Catalytic and inhibitory effects of dissolved Cd2+ on C3H8 electro-oxidation

Studies have been made of the effect of Cd²⁺ on the oxidation rate of C₃H₈ in 80% H₃PO₄ at 130 C on platinized Pt electrodes.Dissolved Cd²⁺ discharges, probably as Cd⁰, and forms a stable sub-monolayer on a Pt electrode at potentials as high as 0·5 V versus RHE. Although this Cd⁰ layer is apparently substantially desorbed in favor of adsorbed hydrocarbon, C₃H₈ adsorption is inhibited in its presence. C₃H₈ oxidation is also inhibited. However, the C₃H₈ oxidation rate is observed to increase under some circumstances, and this appears to be because Cd isabsorbed into the Pt lattice. Co-plating of Cd and Pt leads to an electrode which, once the excess Cd has been removed, appears to be stable, and which catalyses C₃H₈ oxidation by about a factor of three at 0·25 V. Above 0·3 V, this absorbed Cd somewhat inhibits C₃H₈ oxidation.     

μ C/OS-II在车桥总成配置数据管理系统终端中的应用

基于Cortex-M3内核的ARM芯片STM32F107构建的车桥总成数据远程传输终端,包括了CAN通信、串口通信、人机接口、状态指示、电源等单元。CAN驱动芯片MCP2551实现CAN通信驱动,PS2键盘用于数据的录入与修改,LCM屏提供了人机接口对话。软件上嵌入μC/OS-II实时操作系统,建立CAN总线通信、串口通信、人机接口等多任务。实验表明,车桥总成配置数据的录入与修改操作简便,人机对话界面友好,CAN总线数据传输实时准确。     

解吸水解装置存在问题分析及改进措施

分析解吸水解系统存在的工艺冷凝液流量及组分偏离设计值、塔盘吹翻、水解给料泵超负荷等问题，提出改进措施及建议。     

基于粒子滤波后验概率分布的多特征融合跟踪

在光照和目标形变等外部条件变化的情况下,仅利用目标的单一特征难以鲁棒的跟踪目标。提出了一种基于粒子滤波后验概率分布的多特征融合跟踪算法,在粒子滤波跟踪框架下,用直方图模型表征目标的颜色和边缘特征,通过两种特征后验概率之间的"协作"与"学习"实现特征融合,各种场景的试验结果比较表明,新的融合跟踪算法比仅用单一特征跟踪、现有的多特征融合算法具有更好的稳定性和鲁棒性,特别是针对环境光照和目标背景变化较大的情况更具有优势。     

幂律流体三维脉动流场数值模拟

利用ANSYS软件，模拟了振动诱导单螺杆挤出机熔体输送段中非牛顿幂律流体的三维脉动流场，得到了三维脉动流场的瞬时速度分布及螺槽中物料的流动轨迹。结果表明，在脉动流场作用下，非牛顿流体的瞬时速度响应与在驱动壁面上所施加的正弦形式的脉动驱动形式不同，横螺槽方向的环流中心位置受幂律指数影响，且发生周期性改变。振动的引入使得在相同的时间内，物料的流动路程增加，且可增大物料的平均停留时间，有利于改善混合效果。     

熔融片制样法在水泥行业荧光分析中的应用

近年来,我国的新型干法水泥技术发展迅速,大规模的水泥生产线相继投产,为了适应生产线的质量控制与检验的需要,绝大多数5000t/d以上的水泥企业都使用了X射线荧光分析仪,这种仪器以其分析速度快、测量结果可靠而受到了水泥企业的青睐,但由于所选用的制样方法不同,使得仪器的使用     

Exothermic effect in the process of electron‐beam curing of epoxy resins

Temperature measurements have been performed in the process of electron‐beam curing of EB‐I and EB‐II epoxy resin systems. The influence of initiator content, resin type, and dose rate on the temperature of the systems was studied. Transverse and longitudinal temperatures of samples in the glass vessel were also analyzed. The nature of temperature curves varied with the different epoxy resin systems in the steel mold, but did not change with different contents of the initiator. At the same time, the heat had no effect on the gel fraction of epoxy resin systems. The temperature curve was greatly affected by the dose rate, and its peak value, peak width, and plateau value also increased with it. The transverse temperature of EB‐II glass vessel samples increased as the radiation dose increased and, in the same sample, the temperature reduced as the distance between the radiation center and the test point increased. The longitudinal temperature of EB‐I and EB‐II resin systems in a glass vessel decreased as the radiation depth increased. As the radiation dose increased, the temperature of the EB‐I resin system increased simultaneously, while that of the EB‐II resin system initially increased and then kept constant when the dose reached a certain value. The temperatures of these two resin systems decreased rapidly when the radiation process stopped. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 2217–2222, 2004     

聚丙烯的晶型及常用成核剂

介绍了α,β这两种最重要的聚丙烯的结晶形态及性能特点,阐述了常用的α晶型成核剂(包括无机成核剂、有机成核机和高分子成核剂)及β晶型成核剂的结构特点和使用性能,并结合当前的工作展望了成核剂的发展方向。     

发酵液的组成对纳滤分离谷氨酰胺的影响

研究了谷氨酰胺发酵液中盐离子对纳滤分离提取谷氨酰铵的作用，系统地考察了操作温度和发酵液组成对纳滤分离透过特性的影响，确定了纳滤分离时发酵液最佳稀释倍数和操作温度. 结果表明，二价阳离子通过改变膜面电荷密度对谷氨酸的透过特性产生很大影响，使其截留率降低了8%. 发酵液中较高浓度的(NH4)2SO4使谷氨酸和谷氨酰胺的截留率和透过通量明显降低，但较高浓度的NH4Cl影响较小，这体现了纳滤膜对不同离子排斥力的差异. 当发酵液稀释至谷氨酰胺浓度为1%，pH调至7时，发酵液中的其它盐离子和残糖因浓度较低而对纳滤分离影响不显著.     

Oxygen enrichment from air through multilayer thin low‐density polyethylene films

Several multilayer thin low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) films were fabricated by blown thin film having a thickness of 7 μm and an area of 130 cm². They were characterized for their oxygen‐enrichment performance from air by a constant pressure–variable volume method in a round permeate cell with an effective area of 73.9 cm². The relationship between oxygen‐enrichment properties, including oxygen‐enriched air (OEA) flux, oxygen concentration, permeability coefficients of OEA, oxygen, nitrogen, as well as separation factor through the multilayer LDPE films, and operating parameters, including transfilm pressure difference, retentate/permeate flux ratio, temperature, as well as layer number, are all discussed in detail. It is found that all of the preceding oxygen‐enrichment parameters increase continuously with an increase of transfilm pressure difference from 0.1 to 0.65 MPa, especially for the trilayer and tetralayer LDPE films. The oxygen concentration and separation factor appear to rapidly increase within the retentate/permeate flux ratio below 200, and then become unchangeable beyond that, whereas the OEA flux and the permeability coefficients of OEA, oxygen, and nitrogen seem to remain nearly constant within the whole retentate/permeate flux ratio investigated, especially for the monolayer and bilayer LDPE films. The selectivity becomes inferior, whereas the permeability becomes superior, as the operating temperature increases from 23 to 31°C. The highest oxygen concentration was found to be 44.8% for monolayer LDPE film in a single step with air containing oxygen of 20.9% as a feed gas and operating pressure of 0.5 MPa at a retentate/permeate flux ratio of 340 and 23°C. The results demonstrate a possibility to prepare an oxygen‐enriching membrane directly from air, based on the easily obtained thin LDPE films. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 3013–3021, 2002; DOI 10.1002/app.2331