Nutrient profiles in retail cuts of bison meat

The objectives were to determine the nutrient composition and variation in eight cuts of bison meat in bulls and heifers and identify nutrient relationships in the clod and sirloin by principal component analysis. The nutrients analyzed were: energy, protein, total fat, saturated fat, monounsaturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, transfat, cholesterol, vitamin A, Ca, Fe, Na and moisture. Differences were observed in fat components between cuts and bulls had higher (P < 0.05) amounts of total, saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fat in the blade compared to the other cuts. The sirloins had less (P < 0.05) cholesterol than all the other cuts in bulls and the clod in heifers. Fat varied more than protein and moisture in all cuts. Four principal components (PC) accounted for 63.9% of the total variation of the nutrient composition. Total, monounsaturated and saturated fats were in PC1 and cholesterol in PC2 showing that cholesterol is independent of other fats. If dietary alterations elicit changes in bison meat fatty acid profiles, it may be possible to reduce cholesterol independent of total, monounsaturated or saturated fat.     

奥地利KELAG公司的水电站发挥重要作用

奥地利KELAG公司的水电站100多年来发挥了重要作用,克恩滕州为此于2005年10月举行了一系列纪念活动。该州是奥地利水电开发的重要地区,有许多重要蓄水和径流式电站,回顾了该地区水电开发的历史,包括正在进行中的和已规划的水电开发的更新和升级。介绍了重要的Fragant水电工程规划,在Wurtenalm大坝的下游增加了新的压力隧洞和发电厂房。     

A Novel Layered Double Hydroxide and Dodecyl Alcohol Assisted PCM Composite with High Latent Heat Storage Capacity and Thermal Conductivity

Dodecyl alcohol(DDA)is a promising solid-liquid phase change material(PCM)due to its favorable latent heat storage(LHS)characteristics.However,the leakage issue of PCM in a melted state during the heating period and low thermal conductivity restricts its utilization potential in thermal energy storage(TES)practices.Within the same context,the present work aims to overcome the leakage issue and improve the thermal conductivity of the DDA.With this in mind,a novel leak-proof layered double hydroxide(LDH)/DDA composite PCM is proposed through a solution-based impregnation method.The leak-proof impregnation ratio of the DDA impregnated within the cavities of the synthesized Al/Fe-LDH was determined to be 60％.Detailed morphological,physicochemical,and thermal properties of the fabricated composite were studied by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Fourier transforms infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction(XRD)spectroscopy,differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),thermalgravimetric analysis(TGA),and thermal cycling study.The results show that the LDH/DDA composite has a suitable phase change temperature(about 20℃)for passive solar thermal management of building envelopes.This composite PCM showed high LHS enthalpy(about 136 J/g),good thermal stability,and cycling LHS reliability.It also showed nearly 152％higher thermal conductivity compared to that of pure DDA,ultimately reducing the melting and solidification time of the pure DDA by 44.9％and 45.5％,respectively.     

Pathophysiological changes after traumatic brain injury: comparison of two experimental animal models by means of MRI

In an experimental study MRI was used to compare the pathophysiological changes of brain tissue after lateral fluid percussion injury (FPI) versus cold injury (CI) as models of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Two groups of Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 23) were subjected to mild FPI, respectively, CI localized over the right parietal cortex. MRI was performed at different time points including Tlw, T2w and Tlw-CE (Gd-DTPA 0.2 mmol/kg BW) sequences as well as perfusion-weighted imaging with calculation of regional cerebral blood volume (rCBV) and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). T2w and Tlw-CE images showed hyperintense areas in the traumatised cortex demonstrating brain edema and blood-brain barrier (BBB)-breakdown increasing up to 12 h. Perfusion-weighted imaging demonstrated a significant decrease of rCBV and rCBF in the ipsilateral cortex of CI animals compared with the contralateral hemisphere. In contrast, rats of the FPI group showed only slight differences in rCBF and rCBV comparing the left and right cortex. The results of our study confirm that both mild FPI and CI produced focal brain edema with concomitant breakdown of the BBB as a model of TBI. Since differences regarding perfusion are much more pronounced in CI our results suggest that, this model more likely seems to reflect pathophysiological changes of brain ischemia, whereas FPI seems to be better suited to model the pathophysiological characteristics of TBI.     

