Podocyte-Related Mechanisms Underlying Survival Benefit of Long-Term Angiotensin Receptor Blocker

We previously found that short-term treatment (week 8 to 12 after injury) with high-dose angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) induced the regression of existing glomerulosclerosis in 5/6 nephrectomy rats. We therefore assessed the effects of long-term intervention with ARB vs. nonspecific antihypertensives in this study. Adult rats underwent 5/6 nephrectomy and renal biopsy 8 weeks later. The rats were then divided into three groups with equivalent renal function and glomerular sclerosis and treated with high-dose losartan (ARB), nonspecific antihypertensive triple-therapy (TRX), or left untreated (Control) until week 30. We found that blood pressure, serum creatinine levels, and glomerulosclerosis were lower at sacrifice in ARB and TRX vs. Control. Only ARB reduced proteinuria and maintained the density of WT-1-positive podocytes. Glomerular tufts showed more double-positive cells for CD44, a marker of activated parietal epithelial cells, and synaptopodin after ARB vs. TRX or Control. ARB treatment reduced aldosterone levels. ARB-treated rats had significantly improved survival when compared with TRX or Control. We conclude that both long-term ARB and triple-therapy ameliorate progression, but do not sustain the regression of glomerulosclerosis. ARB resulted in the superior preservation of podocyte integrity and decreased proteinuria and aldosterone, linked to increased survival in the uremic environment.     

cPCN-Regulated SnO2 Composites Enables Perovskite Solar Cell with Efficiency Beyond 23％

Efficient electron transport layers(ETLs)not only play a crucial role in promoting carrier separation and electron extraction in perovskite solar cells(PSCs)but...     

Integrated Analysis of Microarray,Small RNA,and Degradome Datasets Uncovers the Role of MicroRNAs in Temperature-Sensitive Genic Male Sterility in Wheat

Temperature-sensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) line Beijing Sterility 366 (BS366) has been utilized in hybrid breeding for a long time, but the molecular mechanism underlying male sterility remains unclear. Expression arrays, small RNA, and degradome sequencing were used in this study to explore the potential role of miRNA in the cold-induced male sterility of BS366. Microspore observation showed defective cell plates in dyads and tetrads and shrunken microspores at the vacuolated stage. Differential regulation of Golgi vesicle transport, phragmoplast formation, sporopollenin biosynthesis, pollen exine formation, and lipid metabolism were observed between cold and control conditions. Pollen development was significantly represented in the 352 antagonistic miRNA-target pairs in the integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA profiles. The specific cleavage of ARF17 and TIR1 by miR160 and miR393 were found in the cold-treated BS366 degradome, respectively. Thus, the cold-mediated miRNAs impaired cell plate formation through repression of Golgi vesicle transport and phragmoplast formation. The repressed expression of ARF17 and TIR1 impaired pollen exine formation. The results of this study will contribute to our understanding of the roles of miRNAs in male sterility in wheat.     

曝气生物滤池去除受污染饮用水源水中的氨氮

采用曝气生物滤池(BAF)对受污染水源水进行了除氨氮效果研究,结果表明,当原水氨氮质量浓度在0.240～1.407 mg/L范围内时,氨氮平均去除率为83%,进水氨氮的质量浓度人工增加至O.717～12.455 mg/L时,氨氮平均去除率为88%,具有较好的氨氮去除效率和抗冲击负荷能力;同时探讨了进水氨氮容积负荷对氨氮去除效果的影响.     

