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91.
Erik Lidin Mattias K. Skld Maria Angria Johan Davidsson Mrten Risling 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(2)
Hippocampal dysfunction contributes to multiple traumatic brain injury sequala. Female rodents’ outcome is superior to male which has been ascribed the neuroprotective sex hormones 17β-estradiol and progesterone. Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) is an oxidative enzyme influencing the neuroinflammatory response by creating inflammatory mediators and metabolizing neuroprotective 17β-estradiol and progesterone. In this study, we aimed to describe hippocampal CYP1B1 mRNA expression, protein presence of CYP1B1 and its key redox partner Cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) in both sexes, as well as the effect of penetrating traumatic brain injury (pTBI). A total 64 adult Sprague Dawley rats divided by sex received pTBI or sham-surgery and were assigned survival times of 1-, 3-, 5- or 7 days. CYP1B1 mRNA was quantified using in-situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry performed to verify protein colocalization. CYP1B1 mRNA expression was present in all subregions but greatest in CA2 irrespective of sex, survival time or intervention. At 3-, 5- and 7 days post-injury, expression in CA2 was reduced in male rats subjected to pTBI compared to sham-surgery. Females subjected to pTBI instead exhibited increased expression in all CA subregions 3 days post-injury, the only time point expression in CA2 was greater in females than in males. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed neuronal CYP1B1 protein in all hippocampal subregions, while CPR was limited to CA1 and CA2. CYP1B1 mRNA is constitutively expressed in both sexes. In response to pTBI, females displayed a more urgent but brief regulatory response than males. This indicates there may be sex-dependent differences in CYP1B1 activity, possibly influencing inflammation and neuroprotection in pTBI. 相似文献
92.
93.
Hanne Boskov Hansen Claus V Rasmussen Knud Erik Bach Knudsen se Hansen 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2003,83(1):76-85
The aim of this study was to measure the variation in dietary fibre (DF) content and composition among different rye varieties grown in the same location in three successive years and to estimate the contributions of genotype and harvest year to this variation. The study included grain from 19 different varieties of rye, of which seven varieties were analysed in all three years. The content of total DF in all samples ranged from 147 to 209 g kg?1 dry matter (dm), with 34–66 g kg?1 being water‐extractable (WE) DF and 108–159 g kg?1 being water‐unextractable (WUE) DF. The main DF component was arabinoxylan (AX) with a content of 80–121 g kg?1 dm, of which 26–41 g kg?1 dm was WE AX. The ratio of arabinose to xylose (ara/xyl) of total AX ranged from 0.59 to 0.69. The content of β‐glucan was 13–22 g kg?1 dm and that of fructan was 45–64 g kg?1 dm. Analysis of the data from seven varieties and three harvest years showed a highly significant influence of harvest year on most DF components. Significant genotype effects were found for the contents of total DF, total AX, β‐glucan and fructan and for the ara/xyl ratio of total and WUE AX. Estimation of variance components showed that yearly variations in the contents of total DF, total AX, WUE DF, WUE AX and β‐glucan were generally higher (27–55% of total variance) than genotype effects (14–19%). The ara/xyl ratio of total and WUE AX showed a high influence of genotype (46 and 43% respectively). Non‐adapted rye varieties with small kernel size had the highest contents of total DF and total AX. The content of β‐glucan was positively correlated with kernel weight (r = 0.68), whereas no overall correlation was found between kernel size and the content of DF. As a conclusion, the variation in DF content and composition in this study was significantly influenced by both harvest year and rye genotype. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
94.
A recent frequency estimation method was proposed in a Measurement paper for use in portable DSP based instrumentation. This method is especially important due to its low computational effort making it suitable for fast and low cost instrumentation. It has been found that many parameters can affect the frequency estimation using the proposed method. In this paper, the performance of the method in the presence of additive noise is evaluated, and the influence of signal frequency, initial phase, additive noise and number of analog-to-digital converter bits on the estimator is studied. Some caveats of the practical use of the method are addressed. Detailed numerical simulations based on a Monte Carlo procedure are presented in order to highlight the range of applicability of the method and determine the estimation bias. 相似文献
95.