Magnetization transfer short inversion time inversion recovery enhanced 1H MRI of the human lung

The unique characteristics of the human lung arising from low proton density and multiple air-tissue interfaces of the alveoli cause difficulty in¹H lung magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, the dominating signal from sources such as the thoracic muscle and subcutaneous fat hampers the visualization of the lung parenchyma. In this contribution, an efficient tissue suppression technique is presented which allows one to significantly enhance lung parenchyma visibility. A short inversion time inversion recovery (STIR) experiment combined with a magnetization transfer (MT) experiment was used for magnetization preparation in order to suppress the signal from muscle. A half-Fourier single-shot turbo spin-echo sequence was used as acquisition module. This approach was used to perform lung anatomical imaging in eight healthy human subjects and five patients withcystic fibrosis. The results obtained demonstrate that with MT-STIR approach high quality human lung images can be obtained and that this approach has the potential for the evaluation of lung pathologies.     

优化负荷及发电管理

热电系统或水-热电系统的运营商对运营进行长远规划,从而确定自身发电及采用其他可利用能源的供应量,如以合同形式采购能源.该计划的目的是最小化电力系统的运行成本,或最大化利润.     

通过实验表征、计算机辅助结构解析和原子模拟对切尔西土壤腐植酸进行三维结构模拟

本文描述了一个用于开发腐植酸(HAs)三维结构模型的完整的实验和计算框架。这种方法结合了实验表征、计算机辅助结构解析(CASE)和原子模拟,生成与HAs的分析数据和热力学/结构特性相一致的所有三维结构模型或这些模型的代表性样本。从元素分析、漫反射傅里叶变换红外光谱、一维/二维¹H和¹³C溶液核磁共振光谱和电喷雾电离四极杆飞行时间质谱(ESI QqTOF MS)中获得的结构数据,结合CASE程序SIGNATURE,生成了切尔西土壤腐植酸(HA)所有的三维结构模型。这些模型随后被用作初始三维结构,进行恒温恒压分子动力学模拟,以估算其体密度和Hildebrand溶解度参数。只有少数模型异构体显示出的分子组成和体热力学性质与实验数据一致。这些模型异构体的等摩尔混合物的模拟¹³C核磁共振光谱与切尔西土壤HA的实测光谱相比有较好的一致性。     

多硝基芳香族炸药的冲击感度与其结构的关系

有机炸药的冲击感度主要与落锤冲击时产生的温度状态下发生的热分解过程的速率有关,对于具有类似分解历程的各类炸药来说,在50%落高之对数同 OB_(100)值之间似乎存在着统计学上明显的线性关系。OB_(100)是氧化剂平衡的度量。另外还表明芳香环上有α C—H 键的此不含这个键的芳香族炸药较为敏感。这些结果与如下结论是一致的,即梯恩梯的热分解产物表明分子之间及分子内部氧化作用的优先位置是αC—H 键。     

Functionalized gold nanoparticles: a detailed in vivo multimodal microscopic brain distribution study

In the present study, the in vivo distribution of polyelectrolyte multilayer coated gold nanoparticles is shown, starting from the living animal down to cellular level. The coating was designed with functional moieties to serve as a potential nano drug for prion disease. With near infrared time-domain imaging we followed the biodistribution in mice up to 7 days after intravenous injection of the nanoparticles. The peak concentration in the head of mice was detected between 19 and 24 h. The precise particle distribution in the brain was studied ex vivo by X-ray microtomography, confocal laser and fluorescence microscopy. We found that the particles mainly accumulate in the hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, and the cerebral cortex.