从简约视角分析当代书籍设计的趋势

简约理念作为一种设计思想,旨在用尽可能少的元素表现事物的内涵,简约理念下的书籍在设计上追求视觉的"简洁",在情感上追求丰富,这对于当代社会下的环境保护、节约能源有着重要的意义。通过对简约理念的阐释,分析当代书籍设计形式上存在的问题,并提出"简约主义"风格在书籍设计中运用的可行性。     

珠江水源水厂臭氧-生物活性炭工艺对有机微污染物的去除效果

近年来,我国经济发展势头强劲的珠江流域的水质不断受到污染,珠海市给水厂的水源也受到污染.建议通过臭氧生物活性炭深度处理工艺进一步提高污染物的去除率.研究采用小试试验对臭氧生物活性炭深度处理工艺进行研究.重点考察了臭氧质量浓度为1.0 mg/L、活性炭柱空床时间为15 min和臭氧质量浓度为1.5 mg/L、活性炭空床时间为30 min这两个工况下,2-甲基异莰醇、土臭素、TOC、UV254、浑浊度的去除效果,以及对消毒副产物前体物的控制效果,并通过分子量分布和三维荧光对水中的溶解性有机物进行分析,发现臭氧-生物活性炭工艺可以很好地去除2-甲基异莰醇和土臭素.臭氧-生物活性炭工艺可以有效地去除水中的溶解性有机物,对三卤甲烷和含氮类消毒副产物的前体物也有一定的去除作用,但是对于HAAs卤乙酸类的DBPs消毒副产物前体物的去除效果不佳.同时,文中也给出了臭氧生物活性炭深度处理工艺运行工况的建议.     

Utilizing an Animal Model to Identify Brain Neurodegeneration-Related Biomarkers in Aging

Glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT) regulates S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), a methyl donor in methylation. Over-expressed SAMe may cause neurogenic capacity reduction and memory impairment. GNMT knockout mice (GNMT-KO) was applied as an experimental model to evaluate its effect on neurons. In this study, proteins from brain tissues were studied using proteomic approaches, Haemotoxylin and Eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and ingenuity pathway analysis. The expression of Receptor-interacting protein 1(RIPK1) and Caspase 3 were up-regulated and activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP) was down-regulated in GNMT-KO mice regardless of the age. Besides, proteins related to neuropathology, such as excitatory amino acid transporter 2, calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha, and Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase were found only in the group of aged wild-type mice; 4-aminobutyrate amino transferase, limbic system-associated membrane protein, sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3 and ProSAAS were found only in the group of young GNMT-KO mice and are related to function of neurons; serum albumin and Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor 1 were found only in the group of aged GNMT-KO mice and are connected to neurodegenerative disorders. With proteomic analyses, a pathway involving Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) signal was found to be associated with aging. The GnRH pathway could provide additional information on the mechanism of aging and non-aging related neurodegeneration, and these protein markers may be served in developing future therapeutic treatments to ameliorate aging and prevent diseases.     

从锌锗浸出液中提取锗的研究进展

锗资源开发对通讯和航空航天行业的发展具有重要的战略意义,由于提取锗的原料有限,所以开发和优化锗提取工艺受到日益关注.通过综述国内外从锌锗浸出液中提取锗的研究进展,对比多种锗的提取方法,总结出单宁沉锗法为应用最广泛的提锗方法.该方法具有绿色环保、操作简单的优点,但也存在单宁用量大,锗直收率低等问题亟待解决.基于超声波具有频率高、方向性好等优点,且已成功应用于湿法冶金工业中,因此进一步提出将超声外场引入单宁沉锗工艺中,并详细分析了超声外场强化的可行性和机理,以期降低单宁酸用量,提高锗直收率.指出超声外场强化单宁沉锗新工艺具有很好的研究和应用前景.     