Application of bacteria involved in the biological sulfur cycle for paper mill effluent purification 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Albert J.H. Janssen Piet N.L. Lens Caroline M. Plugge Gerard Muyzer Erik Van Zessen Cees J.N. Buisman 《The Science of the total environment》2009,407(4):1333-1343
In anaerobic wastewater treatment, the occurrence of biological sulfate reduction results in the formation of unwanted hydrogen sulfide, which is odorous, corrosive and toxic. In this paper, the role and application of bacteria in anaerobic and aerobic sulfur transformations are described and exemplified for the treatment of a paper mill wastewater. The sulfate containing wastewater first passes an anaerobic UASB reactor for bulk COD removal which is accompanied by the formation of biogas and hydrogen sulfide. In an aeration pond, the residual CODorganic and the formed dissolved hydrogen sulfide are removed. The biogas, consisting of CH4 (80-90 vol.%), CO2 (10-20 vol.%) and H2S (0.8-1.2 vol.%), is desulfurised prior to its combustion in a power generator thereby using a new biological process for H2S removal. This process will be described in more detail in this paper. Biomass from the anaerobic bioreactor has a compact granular structure and contains a diverse microbial community. Therefore, other anaerobic bioreactors throughout the world are inoculated with biomass from this UASB reactor. The sludge was also successfully used in investigation on sulfate reduction with carbon monoxide as the electron donor and the conversion of methanethiol. This shows the biotechnological potential of this complex reactor biomass. 相似文献
96.
The Falling Lake Victoria Water Level: GRACE,TRIMM and CHAMP Satellite Analysis of the Lake Basin 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Joseph L. Awange Mohammad A. Sharifi Godfrey Ogonda Jens Wickert Erik W. Grafarend Monica A. Omulo 《Water Resources Management》2008,22(7):775-796
In the last 5 years, Lake Victoria water level has seen a dramatic fall that has caused alarm to water resource managers.
Since the lake basin contributes about 20% of the lakes water in form of discharge, with 80% coming from direct rainfall,
this study undertook a satellite analysis of the entire lake basin in an attempt to establish the cause of the decline. Gravity
Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE), Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload
(CHAMP) satellites were employed in the analysis. Using 45 months of data spanning a period of 4 years (2002–2006), GRACE
satellite data are used to analyse the variation of the geoid (equipotential surface approximating the mean sea level) triggered
by variation in the stored waters within the lake basin. TRMM Level 3 monthly data for the same period of time are used to
compute mean rainfall for a spatial coverage of .25°×.25° (25×25 km) and the rainfall trend over the same period analyzed.
To assess the effect of evaporation, 59 CHAMP satellite’s occultation for the period 2001 to 2006 are analyzed for tropopause
warming. GRACE results indicate an annual fall in the geoid by 1.574 mm/year during the study period 2002–2006. This fall
clearly demonstrates the basin losing water over these period. TRMM results on the other hand indicate the rainfall over the
basin (and directly over the lake) to have been stable during this period. The CHAMP satellite results indicate the tropopause
temperature to have fallen in 2002 by about 3.9 K and increased by 2.2 K in 2003 and remained above the 189.5 K value of 2002.
The tropopause heights have shown a steady increase from a height of 16.72 m in 2001 and has remained above this value reaching
a maximum of 17.59 km in 2005, an increase in height by 0.87 m. Though the basin discharge contributes only 20%, its decline
has contributed to the fall in the lake waters. Since rainfall over the period remained stable, and temperatures did not increase
drastically to cause massive evaporation, the remaining major contributor is the discharge from the expanded Owen Falls dam. 相似文献
97.