Molecular Identification of the G-Protein Genes and Their Expression Profiles in Response to Nitrogen Deprivation in Brassica napus

Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein) consisting of Gα, Gβ, and Gγ subunits is one of the key signal transducers in plants. Recent studies indicated that G-protein has been proposed as an important mediator of nitrogen responses in rice, wheat, and Arabidopsis. However, little is known about these G-proteins in Brassica napus (B. napus), except for three identified G-proteins, BnGA1, BnGB1, and BnGG2. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to characterize the members of the G-protein gene family in allotetraploid B. napus and to analyze their expression profiles in response to nitrogen deprivation. In total, 21 G-protein family members were identified in B. napus, encoding two Gα, six Gβ, and 13 Gγ. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses showed that although genome-wide triploid events increased the number of genes encoding Gα, Gβ, and Gγ subunits, the gene structure and protein properties of the genes encoding each G-protein subunit were extremely conserved. Collinearity analysis showed that most G-protein genes in B. napus had syntenic relationships with G-protein members of Arabidopsis, Brassica rape (B. rapa), and Brassica oleracea (B. oleracea). Expression profile analysis indicated that Gα and C-type Gγ genes (except BnGG10 and BnGG12 were highly expressed in flower and ovule) were barely expressed in most organs, whereas most Gβ and A-type Gγ genes tended to be highly expressed in most organs. G-protein genes also showed various expression patterns in response to nitrogen-deficient conditions. Under nitrogen deficiency, Gα and five C-type Gγ genes were upregulated initially in roots, while in leaves, Gα was downregulated initially and five C-type Gγ genes were highly expressed in different times. These results provide a complex genetic dissection of G-protein genes in B. napus, and insight into the biological functions of G-protein genes in response to nitrogen deficiency.     

MEMS微型双稳态电磁继电器的设计

本文利用通电平面螺旋线圈产生磁场特点,采用镜像绕制以及并联连接双线圈的方法,研制了一种快速低功耗MEMS微型双稳态继电器结构,其尺寸约为3mm*4.5mm*1.5mm,文中着重分析其工作原理和过程.经过分析,该继电器在通电电流80～120mA时,开关时间约在0.1ms～0.2ms之间,因此,其具有体积小、开关速度快、低功耗等优点,并且易于集成和阵列,适用于能源有限并且可靠性要求高的微型航天器以及便携设备中.     

某型柴油机增压系统概述

增压技术能提高柴油机功率和改善经济性能,某型柴油机增压技术非常先进,是该公司核心技术之一。本文分析了其增压系统的特点,并介绍了增压器的特殊功能和先进结构。     

有横缝高拱坝的动力接触模型及其数值解

本文提出了地震作用下有横缝高拱坝的动接触模型，并对这一强非线性模型进行数值计算。该动态接触模型是基于有伸缩横缝拱坝在地震作用下其响应所呈现的非线性摩擦接触特性，应用接触力学分析方法建立的，能够充分地反映高拱坝横缝的张开 闭合 摩擦力学过程的分析模型。结果表明，采用本模型的计算效率较高、收敛性有保证，结果合理、可靠。     

油水两相非达西试井分析新进展及其展望

简述了低渗透油藏、油水两相低渗透油藏非达西试井分析研究的新进展。提出对低渗透油藏应建立公认的非达西渗流数学模型,准则数、数值试井模型及分析方法,指出低渗透油藏是否存在非达西渗流,除加强渗流特征的影响因素、渗流形成机理的研究之外,还要从实验上能够模拟代表真实的现场条件的体现度。     

4H-SiC肖特基微型同位素电池(英文)

半导体同位素电池由于其寿命长、集成性优良、环境适应性强等特点成为解决MEMS能源问题的理想手段。利用4H-SiC材料的宽禁带特性,制造了4H-SiC肖特基同位素电池。对电池的耗尽层厚度以及掺杂浓度进行了优化设计,对肖特基金属进行了选择。使用4mCi/cm2的63Ni作为同位素电池的放射源对制造的同位素电池进行了测试。测试结果表明,该同位素电池可以获得31.3nW/cm2的功率密度、0.5V的开路电压、3.13×10-8A/cm2的短路电流密度和1.3%的转换效率。将电池的输出特性和硅基的平板型、3D结构电池输出特性进行了比较,证明4H-SiC肖特基同位素电池能够获得较高的功率密度。电池的性能可通过提升势垒高度、提高工艺质量、更换同位素等方式得到提高。