基于改进Kalman滤波l1模加速算法的语音信号重构

为求解欠定噪声方程组,需要从噪声和抽样不足的数据中重建高维离散信号。压缩感知矩阵的零空间特性保证了可以通过l1最小化来恢复信号的稀疏表示。文章在Kalman滤波l_1模算法(KML1算法)的基础上通过采用基于Aitken的delta-squared过程外推法对其进行改进,提出了一种改进的Kalman滤波l_1模加速算法(加速算法),并运用于语音信号重构中。实验结果表明:在高维情况下,KML1算法经过500次迭代后,重构的解基本接近真实值,而加速算法经过100次迭代后,重构的解与真实值基本一致;与传统的正交匹配追踪(OMP)算法相比,加速算法的恢复时间比OMP算法缩减了将近20倍。具有外部阈值的l_1最小化Kalman滤波器为x重构提供了更短的时间和更高的精确度。     

有序贝叶斯网络在肥胖数据中的应用

针对肥胖数据,首先利用Kuschner方法生成初始网络,然后与Halbersberg方法进行结合得到有序贝叶斯网络,最终预测肥胖等级,并寻找影响肥胖的因素.     

Ti(C,N)粉末制备技术的研究及进展

概括了国内外Ti(C,N)粉末的制备技术,特别系统地介绍了Ti(C,N)粉末的制备技术的最新进展,分析了这些制备技术的工艺过程和工艺特点,讨论了其存在的问题和发展趋势。     

碲铜系合金在饱和NH4Cl溶液中的腐蚀行为

用全浸失重法,研究了碲铜系合金在饱和NH4Cl溶液中的抗腐蚀性能,结合扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)等测试方法,初步探讨了合金在饱和NH4Cl溶液中的腐蚀行为及腐蚀机制,结果表明碲铜系合金的抗腐蚀性优于纯铜,其腐蚀速率低于纯铜,原因在于碲、镁的加入,可降低纯铜中的非金属杂质含量,同时碲、镁的加入,可沿铜晶界以化合物的形式析出,有利地阻碍了纯铜的沿晶腐蚀.     

铝储液筒高频感应钎焊的应用研究

对铝储液筒和铝管之间焊接的难点和存在的问题进行了分析,选择高频感应焊接进行生产应用,对铝储液筒和铝管之间高频感应焊接的生产工艺过程,从接头的几何形状及尺寸等,到实际生产的工装使用,进行了生产实验并总结了生产工艺要点,这些方法的实施,较好解决了铝储液筒和铝管之间焊接的难点问题,取得了良好的焊接质量.通过在生产实际中的普及应用,收获了明显的经济效益.其中针对实际应用中的问题给出的解决办法,对于类似铝管类制品之间的焊接,具有重要的指导意义.     

Trace Identification and Visualization of Multiple Benzimidazole Pesticide Residues on Toona sinensis Leaves Using Terahertz Imaging Combined with Deep Learning

Molecular spectroscopy has been widely used to identify pesticides. The main limitation of this approach is the difficulty of identifying pesticides with similar molecular structures. When these pesticide residues are in trace and mixed states in plants, it poses great challenges for practical identification. This study proposed a state-of-the-art method for the rapid identification of trace (10 mg·L⁻¹) and multiple similar benzimidazole pesticide residues on the surface of Toona sinensis leaves, mainly including benzoyl (BNL), carbendazim (BCM), thiabendazole (TBZ), and their mixtures. The new method combines high-throughput terahertz (THz) imaging technology with a deep learning framework. To further improve the model reliability beyond the THz fingerprint peaks (BNL: 0.70, 1.07, 2.20 THz; BCM: 1.16, 1.35, 2.32 THz; TBZ: 0.92, 1.24, 1.66, 1.95, 2.58 THz), we extracted the absorption spectra in frequencies of 0.2–2.2 THz from images as the input to the deep convolution neural network (DCNN). Compared with fuzzy Sammon clustering and four back-propagation neural network (BPNN) models (TrainCGB, TrainCGF, TrainCGP, and TrainRP), DCNN achieved the highest prediction accuracies of 100%, 94.51%, 96.26%, 94.64%, 98.81%, 94.90%, 96.17%, and 96.99% for the control check group, BNL, BCM, TBZ, BNL + BCM, BNL + TBZ, BCM + TBZ, and BNL + BCM + TBZ, respectively. Taking advantage of THz imaging and DCNN, the image visualization of pesticide distribution and residue types on leaves was realized simultaneously. The results demonstrated that THz imaging and deep learning can be potentially adopted for rapid-sensing detection of trace multi-residues on leaf surfaces, which is of great significance for agriculture and food safety.