Markta Kadle
kov Kateina Skopalov Barbora Ptokov Erik Wrzecionko Elika Daov Karolína Kocourkov Ale Mr
ek Lenka Musilov Petr Smolka Petr Humpolí
ek Antonín Minaík 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(5)
The pseudo 3D hierarchical structure mimicking in vivo microenvironment was prepared by phase separation on tissue culture plastic. For surface treatment, time-sequenced dosing of the solvent mixture with various concentrations of polymer component was used. The experiments showed that hierarchically structured surfaces with macro, meso and micro pores can be prepared with multi-step phase separation processes. Changes in polystyrene surface topography were characterized by atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and contact profilometry. The cell proliferation and changes in cell morphology were tested on the prepared structured surfaces. Four types of cell lines were used for the determination of impact of the 3D architecture on the cell behavior, namely the mouse embryonic fibroblast, human lung carcinoma, primary human keratinocyte and mouse embryonic stem cells. The increase of proliferation of embryonic stem cells and mouse fibroblasts was the most remarkable. Moreover, the embryonic stem cells express different morphology when cultured on the structured surface. The acquired findings expand the current state of knowledge in the field of cell behavior on structured surfaces and bring new technological procedures leading to their preparation without the use of problematic temporary templates or additives. 相似文献
98.
Tingting Gu Jesper Just Katrine Tang Stenz Yan Yan Peter Sieljacks Jakob Wang Thomas Skjaerlund Groennebaek Jesper Emil Jakobsgaard Emil Rindom Jon Herskind Anders Gravholt Thomas Ravn Lassen Mathias Jrgensen Rikke Bk Eugenio Gutirrez-Jimnez Nina Kerting Iversen Peter Mondrup Rasmussen Jens Randel Nyengaard Malene Mller Jrgensen Frank de Paoli Hans Erik Btker Jrgen Kjems Kristian Vissing Kim Ryun Drasbek 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(6)
Ischemic conditioning and exercise have been suggested for protecting against brain ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, the endogenous protective mechanisms stimulated by these interventions remain unclear. Here, in a comprehensive translational study, we investigated the protective role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released after remote ischemic conditioning (RIC), blood flow restricted resistance exercise (BFRRE), or high-load resistance exercise (HLRE). Blood samples were collected from human participants before and at serial time points after intervention. RIC and BFRRE plasma EVs released early after stimulation improved viability of endothelial cells subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation. Furthermore, post-RIC EVs accumulated in the ischemic area of a stroke mouse model, and a mean decrease in infarct volume was observed for post-RIC EVs, although not reaching statistical significance. Thus, circulating EVs induced by RIC and BFRRE can mediate protection, but the in vivo and translational effects of conditioned EVs require further experimental verification. 相似文献
99.
Feng Ye Jianling Li Xindong Wang Tongtao Wang Shanmei Li Haojie Wei Qingfeng Li Erik Christensen 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2010
A novel Pt–IrO2 electrocatalyst was prepared using the dip-coating/calcinations method on titanium substrates. Titanium electrodes coated with oxides were investigated for oxygen evolution. Experimental results showed that Ti/Pt–IrO2 electrode containing 30 mol% Pt in the coating exhibited significantly higher electrocatalytic activity for oxygen evolution compared to Ti/IrO2 prepared by the same method, which is also supported by the electrochemical impedance data. Stability tests demonstrated Pt–IrO2 electrocatalyst had a service cycle of 10,000 times in 0.1 M H2SO4 solution. And the anode surface had hardly discovered cracks and had compact structures, which contributed to stable nature of the electrode together with good conductivity and specific interaction between Pt and IrO2 formed during the calcination. Furthermore, the enhanced catalytic activity for O2 evolution at Ti/Pt–IrO2 electrode is preliminarily discussed using the Mott–Schottky analysis. 相似文献
100.
This paper presents a computationally efficient method for using the dynamic wake meandering model to conduct simulations of wind farm power production. The method is based on creating a database, which contains the time and rotor‐averaged wake effect at any point downstream of a wake‐emitting turbine operating in arbitrary ambient conditions and at an arbitrary degree of wake influence. This database is later used as a look‐up table at runtime to estimate the operating conditions at all turbines in the wind farm, thus eliminating the need to run the dynamic wake meandering model at runtime. By using the proposed method, the time required to conduct wind farm simulations is reduced by three orders of magnitude compared with running the standalone dynamic wake meandering model at runtime. As a result, the wind farm production dynamics for a farm of 100 turbines at 10,000 different sets of ambient conditions run on a normal laptop in 1 h. The method is validated against full scale measurements from the Smøla and OWEZ wind farms, and fair agreement is achieved. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献