点，优势，技术难点，同时对于不同设备的配置优缺点和使用的范围进行了简要的探讨，薄板坯连铸连轧技术可以划分为两大类，适合超薄规格的生产线和适合多品种生产线，通过这些分析力图对国内企业在新生产线建设方面提供一些帮助。     

WC-Co硬质合金疲劳断裂机制研究

疲劳和断裂是硬质合金失效的主要原因之一.主要对WC-Co硬质合金的高周疲劳性能和裂纹扩展行为进行了较为系统的研究.结果表明,WC-Co硬质合金材料表现出明显的疲劳效应,即应力水平的降低伴随着疲劳寿命的上升.在高应力区域,合金的疲劳寿命与强度有关;合金的强度越高,其疲劳寿命越长.随着应力幅值的降低,这种强度与疲劳寿命的联系越来越不明显,特别是进入高周疲劳区域后,高粘结剂含量的合金反而表现出更高的疲劳抗性.疲劳裂纹主要沿晶界和在粘结相中扩展;材料在承受疲劳载荷后,粘结相与WC硬质颗粒之间发生了剥离,这种脱粘造成WC颗粒之间相互错动形成孔隙和微裂纹,这些孔隙和微裂纹相互连接加速了裂纹的扩展并最终导致材料的断裂.粘结相在疲劳过程中产生了大量堆垛层错并发生相变,同时有析出物产生.     

硫代硫酸盐提金理论研究：金的阳极溶解

本文研究了金在硫代硫酸盐溶液中的阳极溶解行为,结果表明,在氨性硫代硫酸盐溶液中金的阳极溶解机理为NH_3优先扩散至金粒表面与金离子络合,生成的金氨络离子进入溶液后被S_2O_3~(2-)取代,形成更稳定的金硫代硫酸根络离子。试验研究及理论分析证实和支持了这一机理。     

大塑性变形制备超细晶生物医用钛合金的研究进展

生物医用钛合金具有高强度、良好的耐蚀性能、较低的弹性模量、优异的生物相容性,已成为具有广阔应用前景的医用金属材料之一.与传统医用钛合金相比,超细晶医用钛合金具有更高的强度与更好的疲劳性能以及耐腐蚀性能.此外,超细晶钛合金可诱导骨组织向内生长,增加界面结合强度,加快骨修复进程,在硬组织修复材料领域具有广阔的应用前景.阐述了各种大塑性变形（Severe Plastic Deformation）法制备超细晶生物医用钛合金的研究状况与最新进展,指出了SPD法制备医用钛合金中存在的技术问题和发展方向,并展望了利用SPD法对生物医用钛合金改性将成为生物医用材料的研究热点.     

Interactions of EGF, Wnt and HOM-C genes specify the P12 neuroectoblast fate in C. elegans

We investigate how temporal and spatial interactions between multiple intercellular and intracellular factors specify the fate of a single cell in Caenorhabditis elegans. P12, which is a ventral cord neuroectoblast, divides postembryonically to generate neurons and a unique epidermal cell. Three classes of proteins are involved in the specification of P12 fate: the LIN-3/LET-23 epidermal growth factor signaling pathway, a Wnt protein LIN-44 and its candidate receptor LIN-17, and a homeotic gene product EGL-5. We show that LIN-3 is an inductive signal sufficient to promote the P12 fate, and the conserved EGF signaling pathway is utilized for P12 fate specification; egl-5 is a downstream target of the lin-3/let-23 pathway in specifying P12 fate; and LIN-44 and LIN-17 act synergistically with lin-3 in the specification of the P12 fate. The Wnt pathway may function early in development to regulate the competence of the cells to respond to the LIN-3 inductive signal.     

Low Cycle Fatigue Behavior and Deformation Mecha-nism of TWIP Steel

Low cycle fatigue behavior of TWIP （twinning induced plasticity） steel was investigated in axial symmetric tension-compression cyclic loading pattern. Fracture surfaces and microstructures were examined by optical, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopes. It was found that the fatigue life at the strain amplitude of 0.4 % is up to 15 000 cycles, which is much longer than TRIP780 and HSLAS00 steels. The strain hardening and softening features are significant until the strain amplitude comes to 1.25 ~. Persistent slip bands and tiny mechanical twinning layers were observed after fatigue deformation. Deformation mechanism of TWIP steel at low cycle fatigue process is not only twinning, but a complex of both twinning and persistent slip bands.     

Effect of HD Process on Microstructure and Hard Magnetic Properties of NdFeAlB Magnet

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稀土精矿中钍的提取工艺研究进展

核能开发是我国能源战略和经济发展的重要举措,发展核能离不开核燃料。钍是一种重要的核燃料,在核能开发方面具有广阔的应用前景,能有效解决我国能源紧缺等问题。钍极少以独立矿物赋存,大多与稀土矿物共生。主要对近年来稀土精矿中钍的提取工艺研究进展进行了综述,并对稀土精矿中稀土和钍的综合利用发展提出了相关建议。